scholarly journals Spring Freeze Damage to the 1996 Peach and Nectarine Crop in the Southeastern United States

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.R. Okie ◽  
T.G. Beckman ◽  
G.L. Reighard ◽  
W.C. Newall ◽  
C.J. Graham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Frost Tolerance ◽  
Cold Temperatures ◽  
Freeze Damage ◽  
Breeding Selections

This paper describes the climatic and cropping conditions in the major peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] producing areas in the southeastern United States in 1996. The peach and nectarine crop was the smallest since 1955 due to a series of unusually cold temperatures in February, March, and April. Crop set was not strictly a function of late blooming. No variety produced a full crop across the region. Many reputedly hardy peaches cropped poorly. The only peach or nectarine varieties that produced substantial crops in multiple locations were `La Premiere', `Ruston Red', and `Contender'. Cropping ability of some breeding selections shows that peach frost tolerance may be improved further.

scholarly journals Genetic Influence on Flower Bud Density in Peach and Nectarine Exceeds That of Environment

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1010-1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.R. Okie ◽  
D.J. Werner
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Genetic Influence ◽  
Genotypic Variability ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Spring Frosts

Spring frosts often kill all or a portion of the flowers on peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] trees in the southeastern United States. Increased flower bud density increases the likelihood of sufficient flowers surviving to produce a crop. The effect of environment on flower bud density (buds/node) was studied using two locations over 3 years. Bud density of 25 peach and nectarine varieties grown in completely randomized designs was measured in Georgia and North Carolina. Genotypic variability was greater than location or year effects. Varieties selected for high bud density at one location can be expected to have high densities at other locations with similar chilling.

scholarly journals Impact of Fungal Gummosis on Peach Trees

HortScience ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1141-1143 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.G. Beckman ◽  
P.L. Pusey ◽  
P.F. Bertrand
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Peach Tree ◽  
Botryosphaeria Dothidea ◽  
Trunk Diameter ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Peach Trees

Peach tree fungal gummosis caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea [(Moug.:Fr.) Cos & de Not.] is widespread throughout the southeastern United States. Until recently, its economic impact on peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] has been impossible to estimate, since no effective controls were known. Significant, though not total, suppression of gummosis on `Summergold' peach trees was achieved with an intensive 5-year spray program with captafol. Captan was far less effective than captafol. Both trunk diameter and fruit yield were negatively correlated with disease severity. After eight growing seasons, trees treated with captafol were 18% larger than the untreated trees. Yield of mature captafol-treated trees was 40% to 60% high er than that of untreated ones. Following termination of the spray program after 5 years, disease severity gradually increased on both captafol- and captan-treated trees. However, through eight growing seasons, disease severity was significantly lower on captafol-treated trees. This study demonstrates that peach tree fungal gummosis significantly depresses tree growth and fruit yield on susceptible peach cultivars.

scholarly journals A Fruit Quality Survey of Peach Cultivars Grown in the Southeastern United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Belisle ◽  
Uyen T.X. Phan ◽  
Koushik Adhikari ◽  
Dario J. Chavez
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Color Space ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Cultivar Differences

Peach (Prunus persica) production in the southeastern United States extends from mid-May to mid-September. There are ≈60 peach cultivars commercially grown. Each cultivar has unique fruit quality characteristics, which could influence consumer perception and likability. The present study is a survey of chemical and physical characteristics of mature, commercially grown, fresh peaches in Georgia. A collection of 30 cultivars was evaluated in 2015 and 2016 for soluble solids concentration (SSC), total titratable acidity (TTA), SSC/TTA ratio, texture (compression, puncture, and Kramer shear), and skin and flesh color (CIE L*, chroma, and hue color space values). There was significant variation between seasons for all variables (P < 0.05) except for TTA (P = 0.12), and flesh hue values (P = 0.38). Statistical differences among cultivars within each year were reported for all variables (P < 0.0001). SSC showed variation seasonally and among cultivars, whereas TTA variation was mainly attributed to cultivar differences. Similarly, cultivar-to-cultivar differences were found when comparing the different texture tests evaluated with cultivars such as Goldprince, Early August Prince, Flameprince, Majestic, and Red Globe having the most variation between seasons. Other cultivars analyzed had little variation between seasons. Moreover, firmness differences observed across the three texture tests were inconsistent. In peach skin color, significant variation was observed for L*, chroma, and hue among cultivars. Skin hue and chroma were highly correlated within each season (r = 0.77 for 2015, r = 0.72 for 2016). The results of this survey demonstrate the variation of quality characteristics for a large selection of peach cultivars grown in Georgia. The information reported in this paper will be used as a baseline for further examining and understanding peach fruit quality.

