Consensus or Dissensus in the Legislative Approach to Complex Policy Problems? Animal Biotechnology as an Example

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lonneke Poort
Keyword(s):  
Animal Biotechnology ◽  
Policy Problems

The Risks of Russia's Debt Policy against the Background of the Global Debt Crisis

2012 ◽  
pp. 80-97
Author(s):  
B. Kheifets
Keyword(s):  
Debt Crisis ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Domestic Debt ◽  
Debt Market ◽  
State Paternalism ◽  
High Level ◽  
External Borrowing ◽  
Pension Liabilities ◽  
Policy Problems ◽  
Debt Policy

The paper discusses the debt component of the current global crisis, which becomes stronger in 2011—2012. The Russian economy is analyzed in terms of its debt stability: a thorough analysis shows that it is not quite adequate. This paper presents the main problems that could be exacerbated by the global debt crisis (strong dependence of the budget on the volatility of oil prices, deterioration of conditions for external borrowing and overheat of the domestic debt market, too high public pension liabilities, substantial corporate debt and high level of state paternalism in regard to big business). Some measures to address Russian debt policy problems are proposed.

scholarly journals A comparative study of COVID-19 responses in South Korea and Japan: political nexus triad and policy responses

2021 ◽  
pp. 002085232199755
Author(s):  
M. Jae Moon ◽  
Kohei Suzuki ◽  
Tae In Park ◽  
Kentaro Sakuwa
Keyword(s):  
Northeast Asia ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
Governance Structures ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
Government Capacity ◽  
Institutional Contexts ◽  
Policy Problems

Korea and Japan, neighboring democratic countries in Northeast Asia, announced their first COVID-19 cases in January 2020 and witnessed similar patterns of disease spread but adopted different policy approaches to address the pandemic (agile and proactive approach versus cautious and restraint-based approach). Applying the political nexus triad model, this study analyzes and compares institutional contexts and governance structures of Korea and Japan, then examines the differences in policy responses of the two Asian countries. This study first reviews the state of COVID-19 and examines changes in the conventional president-led political nexus triad in Korea and the bureaucracy-led political nexus triad in Japan. Then, this study examines how the differences in institutional contexts and governance structures shaped policy responses and policy outcomes of the two countries in managing the COVID-19 crisis. Points for practitioners •  Institutional and governance structure in a society are likely to affect policymaking processes as well as selection of policies among various policy alternatives. •  Government officials often need to refer to government capacity as well as citizens’ voluntary participation in resolving wicked policy problems like COVID-19. •  Policy decisions made by government officials affect policy outcomes while political environment and political leadership are equally important to policy effectiveness.

Poverty Alleviation by Education: Exploration and Experience from China – Analysis Based on China’s Policy of Poverty Alleviation by Education

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 959-973
Author(s):  
Mengshu Yong ◽  
Yuxin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Local Economic Development ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
Policy System ◽  
Policy Problems ◽  
Historical Periods

Improving the poor’s overall quality through education and promoting local economic development and social progress is an important way for China to alleviate poverty. At present, China has formed a policy system of poverty alleviation by education with its characteristics and has achieved remarkable results. This article first elaborates the definition and impact of poverty alleviation by education, and then through the use of literature review and other research methods, it combs the policies of China’s poverty alleviation by education in different historical periods. The aim is to summarize China’s poverty alleviation by education, analyze possible policy problems, and finally make constructive suggestions for its future development.

Puzzling and powering in the city: two case studies on collaborative research

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Duiveman
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Knowledge Development ◽  
Power Dynamics ◽  
Research Practices ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Living Labs ◽  
Urban Issues ◽  
Policy Problems ◽  
Collaborative Knowledge

Abstract Cities are turning to urban living labs and research consortia to co-create knowledge that can better enable them to address pervasive policy problems. Collaborations within such practices help researchers, officials and local stakeholders find new ways of dealing with urban issues and developing new relations with one another. Interestingly, success in the latter is often closely related to accomplishing the former. Besides of analysing this phenomenon in terms of learning—as is common—this paper also delves into the power dynamics involved in collaborative knowledge development. This perspective contributes to a better understanding of how puzzling and powering are simultaneously involved in making research relevant to policy-making. By presenting two collaborative research consortia in the Netherlands, we demonstrate how developing knowledge involves both re-structuring problems and the urban practices involved in governing such problems. Collaborative research practices are predominantly concerned with learning as long as restructuring the problem leads to research findings that are meaningful to all actors. Power becomes manifest when one actor insists on restructuring (often reproducing) problems in a manner judged unacceptable by others. Analysis of two case studies will show how the familiar three faces of power express themselves in collaborative knowledge development. It is recommended that these new practices also require methods for better orchestrating power besides a methodology for successful structuring learning through collaborative research practices.

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