scholarly journals Response of Selected Sweet Corn Cultivars to Nitrogen Fertilization

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.A. Mullins ◽  
R.A. Straw ◽  
B. Pitt ◽  
D.O. Onks ◽  
M.D. Mullen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Fertilization Rates ◽  
Cropping Frequency ◽  
Genetic Types

`Silver Queen', `Incredible', and `Challenger' sweet corn (Zea mays L.) cultivars were evaluated at different nitrogen (N) fertilization rates at Springfield, Tenn., in 1993, 1994, and 1995. `Incredible' was more productive than `Silver Queen' and `Challenger'. Of the three cultivars, `Silver Queen' had the tallest plants, longest ears, and most attractive ears. Nitrogen fertilization rates were 0, 50, 100, and 150 (100 lb/acre at planting and 50 lb/acre sidedressed) lb/acre (0,56, 112, and 168 kg·ha-1). The 100 lb/acre rate of N applied at planting appeared to be sufficient for producing sweet corn in soils with an annual cropping frequency. Height of plants and ear diameters were larger at the higher fertilization rates, but differences among treatments were not great and were usually not significant. The cultivars of different genetic types did not differ in response to N fertilization rates. Cultivar × year interactions were significant for most factors evaluated, but most other interactions were not significant.

scholarly journals Combining Ability and Heterosis of Algerian Saharan Maize Populations (Zea mays L.) for Tolerance to No-Nitrogen Fertilization and Drought

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 492
Author(s):  
Meriem Riache ◽  
Pedro Revilla ◽  
Oula Maafi ◽  
Rosa Ana Malvar ◽  
Abderahmane Djemel
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Base Material ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Nitrogen Stress ◽  
Reciprocal Recurrent Selection ◽  
Maize Populations

Drought and low nitrogen are major stresses for maize (Zea mays L.), and maize populations from the Sahara Desert are potential sources of stress tolerance. The objectives were to assess the tolerance and varietal and heterosis effects of Algerian populations under no-nitrogen fertilization and water stress. A diallel among six Algerian maize population was evaluated under drought (300 mm irrigation) vs. control (600 mm) and no-nitrogen fertilization vs. 120 kh ha−1 N fertilization. Genotypes showed significant differences and genetic effects for water- and nitrogen-stress tolerance. We propose a reciprocal recurrent selection to take advantage of additive and non-additive effects, using AOR and IGS, since they showed good performance in optimum and stress conditions, for improving yield heterosis for AOR × IGS. Negative effects are not expected on plant height, anthesis–silking interval or early vigor. These populations and BAH could be sources of inbred lines tolerant to drought and no-nitrogen fertilization. There was no relationship between origin and genetic group and stress tolerance per se or as parents of tolerant crosses. These populations and crosses could be used as base material among Algerian populations, for breeding programs focusing on tolerance to water or nitrogen stress.

scholarly journals Shelf-Life of Bunched Carrots as Affected by Nitrogen Fertilization and Leaf Presence

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1982
Author(s):  
Anita Ierna ◽  
Rosario Paolo Mauro ◽  
Cherubino Leonardi ◽  
Francesco Giuffrida
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Fertilization Rates ◽  
N Dose ◽  
Nitrates Content

Nitrogen (N) fertilization is essential for adequate earliness and the commercial attractiveness of carrots, but its excess could generate fast decay during postharvest, mostly in bunched carrots exhibiting their highly perishable leaves. A field experiment was conducted over the 2016–2017 growing season to address the effects of two N fertilization rates (120 and 240 kg N ha−1, hereafter N120 and N240, respectively) and leaf presence/absence (leaf+ and leaf−) on physicochemical and compositional traits of carrots cv. ‘Dordogne’, after storage at 4.0 ± 0.5 °C, 95–96% relative humidity (RH) for 0, 3, 6, 12, and 24 days (hereafter S0–S24). Before storage, carrots were arranged in bunches and packaged in common low-density polyethylene (LDPE) pouches (thickness 95 μm), 54 × 24 cm size, with 16 holes of 5 mm size. N240 carrots compared to N120 showed higher cumulative weight loss (CWL) and firmness reduction, with differences at S24 equal to 108 vs. 41 g kg−1 fresh weight (FW) and 13.3 vs. 14.5 N, respectively. N240 compared to N120 increased also the color deviation (ΔE*ab, +126%) and nitrates content (+93%) of carrots and slowed down their temporal increase of total polyphenols and antioxidant activity. Leaf+ carrots compared to leaf boosted CWL and firmness reduction, with differences at S24 equal to 90 vs. 58 g kg−1 FW and 12 vs. 17 N, respectively. In addition, leaf presence increased reducing sugars (+17%) and decreased nitrates (−24%) contents. This research has shown the possibility of improving the desirable quality and shelf-life of carrots by halving the N dose commonly supplied by growers and marketing bunched carrots within 12 days from the start of storage.

