Utilization of Organic Materials for Crop Production in Developed and Developing Countries

2015 ◽  
pp. 83-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Parr ◽  
R. H. Miller ◽  
D. Colacicco
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Organic Materials

The role of quality seed use for world crop production with special reference to the developing countries

1975 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 268-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
W P Feistritzer
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Short Article ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Pasture Plants

In this short article the author indicates the present stages of development of variety evaluation, testing, certification, production and marketing of quality seed—of cereals, industrial crops, pasture plants and vegetables—in major geographical regions of the world and draws attention to some of the underlying problems which must be faced in the future if further progress is to be made.

Crop production and input requirements in developing countries

1983 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
JELLE BRUINSMA ◽  
JANOS HRABOVSZKY ◽  
NIKOS ALEXANDRATOS ◽  
PETER PETRI
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Crop Production

Information behaviour of rural smallholder farmers in some selected developing countries: A literature review

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 831-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Austine Phiri ◽  
George T Chipeta ◽  
Winner D Chawinga
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Library And Information Science ◽  
Information Behaviour ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
Access Information

The literature from some selected developing countries has demonstrated that rural smallholder farmers need various information sources in pursuit of their goals of increasing production and improving their living standards. According to the sampled studies, the majority of smallholder farmers access information on crop production. Smallholder farmers are aware of information sources despite challenges faced in accessing and using information. The majority of smallholder farmers access information through personal experiences, family members and friends. Despite access to various information sources, the literature has shown that smallholder farmers face various challenges in accessing and using information sources. The major challenges reported by the literature are lack of mobility, lack of finances, lack of rural information centres, and lack of visits by extension officers. The review has highlighted the lack of literature on the information behaviour of smallholder farmers in Malawi despite the fact that the country is an agricultural economy. The review is adapted from the Masters of Library and Information Science (MLIS) thesis authored by Austine Phiri at Mzuzu University.

Utilization of Organic Materials as Soil Amendments for Cucumber Production in Greenhouse Cultivation

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 1971-1980
Author(s):  
Yu Qi Li ◽  
Yan Song Ao
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Amendments ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Peat Moss ◽  
Greenhouse Soil ◽  
Greenhouse Cucumber

Appropriate application of organic materials to agricultural soil is considered to be a valuable alternative to landfills or incineration and a good management practice for maintaining soil fertility and sustainable crop production. This study was performed to evaluate the potential use of five organic materials (peat moss, bran coat, asparagus residue, turf clipping and soybean residue) as soil amendments and/or fertilizers for greenhouse cucumber production. Each organic material was applied to greenhouse soil at the rate of 7.5 t ha-1. The application of organic materials to the greenhouse soil produced an improvement in the soil properties as well as in the cucumber growth, yield and quality, especially low-cost asparagus residues, turf clipping and soybean residues. Nevertheless, these improvements depended on the chemical composition of organic materials. In particular, all organic materials significantly increased soil potassium content. Asparagus residues significantly increased soil phosphorus content. This study demonstrated that asparagus residues, turf clipping and soybean residues were suitable for use as soil amendments and/or fertilizers for greenhouse cucumber production in terms of economic evaluation.

Agricultural infrastructure: the forgotten key driving force on crop-related water footprints and virtual water flows in developing countries: a case for China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongrong Huang ◽  
La Zhuo ◽  
Pute Wu
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Virtual Water ◽  
High Water ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Water Flows

