Adjustment of Age-Related Height Shrinkage in Archival Data for Chinese: A Post HOC Longitudinal Survey

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen L. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Survey ◽  
Archival Data ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Post Hoc

scholarly journals Osteogenic Effects of Naringenin Are Mediated Through the Activation of AMPK Pathway

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 12-12
Author(s):  
Savion Carswell ◽  
Tanzim Mridha ◽  
Cynthia E Francis ◽  
Shashidharamurthy Taval ◽  
Srujana Rayalam
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Calcium Deposition ◽  
Alizarin Red ◽  
Ampk Pathway ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Osteogenic Markers ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Post Hoc

Abstract Objectives Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells are the precursor cells for adipocytes and osteoblasts. The accumulation of adipocytes in bone marrow at the expense of osteoblastogenesis is a major factor contributing to age-related bone loss. Grapefruit flavonoid naringenin (NAR) was shown to promote osteogenesis but the mechanism behind these effects is not clear. In this study, we propose to demonstrate that the osteogenic effects of NAR are mediated through the activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated kinase (AMPK) pathway. Methods MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblast cells were cultured using alpha MEM medium (Invitrogen) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 1% penicillin/streptomycin. Osteogenic differentiation was induced by using differentiation medium purchased from Stem Cell Technologies. Western blotting, ELISA and alizarin red assays were conducted to test our hypothesis. Results NAR increased calcium deposition in MC3T3 cells compared to DMSO control after 21-day differentiation period. Additionally, in the presence of AMPK inhibitor Ara-A, NAR-induced calcium deposition was suppressed compared to NAR alone. Furthermore, while NAR increased phosphorylation of AMPK, the combination of NAR and Ara-A significantly decreased AMPK phosphorylation. Finally, Ara-A suppressed NAR-induced expression of osteogenic markers including Runx2, osteoprotegerin and osteocalcin suggesting that NAR-induced osteogenesis is partly mediated through AMPK pathway. All data were expressed as the mean ± SEM, minimum n = 3. Comparisons were made by using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's post hoc tests. Conclusions The suppression of osteogenic markers and calcium deposition in the presence of NAR plus Ara-A, an AMPK inhibitor, compared to NAR alone provide evidence that the observed osteogenic effects of NAR are in part mediated through the activation of AMPK pathway. These data combined with our previous reports of anti-adipogenic effects of NAR suggest that NAR may have potential therapeutic applications for osteoporosis by not only promoting osteogenesis but also inhibiting adipogenesis in the bone marrow. Funding Sources Division of Research, PCOM and NIH-1R03 AI128254–01A1.

scholarly journals Baseline Characteristics of the Fellow Eye in Patients with Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Post Hoc Analysis of the VIEW Studies

2016 ◽  
Vol 236 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Wolf ◽  
Francesco Bandello ◽  
Anat Loewenstein ◽  
Jason Slakter ◽  
Todd Katz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Fellow Eye ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Intravitreal Aflibercept ◽  
Baseline Characteristics ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Fellow Eyes

Purpose: The aim was to describe baseline characteristics of the fellow eye of patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Methods: A pooled, post hoc analysis of patients with nAMD enrolled in the VIEW studies was carried out. The VIEW studies compared intravitreal aflibercept (monthly or every 2 months after 3 monthly injections) with monthly ranibizumab. Baseline choroidal neovascularization (CNV) status of fellow eyes and baseline best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and lens status of all eyes were evaluated. Additional analyses evaluated the presence of drusen and pigment in fellow eyes. Results: When comparing both eyes, baseline BCVA was worse in 23.8% of fellow eyes and in 75.2% of study eyes. Lens status of fellow eyes and study eyes was similar. Baseline visual acuity of the study eye and that of the fellow eye were not correlated. Most fellow eyes had signs of early AMD, with 34.6% (n = 843) of fellow eyes having evidence of scarring. Conclusions: In patients in the VIEW studies, most fellow eyes had evidence of AMD, highlighting the importance of examining both eyes, with close follow-up thereafter, in order to detect and treat CNV earlier as needed.

