Oil Users, Air Polluters, and Forest Abusers: Macro-Level Segmentation of 121 Countries Based on Resource Usage Efficiency Per Capita

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam J. Sulkowski ◽  
D. Steven White
Keyword(s):  
Macro Level ◽  
Resource Usage ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Usage Efficiency

A Cross-national Analysis of Religion and Attitudes toward Premarital Sex

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 798-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong Hyun Jung
Keyword(s):  
Macro Level ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Premarital Sex ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
National Analysis ◽  
Economic Modernization ◽  
Cross National

This study examines how micro-level religious effects and macro-level economic contexts shape individuals’ attitudes toward premarital sex. It then investigates whether the effects of individual-level religiosity on approval of premarital sex are contingent on the economic characteristics of a nation, reflected by a country’s gross domestic product (GDP) per capita. Multilevel analyses of data from the sixth wave of the World Values Survey (2010–2014) reveal that both individual religiosity and GDP per capita are important predictors of attitudes toward premarital sex. Furthermore, cross-level interactions suggest that individual religiosity has a greater negative effect on approval of premarital sex in countries that are more economically developed. I discuss how these findings speak to theories about religion, economic modernization, and the ways that macro-level contexts are linked with micro-level factors.

scholarly journals Managing the CERN Batch System with Kubernetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 07048
Author(s):  
Luis Fernandez Alvarez ◽  
Olga Datskova ◽  
Ben Jones ◽  
Gavin McCance
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Batch Service ◽  
Resource Usage ◽  
Cloud Environment ◽  
Operational Model ◽  
Batch System ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cloud Providers ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Usage Efficiency

The CERN Batch Service faces many challenges in order to get ready for the computing demands of future LHC runs. These challenges require that we look at all potential resources, assessing how efficiently we use them and that we explore different alternatives to exploit opportunistic resources in our infrastructure as well as outside of the CERN computing centre. Several projects, like BEER, Helix Nebula Science Cloud and the new OCRE project, have proven our ability to run batch workloads on a wide range of non-traditional resources. However, the challenge is not only to obtain the raw compute resources needed but how to define an operational model that is cost and time efficient, scalable and flexible enough to adapt to a heterogeneous infrastructure. In order to tackle both the provisioning and operational challenges it was decided to use Kubernetes. By using Kubernetes we benefit from a de-facto standard in containerised environments, available in nearly all cloud providers and surrounded by a vibrant ecosystem of open-source projects. Leveraging Kubernetes’ built-in functionality, and other open-source tools such as Helm, Terraform and GitLab CI, we have deployed a first cluster prototype which we discuss in detail. The effort has simplified many of the existing operational procedures we currently have, but has also made us rethink established procedures and assumptions that were only valid in a VM-based cloud environment. This contribution presents how we have adopted Kubernetes into the CERN Batch Service, the impact its adoption has in daily operations, a comparison on resource usage efficiency and the experience so far evolving our infrastructure towards this model.

Bridging research on different levels: Combining micro and macro level research

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Druckman ◽  
Hillie Aaldering ◽  
Peter Coleman ◽  
Ray Friedman ◽  
Christianna Gozzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macro Level ◽  
Different Levels
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document