Postanthesis Water Deficits Enhance Grain Filling in Two‐Line Hybrid Rice

Crop Science ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 2099-2108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianchang Yang ◽  
Jianhua Zhang ◽  
Zhiqing Wang ◽  
Lijun Liu ◽  
Qingsen Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Water Deficits

Carbon Remobilization and Grain Filling in Japonica/Indica Hybrid Rice Subjected to Postanthesis Water Deficits

2002 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianchang Yang ◽  
Jianhua Zhang ◽  
Lijun Liu ◽  
Zhiqing Wang ◽  
Qingsen Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Water Deficits ◽  
Indica Hybrid Rice ◽  
Carbon Remobilization

Growth of spring barley under drought: crop development, photosynthesis, dry-matter accumulation and nutrient content

1981 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Lawlor ◽  
W. Day ◽  
A. E. Johnston ◽  
B. J. Legg ◽  
K. J. Parkinson
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Water Deficits ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Grain Filling Period

SUMMARYThe effects of water deficit on growth of spring barley were analysed under five irrigation treatments. One crop was irrigated at weekly intervals from emergence throughout the growing season, and one was not irrigated at all after emergence. Soil water deficits in the other treatments were allowed to develop early, intermediate or late in the crop's development.Weekly irrigation produced a crop with a large leaf area index (maximum value 4) and maintained green leaf and awns throughout the grain-filling period. Early drought decreased leaf area index (maximum value 2) by slowing expansion of main-stem leaves and decreasing the number and growth of tiller leaves. Leaf senescence was also increased with drought. Drought late in the development of ears and leaves and during the grain-filling period caused leaves and awns to senesce so that the total photosynthetic areas decreased faster than with irrigation. Photosynthetic rate per unit leaf area was little affected by drought so total dry-matter production was most affected by differences in leaf area.Early drought gave fewer tillers (550/m2) and fewer grains per ear (18) than did irrigation (760 tillers/m2 and 21 grains per ear). Late irrigation after drought increased the number of grains per ear slightly but not the number of ears/m2. Thus at the start of the grain-filling period crops which had suffered drought early had fewer grains than irrigated (9·5 and 18·8 × 103/m2 respectively) or crops which suffered drought later in development (14 × 103/m2).During the first 2 weeks of filling, grains grew at almost the same rate in all treatments. Current assimilate supply was probably insufficient to provide this growth in crops which had suffered drought, and stem reserves were mobilized, as shown by the decrease in stem mass during the period. Grains filled for 8 days longer with irrigation and were heavier (36–38 mg) than without irrigation (29–30 mg). Drought throughout the grainfilling period after irrigation earlier in the season resulted in the smallest grains (29 mg).Grain yield depended on the number of ears, the number of grains per ear and mass per grain. Early drought decreased tillering and tiller ear production and the number of grains that filled in each ear. Late drought affected grain size via the effects on photosynthetic surface area.Drought decreased the concentrations of phosphorus, potassium and magnesium in the dry matter of crops, and irrigation after drought increased them. Concentration of nitrogen was little affected by treatment. Possible mechanisms by which water deficits and nutrient supply affect crop growth and yield are discussed.

scholarly journals Decreasing hill density combined with increasing nitrogen rate led to yield decline in hybrid rice under low-light conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hejun Ao ◽  
Xiaobing Xie ◽  
Min Huang ◽  
Yingbin Zou
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Yield Decline ◽  
Rice Yields ◽  
Common Environmental Factor

Abstract Low light is a common environmental factor that adversely affects rice yields. This study was conducted to evaluate the combined effect of hill density and nitrogen (N) fertilizer rate on yield attributes in hybrid rice under low-light conditions. Field experiments were conducted in 2014 and 2015. Two hybrid rice cultivars (Y-liangyou 1 and Luoyou 9348) were grown under combinations of three hill density levels (high, 40 × 104 hills ha−1; moderate, 27 × 104 hills ha−1; low, 14 × 104 hills ha−1) and two N rate levels (high, 240 kg ha−1; moderate, 143–148 kg ha−1), and shaded from heading to maturity. Grain yield was highest in the combination of high hill density and moderate N rate and significantly declined with decreasing hill density combined with increasing N rate for both cultivars in both years. Averaged across two cultivars and two years, grain yield declined by about 4% for each 10% decrease in hill density combined with each 10% increase in N rate. A significant reduction in spikelet filling percentage was observed with decreasing hill density combined with increasing N rate in Y-liangyou 1 in 2015 and Luoyou 9348 in 2014. The same trend was observed for grain weight in Y-liangyou 1 in 2014 and Luoyou 9348 in 2015. These results indicate that adopting the practice of decreasing hill density combined with increasing N rate can result in poor grain filling and consequently yield decline in hybrid rice under low-light conditions.