scholarly journals ACÚMULO DE FITOMASSA DO MILHO APÓS O ESPIGAMENTO EM FUNÇÃO DO PARCELAMENTO DA COBERTURA NITROGENADA

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-73
Author(s):  
LUIS SANGOI ◽  
FERNANDO PANISON ◽  
MURILO MIGUEL DURLI ◽  
LUCIELI SANTINI LEOLATO ◽  
ANTONIO EDUARDO COELHO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Nitrogen Rate ◽  
South Of Brazil ◽  
Mass Accumulation

RESUMO – O fracionamento da adubação nitrogenada é uma estratégia que pode aumentar o acúmulo de massa nosgrãos do milho. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar os efeitos do parcelamento da cobertura nitrogenada sobre o acúmulode fitomassa nas folhas, colmos e grãos após o espigamento do milho. O experimento foi implantado em Lages-SC.Foram testados dois híbridos (P30F53YH e P1680YH) e seis sistemas de aplicação do nitrogênio: testemunha semN, todo N aplicado em V5, V10 ou VT (pendoamento), ½ N em V5 + ½ N em V10, 1/3 N em V5 + 1/3 N em V10 +1/3 N em VT. A dose de N foi de 300 kg ha-1. Avaliou-se o acúmulo de fitomassa aos 0, 14, 28, 42, 56 e 70 dias apóso espigamento. A massa seca dos grãos dos dois híbridos aumentou linearmente em todos os sistemas testados. Asmaiores taxas de incremento (2,4 a 2,7 g dia-1) foram obtidas com a aplicação integral de N em V5 e as menores (1,5a 1,6 g dia-1) na testemunha. O fracionamento da adubação nitrogenada de cobertura em três estádios fenológicos nãoaumentou a massa dos grãos, em relação à fertilização feita integralmente em V5 ou V10.Palavras-chave: Zea mays, enchimento de grãos, cultivares, fenologia, nitrogênio. MAIZE DRY MASS ACCUMULATION AFTER SILKING AS AFFECTEDBY THE SPLITTING OF NITROGEN SIDE-DRESS FERTILIZATIONABSTRAT- The splitting of nitrogen fertilization is a strategy that can increase kernel dry mass accumulation of maize.This work was carried out aiming to evaluate the effects of splitting nitrogen side-dress fertilization on leaf, stem andgrain dry mass accumulation after maize silking. The experiment was set in Lages, SC, South of Brazil. Two hybrids(P30F53YH and P1680YH) and six nitrogen fertilization systems were tested: control without N, all N side-dressed atV5, V10 or VT (tasseling), ½ N at V5 + ½ N at V10, 1/3 N at V5 + 1/3 N at V10 + 1/3 N at VT. Nitrogen rate was 300kg ha-1. Dry mass accumulation was determined at 0, 14, 28, 42, 56 and 70 days after silking. The kernel dry mass ofboth hybrids increased linearly at all six N fertilization systems. The highest increment rates (2.4 to 2.7 g day-1) wereachieved when all N was side-dressed at V5. The lowest rates (1.5 to 1.6 g day-1) were registered in the control. Thesplitting of nitrogen side-dress fertilization in three growth stages did not increase kernel dry mass, when compared tothe fertilization carried out entirely at V5 or V10.Keywords: Zea mays, grain filling, hybrids, phenology, nitrogen.

scholarly journals Bolting, Yield, and Bulb Decay of Sweet Onion as Affected by Nitrogen Fertilization

2003 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan C. Díaz-Pérez ◽  
Albert C. Purvis ◽  
J. Thad Paulk
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Fertilization Rates ◽  
N Yield ◽  
Steady Rate ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
N Rates

Bolting causes significant economic losses in sweet onion (Allium cepa L.) production. Although temperature and photoperiod are considered to be the main factors that initiate bolting in onions, preliminary results suggested that low N fertilization rates increased bolting. The objective of our study was to determine the relationships of bolting, yield and bulb decay with N fertilization rates. The N fertilization rates applied ranged from the infraoptimal to the supraoptimal (from 102 to 302 kg·ha-1 N). Shoot and bulb N content increased with increasing N rates, but there were no differences in the respective shoot and bulb N contents among cultivars. Bolting incidence declined steadily with increasing N fertilization rates up to 197 kg·ha-1 N. Bolting incidence was among the highest in the cultivar Pegasus. The percent of decayed bulbs also increased at a steady rate with the rate of N applied. Total (14.7 t·ha-1) and marketable (0.8 t·ha-1) yields at the lowest N rate (102 kg·ha-1 N) were lower (P ≤ 0.01) than those at higher N rates. Rates of N ≥145 kg·ha-1 had no significant effect on either total (mean = 33.6 t·ha-1) or marketable (mean = 21.6 t·ha-1) yields. Losses in marketable yield were primarily a combination of bolting and bulb decay and were minimized at 162 kg·ha-1 N. Yield losses at low N rates were mostly due to bolting while yield losses at high N rates were mostly due to decay. Thus, excess applications of N fertilizer should be avoided since they have little effect on yields or bolting but they increase bulb decay.

