Fusarium Head Blight Reaction of Langdon Durum‐ Triticum dicoccoides Chromosome Substitution Lines

Crop Science ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 637-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Stack ◽  
E. M. Elias ◽  
J. Mitchell Fetch ◽  
J. D. Miller ◽  
L. R. Joppa
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Triticum Dicoccoides ◽  
Chromosome Substitution ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Chromosome Substitution Lines

Fusarium Head Blight Reaction of Langdon Durum- Chromosome Substitution Lines

Crop Science ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 637 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Stack ◽  
E. M. Elias ◽  
J. Mitchell Fetch ◽  
J. D. Miller ◽  
L. R. Joppa
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Chromosome Substitution ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Chromosome Substitution Lines

scholarly journals Discovery of a Promising Susceptibility Factor for Fusarium Head Blight in Wheat

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhavit Chhabra ◽  
Vijay Tiwari ◽  
Bikram S Gill ◽  
Yanhong Dong ◽  
Nidhi Rawat
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Susceptibility Gene ◽  
Wheat Chromosome ◽  
Triticum Dicoccoides ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Susceptibility Factor ◽  
Chinese Spring Wheat ◽  
Fhb Resistance

AbstractFusarium head blight (FHB) disease of wheat caused by Fusarium spp. deteriorates both quantity and quality of the crop. Manipulation of susceptibility factors, the genes facilitating disease development in plants, offers a novel and alternative strategy for enhancing FHB resistance in plants. In this study, a major effect susceptibility gene for FHB was identified on the short arm of chromosome 7A (7AS). Nullisomic-tetrasomic lines for homoeologous group-7 of wheat revealed dosage effect of the gene, with tetrasomic 7A being more susceptible than control Chinese Spring wheat, qualifying it as a bonafide susceptibility factor. The gene locus was conserved in six chromosome 7A inter-varietal wheat substitution lines of diverse origin and a tetraploid Triticum dicoccoides genotype. The susceptibility gene was named as SF7ASFHB and mapped on chromosome 7AS to 48.5-50.5 Mb peri-centromeric region between del7AS-3 and del7AS-8. Our results showed that deletion of SF7ASFHB imparts ~ 50-60% type 2 FHB resistance (against the spread of the fungal pathogen) and its manipulation may lead to enhanced resistance against FHB in wheat.HighlightDiscovery and mapping of a conserved susceptibility factor located on the short arm of wheat chromosome 7A whose deletion makes plants resistant to Fusarium Head Blight.

scholarly journals Effects of Interspecific Chromosome Substitution in Upland Cotton on Cottonseed Macronutrients

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1158
Author(s):  
Nacer Bellaloui ◽  
Sukumar Saha ◽  
Jennifer L. Tonos ◽  
Jodi A. Scheffler ◽  
Johnie N. Jenkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Upland Cotton ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Chromosome Substitution ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Chromosome Substitution Lines ◽  
Macronutrient Content ◽  
Chromosome Arm

Nutrients, including macronutrients such as Ca, P, K, and Mg, are essential for crop production and seed quality, and for human and animal nutrition and health. Macronutrient deficiencies in soil lead to poor crop nutritional qualities and a low level of macronutrients in cottonseed meal-based products, leading to malnutrition. Therefore, the discovery of novel germplasm with a high level of macronutrients or significant variability in the macronutrient content of crop seeds is critical. To our knowledge, there is no information available on the effects of chromosome or chromosome arm substitution on cottonseed macronutrient content. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of chromosome or chromosome arm substitution on the variability and content of the cottonseed macronutrients Ca, K, Mg, N, P, and S in chromosome substitution lines (CS). Nine chromosome substitution lines were grown in two-field experiments at two locations in 2013 in South Carolina, USA, and in 2014 in Mississippi, USA. The controls used were TM-1, the recurrent parent of the CS line, and the cultivar AM UA48. The results showed major variability in macronutrients among CS lines and between CS lines and controls. For example, in South Carolina, the mean values showed that five CS lines (CS-T02, CS-T04, CS-T08sh, CS-B02, and CS-B04) had higher Ca level in seed than controls. Ca levels in these CS lines varied from 1.88 to 2.63 g kg−1 compared with 1.81 and 1.72 g kg−1 for TM-1 and AMUA48, respectively, with CS-T04 having the highest Ca concentration. CS-M08sh exhibited the highest K concentration (14.50 g kg−1), an increase of 29% and 49% over TM-1 and AM UA48, respectively. Other CS lines had higher Mg, P, and S than the controls. A similar trend was found at the MS location. This research demonstrated that chromosome substitution resulted in higher seed macronutrients in some CS lines, and these CS lines with a higher content of macronutrients can be used as a genetic tool towards the identification of desired seed nutrition traits. Also, the CS lines with higher desired macronutrients can be used as parents to breed for improved nutritional quality in Upland cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., through improvement by the interspecific introgression of desired seed nutrient traits such as Ca, K, P, S, and N. The positive and significant (p ≤ 0.0001) correlation of P with Ca, P with Mg, S with P, and S with N will aid in understanding the relationships between nutrients to improve the fertilizer management program and maintain higher cottonseed nutrient content.

scholarly journals Characterization of inter-varietal chromosome substitution lines of wheat using molecular markers

2008 ◽  
Vol 44 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 22-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Pánková ◽  
Z. Milec ◽  
M. Leverington-Waite ◽  
S. Chebotar ◽  
J.W. Snape
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Flowering Time ◽  
Homoeologous Group ◽  
Chromosome Substitution ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Chromosome Substitution Lines ◽  
Vrn Genes ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2

Several sets of wheat inter-varietal chromosome substitution lines (SLs) have been produced over the last fifty years at the CRI (formerly RICP) in Prague-Ruzyně, based on cytogenetic manipulations using aneuploids. Lines with defined genes have been obtained which significantly influence growth habit and flowering time and these have been used particularly in the study of the genetics and physiology of flowering. The sets of lines include substitutions of homoeologous group 5 chromosomes carrying Vrn genes that control vernalisation response, homoeologous group 2 chromosomes with Ppd genes controlling photoperiodic sensitivity, and some other substitutions, particularly those with chromosome 3B of the Czech alternative variety Česká Přesívka where a novel flowering time effect was located. Although the phenotypic and cytological analysis of substitution lines has been continually carried out during backcrossing generations, only the use of molecular markers can allow an unambiguous characterization to verify that substitutions are correct and complete. This analysis has allowed incorrect substitutions or partial substitutions to be identified and discarded. This paper summarizes the results of recent molecular checks of the substitution line collections at CRI.

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