Role of Soil Chemistry in Soil Remediation and Ecosystem Conservation

2015 ◽  
pp. 361-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domy C. Adriano ◽  
Anna Chlopecka ◽  
Daniel I. Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Soil Remediation ◽  
Soil Chemistry ◽  
Ecosystem Conservation

Can unmixed complex forming polymer surfactant formulations be injected into oil reservoirs or aquifers without clogging them?

Soft Matter ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massinissa Hamouna ◽  
Aline Delbos ◽  
Christine Dalmazonne ◽  
Annie Colin
Keyword(s):  
Enhanced Oil Recovery ◽  
Soil Remediation ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Reservoirs ◽  
Polymer Surfactant

In the context of enhanced oil recovery or soil remediation, we study the role of interactions between polymers and surfactants on the injectivity of formulations containing mixtures of polymers and...

RAIN Project: Results after 8 Years of Experimentally Reduced Acid Deposition to a Whole Catchment

1993 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard F. Wright ◽  
Erik Lotse ◽  
Arne Semb
Keyword(s):  
Acid Deposition ◽  
Soil Chemistry ◽  
Nitrogen Saturation ◽  
Base Cations ◽  
Strong Acid ◽  
Catchment Scale ◽  
Exclusion Experiment ◽  
Surface Water Chemistry ◽  
Southern Norway

At Risdalsheia (southern Norway), an ongoing catchment-scale acid-exclusion experiment has been conducted since 1984 as part of the RAIN project (Reversing Acidification In Norway). Acid precipitation is collected on a 1200-m2 transparent roof, treated by ion exchange, sea salts readded, and reapplied as clean rain beneath the roof Up to 1990 annual surveys of soil chemistry have revealed no significant trends. The chemical composition of runoff has changed: sulfate decreased from about 111 μeq/L in 1984 to 38 μeq/L in 1992 and nitrate from about 33 to 5 μeq/L. Base cations decreased and alkalinity increased over the 8-yr period from −88 to −29 μeq/L to compensate for this change in strong acid anions. Much of the alkalinity change is due to the increased role of organic anions. The results fit an empirical nomograph relating alkalinity, base cations, and strong acid anions and a new empirical nomograph relating alkalinity, H+, and total organic carbon. The acid-exclusion experiment provides the first catchment-scale evidence for the reversibility of nitrogen saturation; RAIN results corroborate field observations of changes in surface water chemistry in response to reduced acid deposition as well as process-oriented, conceptual acidification models.

scholarly journals Life in Science and the Science of Life by Aleksandr Shmuk

2020 ◽  
pp. 94-98
Author(s):  
П.Н. Харченко
Keyword(s):  
Soil Chemistry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Full Member ◽  
Economic Transformations ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Union Institute ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Рецензируется книга доктора биологических наук, академика РАН А.Х. Шеуджена и доктора исторических наук А.Н. Еремеевой, посвященная жизни и творчеству известного советского агрохимика и биохимика, академика ВАСХНИЛ Александра Александровича Шмука (1886–1945). Анализ отечественной и зарубежной литературы, научных и общественно-политических периодических изданий первой половины ХХ века, материалов девяти центральных и региональных архивов позволил авторам произвести реконструкцию биографии ученого, рассмотреть ее в контексте политических и экономических трансформаций в обществе. The reviewed book by A.N. Eremeeva, Dr. Sci. (History), and by A.Kh. Sheudzhen, Dr. Sci. (Biology), academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, is devoted to the life and scientific work of Aleksandr Shmuk (1886–1945), the famous Soviet agrochemist and biochemist, full member of the All-Union Academy of Agricultural Sciences named after V. I. Lenin. The analysis of Russian and foreign literature, scientific and sociopolitical periodicals of the first half of the twentieth century, documents from nine central and regional archives allowed the authors to reconstruct the biography of the scientist and consider it in the context of sociopolitical and economic transformations. The authors describe in detail Shmuk’s way to science in the New Alexandria and Moscow Agricultural Institutes, and note the role of his teachers in choosing a scientific specialization. Special attention is paid to the period in Krasnodar, where Shmuk realized himself as an internationally renowned scientist and an organizer of science (he headed the All-Union Institute of Tobacco) and education (as the founder and head of the Department of Agrochemistry of the Kuban Institute of Agriculture). The authors describe in detail Shmuk’s works on the chemical composition of tobacco, soil chemistry, and methods of agrochemical research. They note that the methods of obtaining nicotine, citric and malic acids from raw materials, which were developed by Schmuk and provided import substitution, were strategically important for the Soviet state in the pre-war period and especially during the years of the Great Patriotic War.

scholarly journals The role of soil chemistry and soil physics in protecting soil quality: variability of sorption and transport of cadmium as an example.