Agronomic and Physiological Responses of Soybean and Sorghum Crops to Water Deficits I. Growth, Development and Yield

1978 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 159 ◽  
Author(s):  
GA Constable ◽  
AB Hearn
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Water Deficits ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Response To Water ◽  
Area Development ◽  
Leaf Area Development

The aim of the work reported in this series of four papers was a better understanding of crop response to water deficits in an area where water available for irrigation is limited. In part I, data on the effect of frequency of irrigation, applied post-flowering, on the growth, leaf area development and yield of soybean, cvv. Bragg and Ruse, and sorghum, cv. TX610, are evaluated. Sorghum outyielded both irrigated and rainfed soybeans (5400 versus 2800 and 1800 kg ha-1, respectively). Soil water deficits during pod filling in soybeans caused early leaf death and cessation of pod filling, thus decreasing yield. Irrigation at approximately 90 mm and 135 mm soil water deficit resulted in similar yields. In sorghum and in Ruse soybeans, there was a significant (17-25%) loss in stem dry weight during grain filling, which may have been caused by the relocation of stored assimilates. In Bragg soybeans, only the rainfed plants had a loss in stem dry weight during grain filling. Differences in crop dry weight occurred later than predicted by photosynthesis measurements. Several factors could have contributed to this discrepancy, and we highlight the need for a greater understanding of the contribution from lower leaves and also of the factors affecting the storage and remobilization of reserve assimilates during grain filling.

scholarly journals Timing and Intensity of Water Deficits During Flowering and Grain‐Filling in Pearl Millet

1988 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Mahalakshmi ◽  
F. R. Bidinger ◽  
G. D. P. Rao
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Water Deficits

Rate of Development of Postanthesis Water Deficits and Grain Filling of Spring Wheat

Crop Science ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 1238-1242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tohru Kobata ◽  
Jairo A. Palta ◽  
Neil C. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Water Deficits ◽  
Rate Of Development

scholarly journals Physiological Behaviour and Yield Performances of Hybrid Rice at Different Planting Dates in Aus Season

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
MM Haque ◽  
HR Pramanik ◽  
JK Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Leaf Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Photosynthetic Activities

Two field experiments were conducted in 2009 and 2010 to evaluate some physiological traits and yield of three hybrid rice varieties (BRRI hybrid dhan2, Heera2, and Tia) in comparison to BRRI dhan48 in Aus season. The experiments involved four planting dates (1 April, 16 April, 1 May and 16 May). Compared to BRRI dhan48, hybrid varieties accumulated greater shoot dry matter at anthesis, higher flag leaf chlorophyll at 2, 9, 16 and 23 days after flowering (DAF), flag leaf photosynthetic rate at 2 DAF and longer panicles. However, hybrid varieties demonstrated smaller remobilization of shoot reserve to grain and photosynthetic rate of its flag leaf at 9 and 16 DAF than BRRI dhan48. Heera2 and BRRI hybrid dhan2 maintained significantly higher chlorophyll a:b ratio over Tia and BRRI dhan48 at 2, 9, 16 and 23 DAF in their flag leaf. Shoot reserve remobilization to grain exhibited higher degree of sensitivity to rising of minimum temperature in the studied hybrids compared to the inbred. Inefficient photosynthetic activities of flag leaf and poor shoot reserve translocation to grain resulted poor grain filling percentage in the test hybrids. Consequently the studied hybrids showed significantly lower grain yield (ca. 36.7%) as compared to inbred BRRI dhan48, irrespective of planting date in Aus season.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/brj.v17i1-2.20839Bangladesh Rice j. 2013, 17(1&2): 7-14

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