scholarly journals PREDICTION OF THE CHROMIUM (III) SEPARATION FROM ACIDIC SALT SOLUTIONS ON NANOFILTRATION MEMBRANES USING DONNAN AND STERIC PARTITIONING PORE (DSP) MODEL

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-140
Author(s):  
Anna KOWALIK-KLIMCZAK ◽  
Mariusz ZALEWSKI ◽  
Paweł GIERYCZ
Keyword(s):  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Nanofiltration Membranes ◽  
Acidic Salt ◽  
Dsp Model

Innovative and sustainable concept of regeneration of decolorization ion exchange resins

2012 ◽  
pp. 381-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Theoleyre ◽  
Anne Gonin ◽  
Dominique Paillat
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Water Requirement ◽  
Ion Exchange Resins ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Nanofiltration Membranes ◽  
Industrial Efficiency ◽  
Salt Consumption ◽  
Multiple Effect ◽  
Exchange Resins

Regeneration of resins used for decolorization of sugar solutions is done with concentrated salt solutions. Nanofiltration membranes have been proven effective, in terms of industrial efficiency in decreasing salt consumption. More than 90% of the salt that is necessary for regeneration can be recycled through a combination of direct recycling of intermediate eluates, the separation of colored compounds by use of very selective nanofiltration membranes and a multiple-effect evaporation of salty permeates. The desalted color compound solution is sent to the molasses, limiting considerably the effluent to be treated. Starting from a liquor of 800 IU, the water requirement is limited to less than 100 L/t of sugar and the amount of wastewater can be reduced to less than 40 L/t of sugar.

Innovative concepts of regeneration of decolorization ion exchange resins in sugar refineries

2016 ◽  
pp. 377-380
Author(s):  
Marc André Théoleyre ◽  
Anne Gonin ◽  
Dominique Paillat
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Ion Exchange Resins ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Nanofiltration Membranes ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Salt Consumption ◽  
Multiple Effect ◽  
Exchange Resins

Regeneration of resins used for decolorization of sugar solutions is done with concentrated salt solutions. Nanofiltration membranes have been proven effective, in terms of industrial efficiency in decreasing salt consumption. More than 90% of the salt that is necessary for regeneration can be recycled through a combination of direct recycling of intermediate eluates, the separation of colored compounds by use of very selective nanofiltration membranes and a system to concentrate salty permeates. According to specific local conditions on energy supply and cost, the concentration of salty permeates can be either a multiple effect evaporator or a combination of electrodialysis and reverse osmosis. The desalted color compound solution is sent to the molasses, limiting considerably the effluent to be treated. Starting from a liquor of 800 IU, the water requirement is limited to less than 100 L/t of sugar and the amount of wastewater can be reduced to less than 40 L/t of sugar.

ON THE MECHANISM OF THE DISSOLUTION OF MAGNESIUM IN ACIDIC SALT SOLUTIONS: I. PHYSICAL CONTROL BY SURFACE FILMS

1953 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 849-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Casey ◽  
R. E. Bergeron
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Corrosion Potential ◽  
Surface Film ◽  
Surface Films ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Acidic Solutions ◽  
Activity Temperature ◽  
Acidic Salt ◽  
High Concentrations

A kinetic study and analysis has been made of the effects of ionic strength, acid activity, temperature, and salt type on the dissolution of magnesium in acidic salt solutions. This is an example of the simplest type of corrosion involving hydrogen evolution. The results are interpreted in terms of the effects of the various factors on the structure of a surface film which must be magnesium oxide and/or hydroxide even in acidic solutions. The importance of internal dissolutions in the film at high concentrations of attacking reagent, for this and other cases, is shown. Owing to complex formation, under certain conditions an odd case of "chemical control" of the dissolution rate in this simplest case becomes evident. Corrosion potential measurements aid in the interpretation.

Nanofiltration in the manufacture of liquid dyes production

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 1865-1873 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Mikulášek ◽  
J. Cuhorka
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modelling ◽  
Salt Concentration ◽  
Pressure Difference ◽  
Constant Pressure ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Nanofiltration Membranes ◽  
Salt Rejection ◽  
The Stability ◽  
High Level

In the manufacture of liquid dyes, almost complete desalting, which helps to improve the stability of the product, enhances the solubility of the dye. Diafiltration is used to allow a high level of desalting to be achieved. The process of desalination of aqueous dye-salt solutions by polymeric nanofiltration membranes using commercially available modules was studied. The influence of dye and salt concentration on the salt rejection and pressure applied on the flux as well as comparison of individual NF membranes for desalting purposes is presented. The great interest is also devoted to the mathematical modelling of nanofiltration and description of discontinuous diafiltration by periodically adding solvent at constant pressure difference.

scholarly journals Scaling of nanofiltration membranes used for chromium(III) ions recovery from salt solutions

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (11) ◽  
pp. 3135-3141 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kowalik-Klimczak ◽  
P. Gierycz
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Permeability ◽  
Permeability Coefficient ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
The Other ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Nanofiltration Membranes ◽  
Chemical Cleaning ◽  
Mineral Scale

Abstract The effect of membranes' structure on the efficiency of chromium(III) ions recovery from salt solution at low pH and the efficiency of chemical cleaning of these membranes were analyzed in this work. The nanofiltration membranes (DL and HL) used in this study were provided by GE Osmonics. The DL membrane had an irregular, dense support layer structure, while the HL membrane had a loose one. In the case of the DL membrane, it was found that, under tested solutions, the layer of mineral scale formed on the surface gradually decreases the membrane permeability coefficient. In the case of the DL membrane, the scaling was observed only on the surface. On the other hand, a small roughness (118Å) and low density charge (zeta potential at level −4) of the HL membrane causes an uneven growth in deposits and, consequently, irregular nature of the surface structure which hinders the removal of accumulated sediment from the tested membranes' surface. Additionally, the loose structure of the support layer of HL membrane contributes to its internal scaling. Consequently, the permanently loose structure of the HL membrane permeability coefficient was observed.

scholarly journals Dissolution of noble metals in highly concentrated acidic salt solutions

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (59) ◽  
pp. 8230-8232
Author(s):  
Federica Forte ◽  
Sofia Riaño ◽  
Koen Binnemans
Keyword(s):  
Noble Metals ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Platinum Group Metals ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Concentrated Solutions ◽  
Aqua Regia ◽  
Acidic Salt ◽  
Platinum Group

Highly concentrated solutions of AlCl3·6H2O and Al(NO3)3·9H2O are safer and more environmentally friendly alternatives to aqua regia for the dissolution of gold and platinum group metals (Pd, Pt, Rh).

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