scholarly journals Interactive Effects of Light and Chilling on Peach Flower and Leaf Budbreak

HortScience ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 1056-1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Okie ◽  
Bryan Blackburn
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Fluorescent Light ◽  
Incandescent Light ◽  
Total Percentage ◽  
Winter Chilling ◽  
Effect Of Light

Timing of budbreak in response to winter chilling is a critical factor in the suitability of peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] cultivars to moderate climates such as that in the southeastern United States. Much of the research on chilling and dormancy has used excised cuttings or potted trees exposed to various treatments and forced under controlled conditions. Light is not generally considered an important factor in such experiments, and the effect of light during forcing has been little studied. The objective of this research was to compare light versus dark conditions during forcing as well as the effects of different colors of light during forcing. Our results showed that after chilling had been minimally satisfied, peach floral and vegetative budbreak occurred faster when forced in the presence of light than when forced in darkness. Light increased budbreak rate as well as the total percentage of budbreak. Red, yellow, and fluorescent light were more promotive in increasing budbreak than blue, green, infrared, or incandescent light, suggesting a role for phytochrome. Promotive effects of light were less when buds had received enough natural chill and heat to break within a week of forcing at 18 °C. In conclusion, light during forcing can have a significant effect of budbreak and needs to be considered when doing research on chilling and dormancy.

scholarly journals Freeze Damage of Carinata Grown in the Southeastern US

EDIS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Mulvaney ◽  
Mahesh Bashyal ◽  
Joseph Iboyi ◽  
Ramdeo Seepaul ◽  
Pratap Devkota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Southeastern Us ◽  
Freeze Damage ◽  
Management Issues

This publication serves as a guide to assess freeze damage and discuss management issues related to freeze damage of carinata in the southeastern United States. Written by Michael J. Mulvaney, Mahesh Bashyal, Joseph E. Iboyi, Ramdeo Seepaul, Pratap Devkota, Ian Small, and David Wright, and published by the UF/IFAS Agronomy Department, revised July 2021.

Does Enhancing Mind Perception Affect Conspiracy Belief?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Noguera
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Social Discourse ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Conspiracy Theories ◽  
Mind Perception ◽  
Mixed Anova ◽  
Interaction Term ◽  
The Mind

This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of a novel mind perception manipulation. Mind perception is currently theorized to be an essential aspect of a number of human social psychological processes. Thus, a successful manipulation would allow for the causal study of those processes. This manipulation was created in an attempt to explore the downstream impact of mind perception on the endorsement of conspiracy theories. Conspiracy theories are steadily becoming more and more prominent in social discourse. Endorsement of conspiracy theories are beginning to show real world ramifications such as a danger to human health (e.g., in the anti-vaccination movement). A sample of college students (valid N = 53) from a large rural institution in the southeastern United States participated for course credit. These participants completed a mind perception pretest, were randomly assigned to either the manipulation in question (in which participants are asked to consider the ‘mind’ of several targets and write their thoughts about them) or the control condition, and then they completed a posttest. The mixed ANOVA revealed that the interaction term between Time and Condition was not significant. Because the manipulation did not work, other analyses were aborted, in accord with the pre-registration. My Discussion focuses on the procedures and potential shortcomings of this manipulation, in an effort to lay the groundwork for a successful one.

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