Building a Psychometric Instrument and Data Collection Checklist for Healthy Aging Initiatives

2014 ◽  
pp. 389-408
Author(s):  
Marianne Robin Russo ◽  
Valerie C. Bryan
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Human Life ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Archival Data ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Psychometric Instrument ◽  
Instrument Construction ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Post Hoc

Instrument design should consider the measurement of constructs that are directly linked to how well the data is generated and subsequently measured and assessed. We need sufficient instruments and archival data that will solve problems for the improvement of human life, inclusive of health-related issues. The purpose of this chapter is to examine the methodological approaches the psychometrician reviewed in order to determine if a need existed to create an adequate, effective, and robust instrument, or if the current primary and/or archival data would be adequate for the study related to healthy aging. The intent of the researchers is to examine the relationship between instrumentation and data and to develop a checklist for instrumentation and data collection. A comprehensive literature review and a final evaluation instrument is constructed that may assist the researcher in the validity and reliability of instrumentation a priori and post-hoc instrument construction in the future.

scholarly journals Quercetin, but Not Epicatechin, Decreases Plasma Concentrations of Methylglyoxal in Adults in a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial with Pure Flavonoids

2018 ◽  
Vol 148 (12) ◽  
pp. 1911-1916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias D G Van den Eynde ◽  
Johanna M Geleijnse ◽  
Jean L J M Scheijen ◽  
Nordin M J Hanssen ◽  
James I Dower ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crossover Trial ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Apparently Healthy

ABSTRACT Background Methylglyoxal (MGO) is the most potent precursor of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). MGO and AGEs have been associated with diabetes, its complications, and other age-related diseases. Experimental studies have shown that the flavonoids quercetin and epicatechin are able to scavenge MGO and lower AGE formation. Objective Data on the effects of these flavonoids on MGO and AGE concentrations in humans are not yet available. We therefore investigated the effect of quercetin and epicatechin on the concentrations of MGO and AGEs in a post hoc analysis. Methods Thirty-seven apparently healthy, nonsmoking adults with a systolic blood pressure between 125 and 160 mm Hg at screening were included in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial. Participants ingested (−)-epicatechin (100 mg/d), quercetin 3-glucoside (160 mg/d), or placebo capsules for periods of 4 wk separated by 4-wk washout periods. Fasting blood samples were collected at the start and end of each intervention period. Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry was used to determine plasma concentrations of the dicarbonyl compounds MGO, glyoxal (GO), and 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG) and free and protein-bound AGEs. Gene expression of glyoxalase 1 (GLO1), the enzyme involved in the degradation of MGO, was determined by either microarray or quantitative reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction. Results The treatment effect (Δtreatment − Δplacebo) of quercetin on MGO was −40.2 nmol/L (95% CI: −73.6, −6.8 nmol/L; P = 0.019), a decrease of 11% from baseline values, whereas GO, 3-DG, and free and protein-bound AGEs did not change significantly. Epicatechin did not affect the concentrations of dicarbonyls and free and protein-bound AGEs. We did not find a significant change in expression of GLO1. Conclusions In apparently healthy (pre)hypertensive men and women, quercetin but not epicatechin decreased plasma MGO concentrations. Quercetin may potentially form a new treatment strategy for diseases in which MGO plays a pivotal role. This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01691404.

