Designed for Difficulties: A Case Study of the Institutional Design of a European Level Youth Lobby Group from a Post-Socialist State (with Zoe Onutu)

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dylan Kissane ◽  
Zoe Onutu
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Design ◽  
European Level ◽  
Socialist State ◽  
Lobby Group

Proportional Representation and its Impacts on Multi Ethnic Society of Sri Lanka

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seeni Mohamed Aliff
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
Qualitative Case Study ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Electoral System ◽  
Ethnic Violence ◽  
Institutional Affiliation ◽  
Secondary Data Sources ◽  
The Impact

This paper will examine the impact of PR electoral systems in a divided society. This research will explore the strength and weakness of the current electoral system and institutional design of Sri Lanka and will recommend changes to decrease the risk of minority exclusion in decision making and ethnic violence. The objectives of this research are to examine the character of the merits and demerits of the PR, and to investigate and assess the impacts of the PR in the multi ethnic societies of Sri Lanka. The study is a qualitative case study, and primary and secondary data sources have been employed to gather relevant data. The My Fieldwork was conducted in Sri Lanka, with the intention of gaining a better and more thorough understanding of the current situation. The interviews conducted were as such not structured or semi-structured, due to the interviewees’ varying professional background and institutional affiliation. Accordingly, unstructured interviews, as well as informal conversations and meetings, were conducted throughout Sri Lanka.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
David K. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
Tea Party ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
State Control ◽  
Reform Legislation ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
Insurance Exchanges ◽  
Significant Health

The Affordable Care Act (ACA) is the most significant health reform legislation enacted in generations. However, politics does not end after a bill is signed into law. This chapter outlines why states were given such a prominent role in the implementation of core elements of the ACA, including the health insurance exchanges. This sets the stage for the question of this book: given that state leaders say they want flexibility and that Republicans say they prefer market-oriented reforms, why did so many states reject state control over exchanges? I outline the four main insights from the case study chapters: (1) the importance of governors, (2) the power of the Tea Party, (3) the ways in which differences in institutional design and procedures shaped policy outcomes, and (4) the importance of leadership. I ask whether this episode supports or undermines the federalism notion of states as laboratories of learning.

Transport Infrastructures Safety and Security

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-62
Author(s):  
Zdenek Dvorak ◽  
Bohus Leitner ◽  
Lenka Mocova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
European Level ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Current State ◽  
Introductory Part

The chapter focuses on explaining the causal links between security and safety within the transport infrastructure. The chapter presents the current state of protection and resilience of the transport infrastructure in Europe. The introductory part will focus on comparative analysis of the latest information on transport infrastructure. In addition, an overview of current European transport infrastructure directives and legal acts will be included. This will be followed by an analysis of the results of scientific research projects at European level. As a case study, the state of security and safety in the transport infrastructure of the Slovak Republic will be presented. The following will be a generalized set of recommendations to improve security and safety in the transport infrastructure. The chapter will be supplemented by relevant sources of information on the issues addressed.

Food Waste Reduction Towards Food Sector Sustainability

2021 ◽  
pp. 534-557
Author(s):  
Giovanni Lagioia ◽  
Vera Amicarelli ◽  
Teodoro Gallucci ◽  
Christian Bux
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Material Flow Analysis ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Potato Industry ◽  
European Level ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Total Food

FAO estimates on average more than 1.3 billion tons of food loss and waste (FLW) along the whole food supply chain (equivalent to one-third of total food production) of which more than 670 million tons in developed countries and approximately 630 million tons in developing ones, showing wide differences between countries. In particular, EU data estimates an amount of more than 85 million tons of FLW, equal to approximately 20% of total food production. This research presents two main goals. First, to review the magnitude of FLW at a global and European level and its environmental, social and economic implications. Second, use Material Flow Analysis (MFA) to support and improve FLW management and its application in an Italian potato industry case study. According to the case study presented, MFA has demonstrated the advantages of tracking input and output to prevent FLW and how they provide economic, social, and environmental opportunities.

scholarly journals Legitimacy Struggles in Global Governance: Legitimation and Delegitimation of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank

SAGE Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 215824401987020
Author(s):  
Anders Uhlin
Keyword(s):  
Global Governance ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Infrastructure Investment ◽  
Investment Bank ◽  
Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank ◽  
Transnational Civil Society ◽  
Dynamic Relations

