Soil-Dwelling Termites in the Southwest Region of the Ivory Coast

Area studies have undergone significant changes over the last two decades. They have been transformed from mostly descriptive accounts in the international context of the Cold War to theory-oriented and methodological analytical approaches. More recent comparative methods such as “Qualitative Comparative Analysis” (QCA) and related approaches, which are particularly suitable for medium N studies, have significantly contributed to this development. This essay discusses the epistemological background of this approach as well as recent developments. It provides two examples of current “cross area studies,” one concerned with successful democratic transformations across four regions (Africa, Eastern Europe, Latin America, and East Asia), the other with political participation in marginalized settlements in four countries (Brazil, Chile, Ivory Coast, Kenya) in a multilevel analysis. The conclusion points to the theoretical promises of this approach and its practical-political relevance.

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Case Evidence: Conflict Trajectories in Indonesia, Ivory Coast, and Syria

10.1093/oso/9780190699512.003.0006 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Jaroslav Tir ◽

Johannes Karreth

Keyword(s):

Civil War ◽

Ivory Coast ◽

Armed Conflicts ◽

East Timor ◽

Intergovernmental Organizations ◽

Crisis Resolution ◽

Low Level ◽

Qualitative Evidence ◽

The Government

Two low-level armed conflicts, Indonesia’s East Timor and Ivory Coast’s post-2010 election crises, provide detailed qualitative evidence of highly structured intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) engaging in effective civil warpreventing activities in member-states. Highly structured IGOs threatened and sanctioned each of these states and offered (long-term) benefits conditional on successful crisis resolution. The governments were aware of and responded to these IGOs’ concerns, as did the rebels in these respective cases. The early stages of the conflict in Syria in 2011 provide a counterpoint. With Syria’s limited engagement in only few highly structured IGOs, the Syrian government ignored international calls for peace. And, without highly structured IGOs’ counterweight to curtail the government, the rebels saw little reason to stop their armed resistance. The result was a brutal and deadly civil war that continues today.

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Production of Aflatoxin in Cocoa Beans

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL ◽

10.1093/jaoac/62.5.1076 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 62 (5) ◽

pp. 1076-1079 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lawrence M Lenovich ◽

W Jeffrey Hurst

Keyword(s):

High Pressure ◽

Liquid Chromatography ◽

Ivory Coast ◽

Aspergillus Parasiticus ◽

Aflatoxin Production ◽

Growth Conditions ◽

Aflatoxin Contamination ◽

Cocoa Beans ◽

Total Aflatoxin ◽

Substrate Variation

Abstract Aflatoxin was produced in both non-autoclaved and autoclaved Ivory Coast cocoa beans inoculated with Aspergillus parasiticus NRRL 2999 under optimum laboratory growth conditions. Total aflatoxin levels ranged from 213 to 5597 ng/g substrate. Aflatoxin was quantitated by using high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Raw, non-autoclaved cocoa beans, also inoculated with aspergilli, produced 6359 ng aflatoxin/g substrate. Variation in aflatoxin production between bean varieties was observed. Total aflatoxin levels of 10,446 and 23,076 ng/g substrate were obtained on Ivory Coast beans inoculated with A. parasiticus NRRL 2999 and NRRL 3240, respectively. Aflatoxin production on Trinidad and Malaysian beans was 28 and 65 ng aflatoxin/g substrate. These data support previously reported low level natural aflatoxin contamination in cocoa.

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Colonial Governmentand Populist Reform: the case of the Ivory Coast—Part 1

Public Administration and Development ◽

10.1002/j.1099-162x.1971.tb00737.x ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 33-42

Author(s):

Martin Staniland

Keyword(s):

Ivory Coast

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