Seed Size and Seeding Depth Influence on Canola Emergence and Performance in the Northern Great Plains

Kenneth E. Lamb; Burton L. Johnson

doi:10.2134/agronj2004.0454

Seed Size and Seeding Depth Influence on Canola Emergence and Performance in the Northern Great Plains

Agronomy Journal ◽

10.2134/agronj2004.4540 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 96 (2) ◽

pp. 454-461 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Kenneth E. Lamb ◽

Burton L. Johnson

Keyword(s):

Seed Size ◽

Great Plains ◽

Northern Great Plains ◽

And Performance

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Local Government and Rainfall: The problem of Local Government in the Northern Great Plains

American Political Science Review ◽

10.2307/1950108 ◽

1946 ◽

Vol 40 (6) ◽

pp. 1113-1123 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Herman Walker ◽

Peter L. Hansen

Keyword(s):

School Districts ◽

Local Government ◽

Great Plains ◽

Northern Great Plains ◽

Small School Districts ◽

Agricultural Enterprise ◽

Basic Facts ◽

Governmental Institutions ◽

Sparse Population ◽

And Performance

The westward movement of settlement—into the semi-arid, treeless Great Plains beyond the 100th meridian—carried along with it traditions of local government familiar further east. Settlers organized their newfound lands into the counties, townships, and small school districts to which they were accustomed in the states of their origin. Local-government customs evolved in humid, populous areas were thus transposed to a region destined by weather and other physical conditions to remain a place of sparse population.Predilections in government organization were fortified by a mistaken supposition that agricultural enterprise could be successfully organized and conducted according to the fashion of the East. The homesteading law generally in effect until 1909 (allowing but 160 acres to a settler) reflected this supposition. Moreover, the rectangular survey, with its gridiron of 36-square-mile sections, constituted a ready-made invitation to organize the congressional township as a governmental unit and to make much the same area the basis for school districts.Over the years subsequent to the original peopling of this region, circumstance and harsh experience have forced a revision in predominant beliefs concerning its nature and capabilities. Adjustments in agronomic enterprise and population have perforce occurred, often painfully and distressfully. It remains to be seen what adjustments must correspondingly occur in the organization and functioning of local government, for the basic facts of a region must find reflection in the trials, tribulations, and performance of its overlying governmental institutions.

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Chickpea, lentil and pea response to delayed spring seeding on the Northern Great Plains

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/p05-243 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 86 (4) ◽

pp. 1059-1070 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

P. R. Miller ◽

S. A. Brandt ◽

C. L. McDonald ◽

J. Waddington

Keyword(s):

Seed Size ◽

Great Plains ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Growth Stage ◽

Plant Density ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Crop Growth ◽

Northern Great Plains ◽

Summer Drought ◽

Seeding Date

We compared the effects of spring seeding date on stand density, crop growth, seed yield, water-use-efficiency, and grain quality of three pulse crops [chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) and pea (Pisum sativum L.)] grown at Scott and Swift Current, SK, during 1993 to 1997. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Thell.) was used as a reference crop. Seeding date did not meaningfully affect plant density for chickpea, lentil or pea. Crop growth stage related to thermal time resulted in robust prediction equations for chickpea, lentil and pea (R2 = 0.87 to 0.98). When seeding was delayed 2 wk, the crop response was inconsistent. When seeding was delayed by 4 wk, consistent, mainly negative, effects on crop parameters occurred due to the exacerbation of summer drought stress. Pulse crop yields were more negatively affected by delayed seeding than were wheat yields. When seeding of chickpea, lentil, and pea was delayed 4 wk, seed yield decreased at the majority of site-years. When yield reductions occurred, the average reductions were 44, 38, and 31%, for the respective species. For chickpea and lentil, seeding delays of 2 and 4 wk decreased seed size at the majority of site-years with seed size reductions averaging 10% when they occurred. In the semiarid Northern Great Plains (NGP), chickpea, lentil, and pea should be seeded before spring wheat due to a greater risk of loss of yield and quality. Key words: Chickpea, growth stage, lentil, northern great plains, pea, seeding date

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