The Chinese-led Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) started operation in January 2016 in the context of severe criticism from the U.S. government and transnational civil society organizations, but with the support from major Asian and European states. The establishment of this new global governance institution (GGI) raises intriguing questions concerning legitimacy and (de)legitimation. What legitimacy challenges has the AIIB as a new institution experienced and how has the Bank tried to boost its legitimacy? What specific legitimation and delegitimation practices have been applied by what actors and with what effects? Contributing to research on legitimacy in global governance, this article develops a framework for analyzing legitimacy struggles. It highlights the dynamic relations between legitimation (practices intended to boost beliefs that the rule of a political institution is exercised appropriately) and delegitimation (practices challenging the appropriateness of a political institution’s exercise of authority). The framework includes a systematic study of different agents of (de)legitimation (including GGIs, states, and nonstate actors), practices of (de)legitimation (categorized as institutional and discursive), and institutional sources of (de)legitimation (related to procedure as well as performance). The case study, based on in-depth qualitative content analysis of documents produced by the AIIB and other actors, demonstrates how legitimizers and delegitimizers respond to each other. Being a new GGI, legitimacy struggles on the AIIB have to a large extent focused on its institutional design referring to (the lack of) democratic procedures. Legitimizers tend to stress technocratic performance, whereas delegitimizers are more concerned with fair performance.

Introducing social acceptance into the design of CCS supply chains: A case study at a European level

2020 ◽  
Vol 249 ◽  
pp. 119337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico d’Amore ◽  
Leonardo Lovisotto ◽  
Fabrizio Bezzo
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
European Level

scholarly journals Understanding Variation in Processes of Institutional Formation

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 226-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivien Lowndes ◽  
Maximilian Lemprière
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Design ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Institutional Reforms ◽  
Institutional Formation ◽  
City Regions ◽  
Institutional Contexts ◽  
Historical Trajectory ◽  
Institutional Actors

The article asks why institutional reforms work in one place and not another and why old ways of doing things can prove so resilient. It argues in favour of a concept of institutional formation, which is different from ‘institutional design’ as a time-limited event or ‘institutional change’ as an open-ended historical trajectory. Institutional formation is conceptualised as an animated, nested and embedded process. A multi-level framework is developed that specifies the links between institutional actors, institutional rules and institutional contexts. The model is elaborated with reference to a case study of local government reform in England, specifically the devolution of responsibilities from central government to voluntary collaborations of elected local authorities (‘combined authorities’). The model is used to explain variation in the process of institutional formation in two different city-regions, focusing on the role of leaders, legacies and localities.

Neo-Liberalism and the Decline of Democratic Governance in Australia: A Problem of Institutional Design?

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Marsh
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
Democratic Governance ◽  
Democratic Politics ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Subsequent Evolution ◽  
Preliminary Attempt ◽  
Changing Patterns

This paper is a preliminary attempt to evaluate changing patterns of democratic governance, at least in Westminster-style parliamentary settings, and possibly more generally. It has two specific purposes: first, to propose a paradigm for evaluating the empirical evolution of democratic governance; and second, to illustrate the explanatory potential of this paradigm through a mini-case study of changing patterns of governance in one particular polity. The conceptual framework is drawn from March and Olsen's eponymous study (1995) from which polar (‘thick’ and ‘thin’) forms of democratic governance are derived. Four conjectures about its evolution are then explored. First, in its mass party phase, the pattern of democratic governance approximated the ‘thick’ pole. Second, the subsequent evolution of democratic politics has been in the direction of the ‘thin’ (minimalist or populist) pole. Third, the cause of this shift was a failure to adapt political institutions to changing citizen identities, which was masked by the ascendancy amongst political elites of the neo-liberal account of governance. Fourth, the paper considers the means by which democratic governance might be renewed. The approach is applied to explain changes in Australian politics over recent decades.

Privileges and Immunities of Global Public-Private Partnerships: A Case study of the Global Fund to Fight AIDs, Tuberculosis and Malaria

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davinia Abdul Aziz
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Global Fund ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
Public Private Partnership ◽  
Public Private Partnerships ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
Scholarly Literature

AbstractThe question of whether it is at all appropriate to extend privileges and immunities regimes beyond international organizations to the increasingly ubiquitous global public-private partnership structure has received little attention to date in the scholarly literature. This article examines this question through a study of the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, a permanent global public-private partnership that formally incorporates non-state actors as equal players in its core governance structures. The article concludes that considerations of genesis and administrative law-type analyses of institutional design may, to some extent, substitute for the constituent treaty of classical international law in order to identify which global public-private partnerships should benefit from privileges and immunities, as well as the specific privileges and immunities to be granted in each case to facilitate the effective fulfilment of these partnerships' mandates.

Sterben in der modernen Stadt

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-210
Author(s):  
Ulrich H.J. Körtner
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Assisted Suicide ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Large City ◽  
Religious Change ◽  
European Level ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Death On Demand

Abstract The nationwide supply with the afferings of Palliative Care is a generally acknowledged aim. But it is disputed whether it is a sufficient alternative to death on demand or assisted suicide. This is being discussed on a European level. But what the current discussion is Jacking of, are empirical studies regarding the culture of dying. The case study at hand Iooks into the basic social and cultural conditions in a large city. It also discusses the consequences of religious change and the inter-religious situation on the palliativemovement and their relation to the churches

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