Systematic Evaluation of Precision Farming Soil Sampling Requirements

Author(s):  
David E. Clay ◽  
C. G. Carlson ◽  
J. Chang ◽  
S. A. Clay ◽  
D. D. Malo ◽  
...  
2020 ◽  
pp. 100-106
Author(s):  
Larisa Anatolyevna Zhuravleva

The article provides an analysis of devices, installations and sensors that allow you to capture various characteristics of soils, including in real time. A description of a mobile device for measuring the characteristics of soil and crops, which allows you to visualize the information obtained in real time. High performance is provided by installing sensors that determine the parameters of crops and soil moisture on a mobile trailer device and transmit information to a microcontroller, WiFi module, with Internet access.


2018 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-39
Author(s):  
Taher Alzarog ◽  
Boris Vakanjac ◽  
Ivana Jelic ◽  
Vakanjac Ristic ◽  
Zorana Naunovic ◽  
...  

Global population is growing rapidly. As a result, increasingly large areas are being settled and farmed. This devastates soils and causes pollution by heavy metals and other components. Heavy metals in the environment originate from both natural and anthropogenic sources. Natural sources generally include rock weathering and the propagation of heavy metals, such as Cr and Ni, from ultrabasic rocks. These are natural processes that generally do not threaten human health. Anthropogenic sources include industry and inappropriate disposal of waste in the environment. In such cases concentrations of heavy metals can be harmful to people and other living beings. Al Zintan is a city located in northwestern Libya, on a plateau mainly built up of Cretaceous sediments. Since the 1980?s, nomadic population has rapidly been settling this area. As a result, a former part of the desert was transformed and is used for farming. Soil sampling at Al Zintan was conducted in 2017, across a 2?2 km grid. A total of 143 samples were collected from depths of about 30 cm. The samples weighed 2 to 2.5 kg and generally comprised sand with a clay component. A Niton Xl3t goldd+ instrument was used for chemical analyses, based on which GIS heavy-metal distribution maps were generated. The distribution of Cr, Ni, Cu and Zn is discussed on the paper.


Author(s):  
D.J. Benefiel ◽  
R.S. Weinstein

Intramembrane particles (IMP or MAP) are components of most biomembranes. They are visualized by freeze-fracture electron microscopy, and they probably represent replicas of integral membrane proteins. The presence of MAP in biomembranes has been extensively investigated but their detailed ultrastructure has been largely ignored. In this study, we have attempted to lay groundwork for a systematic evaluation of MAP ultrastructure. Using mathematical modeling methods, we have simulated the electron optical appearances of idealized globular proteins as they might be expected to appear in replicas under defined conditions. By comparing these images with the apearances of MAPs in replicas, we have attempted to evaluate dimensional and shape distortions that may be introduced by the freeze-fracture technique and further to deduce the actual shapes of integral membrane proteins from their freezefracture images.


2007 ◽  
Vol 177 (4S) ◽  
pp. 614-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnar Wendt-Nordahl ◽  
Stefanie Huckele ◽  
Patrick Honeck ◽  
Peter Aiken ◽  
Thomas Knoll ◽  
...  

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