<p>Agricultural infrastructure plays important roles in boosting food production and trade system in developing countries, while as being a ‘grey solutions’, generates increasingly risks on the environmental sustainability. There is little information on impacts of agricultural infrastructure developments on water consumption and flows, (i.e. water footprint and virtual water flows) related to crop production, consumption and trade especially in developing countries with high water risk. Here we, taking mainland China over 2000-2017 as the study case, identified and evaluated the strengths and spatial heterogeneities in main socio-economic driving factors of provincial water footprints and inter-provincial virtual water flows related to three staple crops (rice, wheat and maize). For the first time, we consider irrigation (II), electricity (EI) and road infrastructures (RI) in the driving factor analysis through the extended STIRPAT (stochastic impacts by regression on population, affluence and technology) model. Results show that the II, EI and RI in China were expanded by 33.8 times, 4.5 times and 2.4 times, respectively by year 2017 compared to 2000. Although the II was the most critical driver to effectively reduce the per unit water footprint, especially the blue water footprint in crop production (i.e., increasing water efficiency), the developments of II led to the bigger total water consumption. Such phenomenon was observed in Jing-Jin region, North Coast and Northwest China with water resource shortage. The EI and RI had increasing effects on provincial virtual water export, and the corresponding driving strengths varied across spaces. Obviously, the visible effects from the agricultural infrastructures on regional water consumption, water productivity and virtual water patterns cannot be neglected. </p>

scholarly journals Productivity Growth in World Agriculture: Sources and Constraints

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 161-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vernon W Ruttan
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Research Capacity ◽  
Animal Nutrition ◽  
Half Century ◽  
Crop Varieties ◽  
World Agriculture

During the last half-century, advances in crop production came from expansion in areas irrigated from more intensive application of fertilizers and crop protection chemicals, and from crop varieties that were more responsive to technical inputs and management. Advances in animal production came from genetic improvements and advances in animal nutrition. Differences among developed and developing countries in output per hectare and per worker have widened. If these gaps are to be narrowed agricultural research capacity in developing countries will have to be substantially strengthened.

The State of Food Production and Nutrition in the Developing Countries

1989 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
K. Ghebremeskel
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Development Programme ◽  
South American ◽  
Distribution Of Wealth ◽  
Self Reliance ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Food Patterns ◽  
Food Requirement

The genesis of the problem of food production and nutrition of African, Asian and Central and South American countries can be traced back to the beginning of ‘inter-continental trade’ and the emergence of colonialism. Indigenous food patterns and social and economic orders that had evolved to befit the inhabitants and the environment were destroyed. A nutritional framework and an agricultural and economic policy designed to benefit the colonising nations were fostered. At present, millions of people in the developing countries suffer from endemic undernutrition and associated diseases. Famine is always present under the surface claiming families and individual hamlets and breaks through when the semblance of equilibrium between minimal food requirement for survival and supply is disturbed by natural or man-made disaster. Landlessness, an uneven distribution of wealth, overemphasis on cash-crop production, neglect of peasant agriculture in favour of unnecessary expenditure on military hardware and other misguided projects, and crop specialisation are some of the factors responsible for food shortage and undernutrition. Moreover, most of the staple foods of the developing countries are of low energy density and deficient in some essential nutrients. The cycle of undernutrition, hunger, disease and death can only be broken by instituting a well planned, peasant-orientated, integrated development programme based on self-reliance and self-sufficiency.

Organic materials applied as seed treatments or foliar sprays fail to increase grain yield of wheat

1986 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 367 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJ Miers ◽  
MW Perry
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Foliar Sprays ◽  
Commercial Cultivation ◽  
Application Rates

Organic materials derived from fish, seaweed or bacterial cultures, and being sold as 'natural' aids to crop production, were tested for their effects on wheat yield in Western Australia. Six products based on seaweed (Seasol powder and liquid, Kelpak 66), fish (Eco, 10.8.8, Crop Booster) or bacterial culture (Cytozyme Seed Plus), and Complesal, an inorganic nutrient spray, were tested as seed treatments or foliar sprays. Thirty-two replicated field trials (plot size 100 m2) were conducted over 3 years using recommended rates of fertiliser and 'commercial' weed and pest control practices. No statistically significant increases in grain yield were detected from the use of any product in any trial. Average treatment grain yields in 18 trials in 1982 ranged from 99.4 to 10 1.2% of the control and in 12 trials in 1983 from 96.2 to 99.3% of the control. The results give no indication that, at the application rates used, organic materials applied as seed dressings or foliar sprays can increase the grain yield of cereal crops in commercial cultivation.

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