Benefits and Costs of a Targeted Intervention Program for Youthful Offenders: The YouthBuild USA Offender Project

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 603-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Cohen ◽  
Alex R. Piquero
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Targeted Intervention ◽  
Criminal Offenders ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Benefits And Costs

This paper reports on a benefit-cost analysis of a targeted intervention program, the YouthBuild USA Offender Project (YBOP), aimed at low-income, criminal offenders who are 16–24 years old. Using data on 388 participants, we find: (1) evidence of reduced recidivism and improved educational outcomes that exceed our expectations based on similar cohorts and (2) evidence consistent with a positive benefit-cost ratio, indicating that every dollar spent on the YBOP is estimated to produce a return on investment between $7.20 and $21.60, with benefits to society ranging between $174,000 and $281,000 per participant at a cost to society between $13,000 and $24,000.

A Benefit-Cost Analysis of the Kings County District Attorney's Office Drug Treatment Alternative to Prison (DTAP) Program

2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary A. Zarkin ◽  
Laura J. Dunlap ◽  
Steven Belenko ◽  
Paul A. Dynia
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Treatment Alternative ◽  
Drug Offenders ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
Kings County ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Justice Process ◽  
Benefit Cost

In October 1990, the Kings County (Brooklyn, NY) District Attorney's Office implemented the Drug Treatment Alternative to Prison (DTAP) program to divert nonviolent felony drug offenders from prison to community-based residential drug treatment. This article presents an estimate of the costs and benefits of the DTAP program based on a cohort of DTAP participants and prison comparisons who entered treatment or prison in 1995–1996 and were tracked for 6 years. The analysis focuses on the criminal justice system (CJS) costs associated with criminal recidivism. Findings show that the DTAP program is cost-beneficial compared to the usual criminal justice process (benefit-cost ratio equals 2.17 after 6 years).

Who Gains from and who Pays for Channel Deepening?

2005 ◽  
Vol 1909 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Grigalunas ◽  
James J. Opaluch ◽  
Young Tae Chang
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
The State ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Net Benefits ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Benefits And Costs

Port dredging to accommodate larger vessels can create substantial national economic benefits. However, how affected individual states fare economically with dredging is often unclear and can be an important issue. The benefits and the costs to Delaware residents of dredging—with the recent proposed deepening of the Delaware Bay and River main federal channel as a case study—are examined. Benefits include ( a) lower transportation costs that residents might receive on imported goods, ( b) profits that residents would realize if cost savings (e.g., on refinery products) were not passed forward to Delaware users, ( c) project costs that residents would bear as federal taxpayers, and ( d) benefits that residents would realize if the use of dredged sediments for planned beach renourishment created savings to the state. Sensitivity analyses are used to reflect uncertainty in outcomes. The estimated net present value to Delaware today of all future annual quantifiable benefits and costs ranges between $15,528,393 and $14,195,700 over 50 years at 5.875%. Stated another way, the quantified net benefits for Delaware imply a benefit-cost ratio between 2.07 and 1.89. Hence, for every dollar of the $7.5 million that Delaware would pay as a nonfederal cosponsor, estimated quantifiable net benefits to the state are $2.07 to $1.89. Some benefit and cost estimates are vehemently debated between interested parties, and not all benefits and costs can be quantified.

scholarly journals Benefit Cost Analysis of Different Rice Varieties in Kapilvastu District, Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-226
Author(s):  
Sundar Sapkota ◽  
Sanjib Sapkota
Keyword(s):  
Rice Variety ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Benefit Cost

Rice is an annual plant belongs to family Poaceae. It is the major staple food crop of Nepal and can be grown from plain to mountainous regions of Nepal. The crop varieties differ from each other in terms of production cost, gross return and gross margin. The objective of this study was to analyze benefit cost ratio for production of different rice varieties. The study was carried out in Kapilvastu district of Nepal in 2018. A sample size of 120 respondents were selected randomly. Four different rice varieties: Gorakhnath, Radha-4, Ramdhan, and Sawa were used for the study. The primary data were collected through household survey using interview schedule. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences and Microsoft Excel. The average cost of production was amounted to NRs. 77,100/ha for all four rice varieties. Sawa variety had the highest gross return (NRs. 1,01,212.5/ha). The benefit cost ratio was observed highest for Sawa (1.312) and lowest for Radha-4 variety (1.005). Sawa is the most economic rice variety in terms of gross and net production in the study area. The findings will help farmers to choose and cultivate rice variety with greater profitability. It is recommended that concerned authorities should give emphasis on subsidies, farmers training and ensuring floor price of rice.  Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 7(2): 222-226

scholarly journals The Feasibility of a Land Ferry System to Reduce Highway Maintenance Cost and Associated Externalities

