Standardized Methods, Sampling, and Sample Pretreatment

2015 ◽  
pp. 107-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard P. Dick ◽  
David R. Thomas ◽  
Jonathan J. Halvorson
Keyword(s):  
Sample Pretreatment

scholarly journals Urine lipoarabinomannan in HIV uninfected, smear negative, symptomatic TB patients: effective sample pretreatment for a sensitive immunoassay and mass spectrometry

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita G. Amin ◽  
Prithwiraj De ◽  
Barbara Graham ◽  
Roger I. Calderon ◽  
Molly F. Franke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Sample Pretreatment ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Proteinase K ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Smear Negative ◽  
Tuberculostearic Acid ◽  
Negative Sputum ◽  
Adult Culture

AbstractOur study sought to determine whether urine lipoarabinomannan (LAM) could be validated in a sample cohort that consisted mainly of HIV uninfected individuals that presented with tuberculosis symptoms. We evaluated two tests developed in our laboratory, and used them on clinical samples from Lima, Peru where incidence of HIV is low. ELISA analysis was performed on 160 samples (from 140 adult culture-confirmed TB cases and 20 symptomatic TB-negative child controls) using 100 μL of urine after pretreatment with Proteinase K. Two different mouse monoclonal antibodies-CS35 and CHCS9-08 were used individually for capture of urine LAM. Among cases, optical density (OD450) values had a positive association with higher bacillary loads. The 20 controls had negative values (below the limit of detection). The assay correctly identified all samples (97–100% accuracy confidence interval). For an alternate validation of the ELISA results, we analyzed all 160 urine samples using an antibody independent chemoanalytical approach. Samples were called positive only when LAM surrogates—tuberculostearic acid (TBSA) and d-arabinose (d-ara)—were found to be present in similar amounts. All TB cases, including the 40 with a negative sputum smear had LAM in detectable quantities in urine. None of the controls had detectable amounts of LAM. Our study shows that urinary LAM detection is feasible in HIV uninfected, smear negative TB patients.

Applying Probe Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry to Cytological Diagnosis: A Preliminary Study by Using Cultured Lung Cancer Cells

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Yuki Morimoto ◽  
Takeshi Oya ◽  
Mayuko Ichimura-Shimizu ◽  
Minoru Matsumoto ◽  
Hirohisa Ogawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Electrospray Ionization ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Sample Pretreatment ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Diagnostic Modality ◽  
Probe Electrospray Ionization

<b><i>Objectives:</i></b> Cytology and histology are 2 indispensable diagnostic tools for cancer diagnosis, which are rapidly increasing in importance with aging populations. We applied mass spectrometry (MS) as a rapid approach for swiftly acquiring nonmorphological information of interested cells. Conventional MS, which primarily rely on promoting ionization by pre-applying a matrix to cells, has the drawback of time-consuming both on data acquisition and analysis. As an emerging method, probe electrospray ionization-MS (PESI-MS) with a dedicated probe is capable to pierce sample and measure specimen in small amounts, either liquid or solid, without the requirement for sample pretreatment. Furthermore, PESI-MS is timesaving compared to the conventional MS. Herein, we investigated the capability of PESI-MS to characterize the cell types derived from the respiratory tract of human tissues. <b><i>Study Design:</i></b> PESI-MS analyses with DPiMS-2020 were performed on various type of cultured cells including 5 lung squamous cell carcinomas, 5 lung adenocarcinomas, 5 small-cell carcinomas, 4 malignant mesotheliomas, and 2 normal controls. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Several characteristic peaks were detected at around m/z 200 and 800 that were common in all samples. As expected, partial least squares-discriminant analysis of PESI-MS data distinguished the cancer cell types from normal control cells. Moreover, distinct clusters divided squamous cell carcinoma from adenocarcinoma. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> PESI-MS presented a promising potential as a novel diagnostic modality for swiftly acquiring specific cytological information.

Sample pretreatment to differentiate between bioconcentration and atmospheric deposition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in mosses

Chemosphere ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
pp. 295-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julen Bustamante ◽  
Olaia Liñero ◽  
Iker Arrizabalaga ◽  
Jose Antonio Carrero ◽  
Gorka Arana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Atmospheric Deposition ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Sample Pretreatment ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Sample pretreatment techniques for the bioanalysis of peptides

1992 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 37-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger C. Causon ◽  
Robert D. McDowall
Keyword(s):  
Sample Pretreatment

Microfluidic Systems Integrated With a Sample Pretreatment Device for Fast Nucleic-Acid Amplification

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kang-Yi Lien ◽  
Wang-Ying Lin ◽  
Yu-Fang Lee ◽  
Chih-Hao Wang ◽  
Huan-Yao Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Sample Pretreatment ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Microfluidic Systems

scholarly journals Simultaneous determination of iron and copper in children's sera by FAAS

2011 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svjetlana Luterotti ◽  
Tončica Kordić ◽  
Slavica Dodig
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Sample Pretreatment ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Design Experiment ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Reference Methods ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrometric

Simultaneous determination of iron and copper in children's sera by FAASA new and simple flame atomic-absorption spectrometric (FAAS) method is proposed for simultaneous determination of iron and copper in children's sera. It is based on single-step sample pretreatment (deproteinization with 3 mol L-1HCl, ratio 1:1) and single-step calibration using 1.5 mol L-1HCl standard. During method's optimization a short multifactorial design experiment was used. The proposed method assures accuracy, sensitivity and precision comparable to that of the reference methods. The new approach is simple and time-, labour- and serum-saving, the latter being especially important in pediatric diagnostics.

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