Post-hoc analysis of single nucleotide polymorphism profile for eyes with vascularized pigment epithelial detachment due to ARMD

2020 ◽  
pp. 112067212093282
Author(s):  
Daniel Lee ◽  
Clement K Chan ◽  
Prema Abraham ◽  
David Sarraf
Keyword(s):  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Pigment Epithelial Detachment ◽  
Severity Scale ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
High Responders

Introduction: This post-hoc case-control study compares single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) profile of eyes with vascularized pigment epithelial detachment (vPED) due to age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) with: (1) Control-1 eyes (no ARMD and AREDS Severity Scale 0); and (2) Control-2 eyes (drusen or AREDS Severity Scale 2). SNP profile of High Responders (HR) was also compared with Low Responders (LR) to ranibizumab. Methods: Blood samples from 40 patients with vPED treated with ranibizumab were sent for SNP-specific genotype analysis for comparison of variant allele frequencies of 23 SNPs associated with ARMD (VAF) to VAF in 184 Control-1 eyes, and VAF in 85 Control-2 eyes. VAF of HR-50 (⩾50% decrease in PED height) and VAF of HR-75 (⩾75% decrease in PED height) were also compared with VAF of LR. Results: These SNPs were more frequent in vPED than Control-1 eyes: APOE rs4420638 (A/G), HTRA1 rs104904924 (G/T), VEGF rs943080 (T/C), CFH rs1061170 (T/C), CFH rs2274700 (C/T), CFH rs10737680 (A/C), CFH rs10801555 (G/A). These SNPs were more frequent in vPED than Control-2 eyes: APOE rs4420638 (A/G), CFI rs4698775 (G/T), COL15A1/TGFBR1 rs334353 (T/G). FRK rs3812111 (T/A) was more frequent in HR-50 and HR-75 eyes compared with LR. Conclusion: Seven SNPs were more frequent in vPED eyes than non-ARMD eyes, and three SNPs were more frequent in vPED eyes than drusen eyes. Adjusting for multiplicity, only CFH rs2274700 (C/T) was significant for first comparison, and only COL15A1/TGFBR1 rs334353 (T/G) was significant for second comparison. APOE rs4420638 (A/G) was the single SNP more frequently linked to vPED eyes for both comparisons. FRK rs3812111 (T/A) was consistently associated with high responders.

scholarly journals Moderate Mocha Coffee Consumption Is Associated with Higher Cognitive and Mood Status in a Non-Demented Elderly Population with Subcortical Ischemic Vascular Disease

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 536
Author(s):  
Francesco Fisicaro ◽  
Giuseppe Lanza ◽  
Manuela Pennisi ◽  
Carla Vagli ◽  
Mariagiovanna Cantone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Disease ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
Vascular Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Coffee Intake ◽  
Homogeneous Sample ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Interference Test ◽  
Post Hoc

To date, interest in the role of coffee intake in the occurrence and course of age-related neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders has provided an inconclusive effect. Moreover, no study has evaluated mocha coffee consumption in subjects with mild vascular cognitive impairment and late-onset depression. We assessed the association between different quantities of mocha coffee intake over the last year and cognitive and mood performance in a homogeneous sample of 300 non-demented elderly Italian subjects with subcortical ischemic vascular disease. Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Stroop Colour-Word Interference Test (Stroop T), 17-items Hamilton Depression Rating Scalfe (HDRS), Activities of Daily Living (ADL), and Instrumental ADL were the outcome measures. MMSE, HDRS, and Stroop T were independently and significantly associated with coffee consumption, i.e., better scores with increasing intake. At the post-hoc analyses, it was found that the group with a moderate intake (two cups/day) had similar values compared to the heavy drinkers (≥three cups/day), with the exception of MMSE. Daily mocha coffee intake was associated with higher cognitive and mood status, with a significant dose-response association even with moderate consumption. This might have translational implications for the identification of modifiable factors for vascular dementia and geriatric depression.

scholarly journals Anti-VEGF-resistant subretinal fluid is associated with better vision and reduced risk of macular atrophy

2021 ◽  
pp. bjophthalmol-2020-318688
Author(s):  
Marco A Zarbin ◽  
Lauren Hill ◽  
Andreas Maunz ◽  
Martin Gliem ◽  
Ivaylo Stoilov
Keyword(s):  
Subretinal Fluid ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Corrected Visual Acuity ◽  
Macular Atrophy ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Fundus Photographs ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Baseline Screening ◽  
Sd Oct