1987 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.A.M. de Haan ◽  
S.E.A.T.M. van der Zee ◽  
W.H. van Riemsdijk
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Soil Chemistry ◽  
Chemical Quality ◽  
Soil Physics ◽  
Soil System ◽  
Soil Functioning ◽  
Adsorptive Equilibrium

Soil has many functions in sustaining life. The prerequisite conditions for proper soil functioning may be expessed in terms of quality. Chemical quality of soil is predominantly determined by behaviour of compounds in soil. Compound behaviour is the result of the interactions of properties of the compounds and of the soil system under consideration. These can satisfactorily be described by applying methodical rules as derived in soil chemistry and soil physics. This is elaborated with examples referring to the static situation prevailing at adsorptive equilibrium, and to the dynamic situation of compound displacement in soil. The variability of soil properties appears to be of major concern. In these examples, attention is limited to the behaviour of cadmium in soil. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

scholarly journals The Role of Soil pH in Plant Nutrition and Soil Remediation

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dora Neina
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Remediation ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Acidification ◽  
Plant Nutrition ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Biogeochemical Processes ◽  
Soil Environment

In the natural environment, soil pH has an enormous influence on soil biogeochemical processes. Soil pH is, therefore, described as the “master soil variable” that influences myriads of soil biological, chemical, and physical properties and processes that affect plant growth and biomass yield. This paper discusses how soil pH affects processes that are interlinked with the biological, geological, and chemical aspects of the soil environment as well as how these processes, through anthropogenic interventions, induce changes in soil pH. Unlike traditional discussions on the various causes of soil pH, particularly soil acidification, this paper focuses on relationships and effects as far as soil biogeochemistry is concerned. Firstly, the effects of soil pH on substance availability, mobility, and soil biological processes are discussed followed by the biogenic regulation of soil pH. It is concluded that soil pH can broadly be applied in two broad areas, i.e., nutrient cycling and plant nutrition and soil remediation (bioremediation and physicochemical remediation).

scholarly journals The role of soil chemistry and plant neighbourhoods in structuring fungal communities in three Panamanian rainforests

2017 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 569-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler Schappe ◽  
Felipe E. Albornoz ◽  
Benjamin L. Turner ◽  
Abigail Neat ◽  
Richard Condit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Chemistry ◽  
Fungal Communities

scholarly journals The role of soils in habitat creation, maintenance and restoration

2021 ◽  
Vol 376 (1834) ◽  
pp. 20200170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerlinde B. De Deyn ◽  
Lammert Kooistra
Keyword(s):  
Soil Chemistry ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Habitat Creation ◽  
Diversity Of Life

Soils are the fundament of terrestrial ecosystems. Across the globe we find different soil types with different properties resulting from the interacting soil forming factors: parent material, climate, topography, organisms and time. Here we present the role of soils in habitat formation and maintenance in natural systems, and reflect on how humans have modified soils from local to global scale. Soils host a tremendous diversity of life forms, most of them microscopic in size. We do not yet know all the functionalities of this diversity at the level of individual taxa or through their interactions. However, we do know that the interactions and feedbacks between soil life, plants and soil chemistry and physics are essential for soil and habitat formation, maintenance and restoration. Moreover, the couplings between soils and major cycles of carbon, nutrients and water are essential for supporting the production of food, feed and fibre, drinking water and greenhouse gas balances. Soils take thousands of years to form, yet are lost very quickly through a multitude of stressors. The current status of our soils globally is worrisome, yet with concerted action we can bend the curve and create win–wins of soil and habitat conservation, regeneration and sustainable development. This article is part of the theme issue ‘The role of soils in delivering Nature's Contributions to People’.

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