NITROGEN FERTILIZATION OF LAND CONTINUOUSLY CROPPED TO CORN (Zea mays L.)

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 547-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN E. RICHARDS ◽  
S. C. SHEPPARD ◽  
T. E. BATES
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Continuous Production ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
N Application ◽  
Rate Interaction

Three field trials were conducted to determine if and how response of corn (Zea mays L.) to applied N changes during continuous production. Nitrogen was broadcast at rates of 0, 56, 112, 168, 224 and 336 kg/ha each year for 10 yr. Rates of N in excess of 168 kg/ha significantly reduced emergence at the Fox site; no effect occurred elsewhere. Applied N had no effect upon seedling weight, decreased the interval from seeding to silking, and increased grain and stover yields at all sites. The most profitable rates of N for grain production throughout the study were 85 and 110 kg/ha at the Conestogo and Fox sites, respectively. At the Chinguacousy site, there was a significant year by N rate interaction with grain yield declining by 5600 kg/ha over 10 yr in the 0-kg-N/ha treatment. A model developed by multiple regression analysis (R2 = 0.71) for this site predicted that the most profitable rates of N application were 38, 178, and 213 kg/ha in years 1, 5, and 10, respectively. Applied N decreased ear moisture content at harvest and increased lodging at all sites. Key words: Zea mays L., N fertilization, year by N interaction

scholarly journals Trace element concentrations in the grain of wheat cultivars as affected by nitrogen fertilization

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zlatko Svecnjak ◽  
Marina Jenel ◽  
Marija Bujan ◽  
Dubravka Vitali ◽  
Irena Vedrina Dragojević
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Fertilization Rates ◽  
Element Concentrations ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Three winter wheat cultivars were grown under low-N and high-N fertilization rates over two growing seasons. In spite of smaller 1000-grain weight, the high-N fertilization produced higher grain yields as well as grain N and trace element concentrations in both growing seasons. Trace element increments with high-N rate averaged 14.0% for Fe, 9.2% for Zn, 19.7% for Mn, 13.2% for Cu, 15.1% for Ni, and 23.0% for Cd. Only Na concentration was unaffected by N fertilization, whereas Pb and Cr were below detection limits. Absolutely small, but significant differences existed among tested cultivars for all trace elements and these cultivar effects were uniform on both N fertilization rates. However, cultivars differed in their rankings for trace element concentrations across two growing seasons and these specific responses appeared to be closely related to grain N.

Nitrogen fertilization of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) in an intercropping system with cassava (Manihot esculenta) and maize (Zea mays) in south-western Nigeria

1999 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. O. OLASANTAN
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
N Rates

Nitrogen fertilization of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) when intercropped with cassava (Manihot esculenta) and maize (Zea mays) was studied using three N rates (0, 60 and 120 kg/ha) in two field experiments in Nigeria between 1995 and 1997. The okra was grown between the cassava and maize rows. The effect of using two contrasting maize cvs. TZE Composite 3 Cl (less-tall, early-maturing with narrow leaves) and DMRSR-Y (tall, late-maturing with broad leaves) on N response of okra in the mixture was also investigated. Intercropping with maize or cassava and maize significantly increased stem elongation, delayed pod harvest, and decreased branch or pod formation and marketable pod yield in okra. In the cassava/maize/okra combination, maize had greater effect than cassava in determining most growth and pod yield attributes of the okra crop, regardless of N rate. However, the effect was relatively less severe in mixtures with early-maize cv. TZE Composite 3 Cl than with late-maize cv. DMRSR-Y. Although applied N at rates above 60 kg/ha in intercropping increased maize grain and cassava tuber yields, this did not result in a further significant gain in pod yield of the associated okra crop. The present recommendation of 60 kg/ha for N fertilization of cassava/maize intercrop was found to be applicable to okra grown between the cassava/maize rows using the less-tall, early-maize cultivar with relatively narrow leaves, and possibly reduced leaf area.

Influences of irrigation and N fertilization on maize (Zea mays L.) properties

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 933-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hrvoje Plavsic ◽  
Marko Josipovic ◽  
Luka Andric ◽  
Antun Jambrovic ◽  
Jasna Sostaric
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
N Fertilization
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