Background/aimTo evaluate relationships between subretinal fluid (SRF), macular atrophy (MA) and visual outcomes in ranibizumab-treated neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).MethodsThis post hoc HARBOR trial (NCT00891735) analysis included ranibizumab-treated (0.5 or 2.0 mg, monthly or as-needed, all treatment arms pooled) eyes with nAMD and baseline (screening, baseline and week 1) SRF. SRF presence, SRF thickness (0, >0–50, >50–100 and >100 µm) and subretinal fluid volume (SRFV) were determined by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was assessed. MA was identified using fluorescein angiograms and colour fundus photographs, as well as SD-OCT.ResultsSeven hundred eighty-five of 1097 eyes met analysis criteria. In eyes without baseline MA, residual versus no SRF at month (M) 3 was associated with lower MA rates at M12 (5.1% vs 22.1%) and M24 (13.3% vs 31.2%) (both p<0.0001); MA percentages at M12/M24 were similar among patients with residual SRF at M6. Higher baseline SRFV was associated with a lower MA rate. Greater mean BCVA was observed with residual SRF of any thickness (>0–50 µm, 71.2 letters; >50–100 µm, 71.3 letters; >100 µm, 69.2 letters) versus no SRF (63.6 letters), but the change in BCVA from baseline to M12 or M24 was the same for eyes with or without treatment-resistant subretinal fluid (TR-SRF) at M3 or M6.ConclusionTR-SRF was not detrimental to vision outcomes over 2 years, regardless of thickness. MA rates were significantly higher without TR-SRF.

scholarly journals Age-Related Differences in Hamstring Flexibility in Prepubertal Soccer Players: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Abate Daga ◽  
Marco Panzolini ◽  
Ruben Allois ◽  
Luca Baseggio ◽  
Samuel Agostino
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Ordinal Regression ◽  
The Body ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ordinal Regression Analysis ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Hamstring Flexibility ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
One Way Anova

This study aimed to investigate the hamstring flexibility rate among prepubertal soccer players from U8 to U12 and the role of age and soccer years of practice on the course of hamstring flexibility. Six hundred eleven young Italian soccer players from a local soccer school in Turin were recruited for this research and assigned to each group according to their chronological age (U8 = 124 players; U9 = 130 players; U10 = 151 players; U11 = 89 players; and U12 = 120 players). Hamstring flexibility was measured using the Sit and Reach Test (SAR), while data analysis was run using a one-way analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA). Furthermore, Tuckey’s post hoc was used to determine differences among the classes of age. Finally, a bivariate ordinal regression analysis was used to evaluate a potential association between age categories and hamstrings flexibility. In addition, multivariable ordinal regression was used to analyze this relationship adjusted for the Body Mass Index (BMI). The one-way ANOVA showed significant differences in flexibility among groups (F = 32.76, P &lt; 0.0001). Tuckey’s post hoc identified significant differences between U8 and U10 (p &lt; 0.01; −2,39 cm of hamstring stretching), U8 and U11 (p &lt; 0.05; −2.19 cm), U8 and U12 (p &lt; 0.0001; −5.90), U9 and U12 (p &lt; 0.0001; −4.98 cm), U10 and U12 (p &lt; 0.0001; −3.5 cm), U11 and U12 (p &lt; 0,001; −3.70 cm). In the bivariate ordinal regression analysis, there was a negative association between the age categories and hamstrings flexibility (R2 = 0.137; p &lt; 0.0001). The association persisted in multivariable ordinal regression analysis adjusted for BMI (R2 = 0.138; p &lt; 0.0001). This study underlines changes in hamstring flexibility across different age groups of prepubertal soccer players. The older and more experienced in soccer are less flexible than the younger, considering the hamstring muscles. Thus, appropriate stretching protocols should be included in prepubertal soccer training to avoid the risk of lead players to excess hamstring tightness.

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