Are Soil Mineralizable Nitrogen Pools Replenished during the Growing Season in Agricultural Soils?

2013 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 512-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacynthe Dessureault-Rompré ◽  
Bernie J. Zebarth ◽  
David L. Burton ◽  
Edward G. Gregorich ◽  
Claudia Goyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Nitrogen Pools ◽  
Mineralizable Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Mineralizable Nitrogen

scholarly journals Measuring the Labile and Recalcitrant Pools of Carbon and Nitrogen in Forested and Agricultural Soils: A Study under Tropical Conditions

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 544
Author(s):  
Risely Ferraz de Almeida ◽  
Joseph Elias Rodrigues Mikhael ◽  
Fernando Oliveira Franco ◽  
Luna Monique Fonseca Santana ◽  
Beno Wendling
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Environmental Stability ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Human Intervention ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Pools ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Recalcitrant Carbon ◽  
The Impact

Soil organic carbon and nitrogen can be divided into labile and recalcitrant pools according to the time it takes to be cycled. The way in which carbon and nitrogen pools are cycled and distributed between labile and recalcitrant pools can directly relate to soil quality. This paper tested the hypothesis that labile and recalcitrant pools of carbon and nitrogen vary between agricultural soils with different species and fertilization management systems (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium need) under tropical conditions. This study aimed to examine the impact of land-uses on stocks and losses of carbon and nitrogen under tropical conditions. We explored labile (soil microbial biomass and labile carbon) and recalcitrant carbon pools (humin, humic acid, and fulvic acid) in forested and agricultural soils, defined as latosol (forest, fertilized pasture, and unfertilized pasture) and cambisol (forest, coast pasture, sugarcane, and silage corn). Forested soil was used as an appropriate use to soil conservation in tropical that presents levels adequate of carbon and nitrogen stocks and biological condition in soil. Results showed that pools of labile and recalcitrant carbon are different on soil layers and the use of soil. Forest use in cambisol and latosol promoted higher labile and recalcitrant pools of carbon and nitrogen due to the greater environmental stability without human intervention. On the other hand, human intervention occurred in fertilized pasture and coast pasture; however, both uses presented similar recalcitrant carbon and nitrogen pools when compared to forested soil on the soil surface due to fertilizer uses and the high volume of the grass root system. Overall, our findings reveal that under tropical conditions, agriculture and forested soil can present similar recalcitrant pools of carbon and nitrogen if agricultural soils are associated with the appropriate fertilizer management. Pasture with adequate fertilization management systems can be used as an alternative to recover degraded areas with low levels of recalcitrant carbon and nitrogen pools.

scholarly journals Spring Precipitation Deficiency in Poland and Its Temporal and Spatial Variability in the Context of Agricultural Needs

Agronomy ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Robert Kalbarczyk ◽  
Eliza Kalbarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Monthly Precipitation ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Spring Precipitation ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Variability

Deficient precipitation (dPr) in the growing season, especially in critical periods, affects plant condition and determines the quality and quantity of obtained yields. Knowledge about the variability and distribution of dPr is essential to mitigate its effect on agricultural soils and on crop and livestock production. The goal of the work is to determine the spatial and temporal distribution of spring precipitation deficiency and also to indicate the zones of risk and variability of its occurrence in Poland. It was assumed that dPr occurred when total monthly precipitation in a given year accounted for ≤75% of the total multi-year mean (1951–2018). In the spring season, the multi-year mean of the area covered by deficient precipitation (ACDP) amounted to 33% and fluctuated between approximately 31% in May and approximately 35% in March. The study distinguished four zones in Poland that vary in terms of the risk and variability of spring precipitation deficiency. The obtained results may be used, for example, to assess the needs for irrigation in the changing climate conditions, to model the growing season and yields of cultivated plants, and to select adaptation measures for agriculture in response to climate change.

Non-growing season nitrous oxide fluxes from an agricultural soil as affected by application of liquid and composted swine manure

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumudinie A. Kariyapperuma ◽  
Adriana Furon ◽  
Claudia Wagner-Riddle
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Stratospheric Ozone ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Soil Freezing ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Soil N

Kariyapperuma, K. A., Furon, A. and Wagner-Riddle, C. 2012. Non-growing season nitrous oxide fluxes from an agricultural soil as affected by application of liquid and composted swine manure. Can. J. Soil Sci. 92: 315–327. Agricultural soils have been recognized as a significant source of anthropogenic nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, an important greenhouse gas and contributor to stratospheric ozone destruction. Application of liquid swine manure (LSM) has been reported to increase direct N2O emissions from agricultural soils. Composting of LSM with straw under forced aeration has been suggested as a mitigation practice for emissions of N2O. In cold climates, up to 70% of total annual soil N2O emissions have been observed during winter and spring thaw. Non-growing season soil N2O emissions after field application of composted swine manure (CSM) versus LSM have not been directly compared in past studies. A 2-yr field experiment was conducted at the Arkell Research Station, Ontario, Canada, as a part of a larger study to evaluate composting as a mitigation strategy for greenhouse gases (GHGs). The objectives were to quantify and compare non-growing season N2O fluxes from agricultural soils after fall application of LSM and CSM. Nitrous oxide fluxes were measured using the flux-gradient method. Compared with LSM, CSM resulted in 57% reduction of soil N2O emissions during February to April in 2005, but emissions during the same period in 2006 were not affected by treatments. This effect was related to fall and winter weather conditions with the significant reduction occurring in the year when soil freezing was more pronounced. Compared with LSM, CSM resulted in a reduction of 37% (CO2-eq) of estimated N2O emissions per liter of treated manure and of 50% in the emission factor for the non-growing season.

