scholarly journals Evaluation of the ability of mice to detect VOCs, using a positive operant reinforcement procedure

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-483
Author(s):  
Rieko Hojo
Keyword(s):  
Operant Reinforcement ◽  
Reinforcement Procedure

Preference for Predictable Small Rewards over Unpredictable Larger Rewards

1984 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 467-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gene D. Steinhauer
Keyword(s):  
Reward Magnitude ◽  
Partial Reinforcement ◽  
Frustration Theory ◽  
Equal Frequency ◽  
Theory Analysis ◽  
Clear Preference ◽  
Avoidance Tendency ◽  
Discrimination Procedure ◽  
Two Alternatives ◽  
Reinforcement Procedure

Numerous prior studies have reported that rats, pigeons, and humans prefer predictable over unpredictable rewards of equal frequency and magnitude. A frustration-theory analysis of this preference suggests that it obtains because the unpredictable partial reinforcement procedure is aversive whereas the predictable discrimination procedure loses its aversiveness. The preference, on such an analysis, arises due to the tendency to avoid the unpredictable of two alternatives. Since frustration varies as a function of magnitude of reward, the avoidance tendency should increase with increases in reward magnitude in the unpredictable alternative. One group of rats in the present study showed a clear preference for seven versus five 45-mg Noyes Pellets. A second group showed the oft reported preference for five pellets predictable versus five pellets unpredictable. A third group of rats showed a preference for a five-pellet predictable reward over a seven-pellet unpredictable reward. The results of this experiment provide evidence for a frustration-theory analysis of the preference for predictable reward.

Effects of Differential Reinforcement Procedures on Discrimination Learning by Institutionalized Mentally Retarded Children

1973 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 447-450
Author(s):  
John Raymond Blair ◽  
Bruce R. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Differential Reinforcement ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Reinforcement ◽  
Contingent Reinforcement ◽  
Token Reinforcement ◽  
Response Contingent ◽  
Mentally Retarded Children ◽  
Reinforcement Procedure

Institutionalized mentally retarded children performed on a two-choice discrimination task under one of 6 conditions of reward (response-contingent consumable, response-contingent nonconsumable, token-consumable, token-nonconsumable, token, social). The results indicated that response-contingent nonconsumable rewards were not more distracting than response-contingent consumable rewards nor was the presentation of material rewards by the token-reinforcement procedure less distracting than the response-contingent reinforcement procedure. Further, social reinforcement was less effective than response-contingent nonconsumable rewards; however, no differences were found between social reinforcement and the other material rewards regardless of reinforcement procedure.

scholarly journals CORE: Computer-controlled operant reinforcement

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorraine Chayer-farrell ◽  
Nelson L. Freedman
Keyword(s):  
Operant Reinforcement ◽  
Computer Controlled

A Novel Reinforcement Procedure for Use in Perceptual Experiments with Normal and Language-Impaired Children

1978 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 264-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Tallal
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Language Impairments ◽  
Intrinsic Interest ◽  
Language Impaired ◽  
Impaired Children ◽  
Low Rate ◽  
Reinforcement Procedure

A novel reinforcement procedure for use with young children with or without language impairments has been devised which adds intrinsic interest to otherwise tedious clinical or experimental sessions and has a low rate of satiation. The procedure involves the child “winning” colorful stickers to make a picture throughout testing sessions.

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