Nitrogen Source, Application Time, and Tillage Effects on Soil Nitrous Oxide Emissions and Corn Grain Yields

2012 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 1268-1279 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. Drury ◽  
W. D. Reynolds ◽  
X. M. Yang ◽  
N. B. McLaughlin ◽  
T. W. Welacky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
Application Time ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Corn Grain

Nitrogen Source Effects on Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Irrigated No-Till Corn

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 1554-1562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ardell D. Halvorson ◽  
Stephen J. Del Grosso ◽  
Francesco Alluvione
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
Source Effects ◽  
No Till

Influence of fertilizer nitrogen source and management practice on N2O emissions from two Black Chernozemic soils

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
D L Burton ◽  
Xinhui Li ◽  
C A Grant
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Fertilizer Nitrogen ◽  
Anhydrous Ammonia ◽  
Time Of Application

Fertilizer nitrogen use is estimated to be a significant source of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in western Canada. These estimates are based primarily on modeled data, as there are relatively few studies that provide direct measures of the magnitude of N2O emissions and the influence of N source on N2O emissions. This study examined the influence of nitrogen source (urea, coated urea, urea with urease inhibitor, and anhydrous ammonia), time of application (spring, fall) and method of application (broadcast, banded) on nitrous oxide emissions on two Black Chernozemic soils located near Winnipeg and Brandon Manitoba. The results of this 3-yr study demonstrated consistently that the rate of fertilizer-induced N2O emissions under Manitoba conditions was lower than the emissions estimated using Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) coefficients. The Winnipeg site tended to have higher overall N2O emissions (1.7 kg N ha-1) and fertilizer-induced emissions (~0.8% of applied N) than did the Brandon site (0.5 kg N ha-1), representing ~0.2% of applied N. N2O emissions in the first year of the study were much higher than in subsequent years. Both the site and year effects likely reflected differences in annual precipitation. The N2O emissions associated with the use of anhydrous ammonia as a fertilizer source were no greater than emissions with urea. Fall application of nitrogen fertilizer tended to result in marginally greater N2O emissions than did spring application, but these differences were neither large nor consistent. Key words: Nitrogen fertilizer, nitrous oxide emissions, nitrate intensity, anhydrous ammonia, urea

Nitrogen application rate, timing and history effects on nitrous oxide emissions from corn (Zea maysL.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 563-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal K. Roy ◽  
Claudia Wagner-Riddle ◽  
Bill Deen ◽  
John Lauzon ◽  
Tom Bruulsema
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
N Application ◽  
History Effects ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nitrogen Application Rate ◽  
Corn Grain

Roy, A. K., Wagner-Riddle, C., Deen, B., Lauzon, J. and Bruulsema, T. 2014. Nitrogen application rate, timing and history effects on nitrous oxide emissions from corn (Zea mays L.). Can. J. Soil Sci. 94: 563–573. Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions resulting from application of nitrogen (N) fertilizer contribute to the greenhouse gas footprint of corn production. In eastern Canada, corn is a major crop with most N fertilizer applied pre- or at planting. This timing of application results in a lack of synchrony of soil N supply and crop N demand. Matching the amount and timing of application to crop uptake has been suggested as a mitigation measure to reduce N losses, and is an integral part of the 4R Nutrient Stewardship program. This study examined the effect of timing, rate and history of urea-ammonium nitrate application on N2O emissions in corn in 2011 and 2012 at Elora, ON, Canada. Treatments were three N rates (30, 145 and 218 kg N ha−1); two timings (N injected in mid-row at planting and at the 8th leaf stage, V8); two histories (short-term: applying N rate treatments on plots that had received 145 kg N ha−1in the previous year, and long-term: applying the same N rate to a given plot over the duration of the trial). N2O emissions were measured using static chambers. History of N application did not have an effect on N2O emissions or grain yield. In both years, cumulative N2O emissions during the growing season and corn yields increased significantly with increasing N application rates. In 2011, cumulative N2O emissions were significantly lower when N was applied as side-dress at V8 (0.88 kg N ha−1) compared with planting (2.12 kg N ha−1), with no significant impact on corn grain yield (average 9.1 Mg ha−1). In contrast, in 2012, limited rainfall reduced both N2O emissions and corn grain yield, and neither N2O emission (average 0.17 kg N ha−1) nor grain yield (average 6.7 Mg ha−1) was affected by timing of N application. Applying N as side-dress at V8 instead of at planting and using the recommended N rate were shown to be effective N2O emission mitigation practices without affecting corn yield during a typical wet spring in Ontario.

Nitrogen Source Effects on Soil Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Strip-Till Corn

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 1775-1786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ardell D. Halvorson ◽  
Stephen J. Del Grosso ◽  
Claudia Pozzi Jantalia
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
Source Effects

Influence of compost source on corn grain yields, nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions in southwestern Ontario

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. Drury ◽  
W. D. Reynolds ◽  
X. M. Yang ◽  
C. S. Tan ◽  
X. Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Compost Application ◽  
Corn Grain

Drury, C. F., Reynolds, W. D., Yang, X. M., Tan, C. S., Guo, X., McKenney, D. J., Fleming, R. and Denholme, K. 2014. Influence of compost source on corn grain yields, nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions in southwestern Ontario. Can. J. Soil Sci. 94: 347–355. The impacts of compost type on corn grain yields over 10 yr and N2O and CO2 emissions in the first 3 yr after compost application were evaluated on a Brookston clay loam soil in Woodslee, ON. The treatments included yard waste compost (YWC), kitchen food waste compost (FWC), and pig manure compost (PMC), which were applied once in the fall of 1998 to field plots at a rate of 75 Mg ha−1 (dry weight basis) and no further applications occurred thereafter as well as a fertilized control treatment. Large application rates were examined to see if the various compost sources could have a lasting effect on soil C storage, N2O and CO2 emissions and corn yields. Compost application significantly increased corn grain yields by 12.9 to 19.4% over 3 yr. However, after 10 yr, FWC was the only compost source which significantly increased yields by 11.3% compared with the fertilized control. Emissions of N2O and CO2 varied with compost type, soil water content and time. Greater N2O emissions occurred in 1999 from PMC (5.4 kg N ha−1) than YWC (2.7 kg N ha−1) and FWC (1.3 kg N ha−1); however, the N2O emissions from the PMC were less than from YWC and FWC in 2001. The 3-yr average N2O emissions were significantly greater with PMC (2.7 kg N ha−1) and YWC (2.5 kg N ha−1) compared with the control (1.5 kg N ha−1). Hence, the timing of N2O emissions varied by compost type, but the overall losses were similar as the higher N2O losses in the first year with PMC were offset by the reduced losses with PMC in the third year. Significantly more CO2 was produced from the FWC in 2000 and from PMC in 2001 than the control.

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