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve J. Merrill ◽  
Alexander Paz ◽  
Victor Molano ◽  
Pramen P. Shrestha ◽  
Pankaj Maheshwari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Construction Period ◽  
Pavement Maintenance ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Loading System ◽  
Heavy Loads ◽  
Benefit Cost

This study provides an economic evaluation for a Land Ferry, which is a rail system capable of carrying trucks and all other types of vehicles, passengers, and cargo. The Land Ferry system involves a sliding loading system to roll heavy loads onto a flatbed; as a result, loading and unloading of all vehicles and cargo could be accomplished simultaneously. The evaluation for this system included (1) the design of a new track alignment over which the Land Ferry system would run, (2) evaluation of various sources of power, (3) estimation of how many local jobs the Land Ferry would generate, and (4) a benefit-cost analysis. It was estimated that the Land Ferry would create over 45,788 temporary jobs in Nevada during the three-year construction period and 318 permanent jobs during operation. The majority of the benefits were attributed to savings in travel time ($356.4 M), vehicle operating costs ($1000.4 M), reduction of accidents ($544.6 M), and pavement maintenance ($503.2 M). These benefits would be a consequence of the shift of trucks from the highway, thus resulting in higher speeds, decrease fuel consumption, and decrease vehicle maintenance costs. The overall benefit-cost ratio of 1.7 implies a cost-effective project.

A Hybrid Approach Based on the Fuzzy AHP and Benefit Cost Analysis to Evaluating Cutting Blade Alternatives

2013 ◽  
Vol 364 ◽  
pp. 513-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Wei Xu ◽  
Jin Yao ◽  
Jun Li
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Fuzzy Ahp ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Manufacturing Cost ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Consumption Cost ◽  
Benefit Cost

The cutting blade selection has been important issue for manufacturing systems due to the fact that it might affect productivity, precision and manufacturing cost. It is a multiple-criteria decision making problem for evaluating blade alternatives. In this paper, the hybrid approach is discussed,which combined the fuzzy AHP and benefit cost analysis. An improved AHP method based on triangular fuzzy number is used to analyze the cutting performance of blade alternatives. It can make up for the deficiency in the conventional AHP. Furthermore, the benefit cost analysis is carried out to evaluate the economic performance of alternatives. The benefit cost ratio is calculated by using the fuzzy AHP score and tool consumption cost. Tool consumption cost is obtained in consideration of tool service life and procurement cost. The optimal blade alternative with highest benefit/cost ratio can be found out. In addition, the proposed approach is also illustrated on a sample case study.

Case Study of Benefit–Cost Analysis of an Intercity Passenger Rail Service

2017 ◽  
Vol 2608 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-85
Author(s):  
Francis E. Loetterle ◽  
Melanie Johnson ◽  
Charles Quandel ◽  
Carey Barr ◽  
Andrew Komendantov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Project Assessment ◽  
Passenger Rail ◽  
Target Field ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Rail Service

The economic assessment of transportation projects is evolving from a reliance on user benefits (travel time, cost, or safety) to encompass a wider spectrum of potential benefits, fostered by advances in economics and recognition that different project modes deliver different portfolios of benefits. Sponsors develop projects to address specific problems in their communities. This progression in how investments are evaluated opens the door for projects whose outcomes span a variety of benefit categories rather than concentrating on traditional user benefits and permits an improved intermodal comparison of candidate investments. Transit and intercity rail projects are particular beneficiaries of the broader project assessment approach. This paper presents a case study of how a comprehensive approach to project assessment was applied to the Northern Lights Express project that would reintroduce passenger rail service between the cities of Minneapolis and Duluth, Minnesota, the state's largest economies. Owned and operated by BNSF Railway, Amtrak's service in the corridor ended in 1985. Six stations are planned: Target Field in Minneapolis; stations in Coon Rapids, Cambridge, and Hinckley, Minnesota; a station in Superior, Wisconsin; and Union Depot in Duluth. The goal for the analysis was threefold: ( a) to confirm that the investment would yield a positive return; ( b) to communicate with partners, stakeholders, and the public about the project's expected outcomes; and ( c) to contribute to the selection of an alternative. The benefit–cost ratio was estimated for eight alternatives that varied by physical alignment and service plan.

scholarly journals Profitability of semi-intensive and intensive egg production in South-West and South-South zones of Nigeria.