Ectomycorrhizal fungal communities and soil chemistry in harvested and unharvested temperate Nothofagus rainforests

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1069-1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.A. Dickie ◽  
S.J. Richardson ◽  
S.K. Wiser
Keyword(s):  
Soil Chemistry ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Organic Soil ◽  
Timber Harvesting ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Mineralizable Nitrogen ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Soil Mineralizable Nitrogen ◽  
Degree Of Similarity

The composition of ectomycorrhizal (EcM) fungal communities in Nothofagus rainforests and the responses of the fungal communities to timber harvesting have been unknown. We investigated EcM communities in two sites, 9 to 11 years after timber harvesting, and tested whether changes in the communities were driven by soil chemistry. The fungal communities in both sites were highly diverse, yet 53 out of 140 distinct terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) patterns were shared between the sites. At both sites, timber harvesting reduced the presence of EcM roots and caused shifts in the fungal community in the organic soil horizons. At one site, Laccaria spp. increased in harvested areas, which partially correlated with an increase in soil mineralizable nitrogen. The other site showed a decreased abundance of Russula sp. (cf. R. purpureotincta , R. roseostipitata ) in harvested areas, which correlated with declines in soil carbon and organic horizon depth, and a decline in the abundance of rare species at the edge of harvested areas, which was related to inorganic phosphorus. The results show that EcM fungal communities in Nothofagus temperate rainforest are highly diverse at the local scale, yet have a high degree of similarity across sites. These communities are directly affected by timber harvesting and by shifts in soil chemistry following timber harvesting.

Long-Term Effects of Semisolid Beef Manure Application to Forage Grass on Soil Mineralizable Nitrogen

2011 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 649-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Sharifi ◽  
Bernie J. Zebarth ◽  
David L. Burton ◽  
Vernon Rodd ◽  
Cynthia A. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Forage Grass ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Manure Application ◽  
Mineralizable Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Mineralizable Nitrogen

Estimating Soil Mineralizable Nitrogen under Different Management Practices

2006 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 1522-1531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maysson M. Mikha ◽  
Charles W. Rice ◽  
Joseph G. Benjamin
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Mineralizable Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Mineralizable Nitrogen

scholarly journals Viromes outperform total metagenomes in revealing the spatiotemporal patterns of agricultural soil viral communities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Santos-Medellin ◽  
Laura A. Zinke ◽  
Anneliek M. ter Horst ◽  
Danielle L. Gelardi ◽  
Sanjai J. Parikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Size Fraction ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Soil Heterogeneity ◽  
Decay Rates ◽  
Spatial Gradient ◽  
Microbial Community Dynamics ◽  
Viral Communities

AbstractViruses are abundant yet understudied members of soil environments that influence terrestrial biogeochemical cycles. Here, we characterized the dsDNA viral diversity in biochar-amended agricultural soils at the preplanting and harvesting stages of a tomato growing season via paired total metagenomes and viral size fraction metagenomes (viromes). Size fractionation prior to DNA extraction reduced sources of nonviral DNA in viromes, enabling the recovery of a vaster richness of viral populations (vOTUs), greater viral taxonomic diversity, broader range of predicted hosts, and better access to the rare virosphere, relative to total metagenomes, which tended to recover only the most persistent and abundant vOTUs. Of 2961 detected vOTUs, 2684 were recovered exclusively from viromes, while only three were recovered from total metagenomes alone. Both viral and microbial communities differed significantly over time, suggesting a coupled response to rhizosphere recruitment processes and/or nitrogen amendments. Viral communities alone were also structured along an 18 m spatial gradient. Overall, our results highlight the utility of soil viromics and reveal similarities between viral and microbial community dynamics throughout the tomato growing season yet suggest a partial decoupling of the processes driving their spatial distributions, potentially due to differences in dispersal, decay rates, and/or sensitivities to soil heterogeneity.

CH4 fluxes and soil CH4 concentration following application of pig slurry for the 19th consecutive year

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Rochette ◽  
Denis Côté
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Short Duration ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Methane Concentration ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Static Chamber ◽  
Ch4 Concentration

Agricultural soils often receive annual manure applications over long periods. The objective of this study was to describe the temporal variations of CH4 fluxes during the growing season in an agricultural soil receiving pig slurry for the 19th consecutive year. In mineral-fertilized control plots, CH4 fluxes were small and negative (uptake) during the experiment. Fluxes were also negative in the manured plots except during the first 4 d following slurry application when net emissions were measured. Despite their short duration, these post-application emissions were almost equivalent to the amount of CH4 taken up by these soils during the rest of the snow-free season. Key words: Geenhouse gases, static chamber, methane concentration in soils

Soil mineralizable nitrogen and soil nitrogen supply under two-year potato rotations

2009 ◽  
Vol 320 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 267-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sharifi ◽  
B. J. Zebarth ◽  
G. A. Porter ◽  
D. L. Burton ◽  
C. A. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Supply ◽  
Mineralizable Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Mineralizable Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Nitrogen Supply
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