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-127
Author(s):  
V. O. Okoruwa ◽  
A. E. Obuyelu ◽  
O. Ikoyo-Eweto
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Net Income ◽  
The South ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Budget Analysis ◽  
South West ◽  
Poultry Farmers ◽  
Benefit Cost

The paper examines the profitability of two improved poultry systems (semi-intensive and intensive egg production system)i in the South-West and South-South zones of Nigeria using descriptive statistics, farm budget analysis approach and the benefit-cost analysis. The data for the study were ob­tained through a multi-stage sapling approach from 70 poultry farmers selected from four states (Edo and Delta in South-South; Lagos and Oyo in the South -West) in the study area. Empirical evidence from the analysis shows that the poultry farmers are predominantly male and mostly single. A greater proportion (80%) of them fell between the ages of 31-50 years and had a least secondary school education. Majority of the farmers (86%) used black nera breed because of its high productiv­ity, resistance to diseases and environmental stress and good quality carcass when disposed as spent layer The study further reveals that differences exist in profitability between the two groups of poultry farmers as the net income of farmers using the battery cage system was about 1.8 times the net income of farmers using deep litter system. However; the benefit-cost ratio indicates that both group of farmers are making profit since the benefit-cast ratio of their poultry business exceed one.

Economic analysis of an areawide program for biological control of the alfalfa weevil

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 173-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. White ◽  
P.G. Allen ◽  
L.J. Moffitt ◽  
P.P. Kingsley
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Biological Pest Control ◽  
Alfalfa Weevil ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
Benefit Cost

AbstractAn areawide program for biological control of the alfalfa weevil showed expected economic benefits of $2.2 billion, expressed in present value terms. Alfalfa producers and consumers of livestock products are the main beneficiaries. The control program was highly successful, with a benefit/cost ratio of about 91. Not all areawide biological pest control programs will be as successful; a benefit-cost analysis like the one described here should be performed before areawide control is initiated to identify programs expected to provide economic benefits.

scholarly journals Benefit–Cost Analysis of Undergraduate Education Programs: An Example Analysis of the Freshman Research Initiative

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. rm1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca L. Walcott ◽  
Phaedra S. Corso ◽  
Stacia E. Rodenbusch ◽  
Erin L. Dolan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Education Program ◽  
Undergraduate Education ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Research Initiative ◽  
Benefit Cost

Institutions and administrators regularly have to make difficult choices about how best to invest resources to serve students. Yet economic evaluation, or the systematic analysis of the relationship between costs and outcomes of a program or policy, is relatively uncommon in higher education. This type of evaluation can be an important tool for decision makers considering questions of resource allocation. Our purpose with this essay is to describe methods for conducting one type of economic evaluation, a benefit–cost analysis (BCA), using an example of an existing undergraduate education program, the Freshman Research Initiative (FRI) at the University of Texas Austin. Our aim is twofold: to demonstrate how to apply BCA methodologies to evaluate an education program and to conduct an economic evaluation of FRI in particular. We explain the steps of BCA, including assessment of costs and benefits, estimation of the benefit–cost ratio, and analysis of uncertainty. We conclude that the university’s investment in FRI generates a positive return for students in the form of increased future earning potential.

scholarly journals The Merits of Universal Scholarships: Benefit-Cost Evidence from the Kalamazoo Promise

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 400-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Bartik ◽  
Brad Hershbein ◽  
Marta Lachowska
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
Kalamazoo Promise ◽  
Heterogeneous Effects ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Benefits And Costs

As higher education costs rise, many communities have begun to adopt their own financial aid strategy: place-based scholarships for students graduating from the local school district. In this paper, we examine the benefits and costs of the Kalamazoo Promise, one of the more universal and more generous place-based scholarships. Building upon estimates of the program’s heterogeneous effects on degree attainment, scholarship cost data, and projections of future earnings by education, we examine the Promise’s benefit-cost ratios for students differentiated by income, race, and gender. Although the average rate of return of the program is 11%, rates of return vary greatly by group. The Promise has high returns for both low-income and non-low-income groups, for non-Whites, and for women, while benefit assumptions matter more for Whites and men. Our results show that universal scholarships can reach many students and have a high rate of return, particularly for places with a high percentage of African American students. They also highlight the importance of disaggregating benefits and costs by subgroup when performing benefit-cost analysis when the treatment is heterogeneous.

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