scholarly journals Novel Laboratory Exercises in Plant Tissue Culture: In Vitro Asymbiotic Germination of Orchid Seeds

1994 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth W. Mudge ◽  
Chin-Chang Chu
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Stock Plant ◽  
Asymbiotic Seed Germination ◽  
Laboratory Exercise ◽  
Flower Pollination ◽  
Orchid Seed ◽  
Plant Flower ◽  
Single Laboratory

In vitro asymbiotic seed germination, subculture, and outplanting of orchids is presented as a laboratory exercise suitable for students of plant propagation or tissue culture. Dendrobium antennatum (Lindley), Phalaenopsis (Blume) white hybrid, or both, are used in this exercise because they flower predictably in the greenhouse, are reliable for seed production, and germinate and grow rapidly in vitro. The exercises can be used to instruct students in the skills involved in orchid seed sterilization, sowing, and culture, as well as instruct students in the unique features of orchid reproductive biology and symbiosis. A schedule is suggested for stock plant flower pollination, capsule harvest, seed sowing, and seedling subculture so that the necessary plant material is available for students to sow, subculture, and outplant seedlings during a single laboratory session.

scholarly journals THE USE OF NANO-SILVER FOR DISINFECTION OF Pennisetum alopecuroides PLANT MATERIAL FOR TISSUE CULTURE

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzena Parzymies ◽  
Krystyna Pudelska ◽  
Monika Poniewozik
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Nodal Explants ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Silver Particles ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Nano Silver ◽  
The Media ◽  
Pennisetum Alopecuroides

Initiation of tissue culture of many plant species is a very difficult stage due to appearance of many contaminations. The other problem might be a choice of media for regeneration. Initiation of grass species tissue cultures are thought to be very difficult. Therefore, a research was undertaken to evaluate the use of nano-silver particles for plant material disinfection and to estimate a medium Pennisetum alopecuroides. The plant material were buds and nodal explants that were disinfected in 2% NaOCl for 30 min or 0.1% HgCl2 for 1 min. Half of the explants disinfected with NaOCl were soaked in 50, 100 or 250 mg·dm Ag–3 NPs for 1 hour. Explants not soaked in nano-silver were placed on media with Ag NPs at concentrations of 4, 8 or 16 mg·dm–3. An influence of growth regulators on Pennisetum alopecuroides was evaluated in vitro. Regenerated shoots were placed on MS media with: 3 mg·dm–3 BA + 0.3 mg·dm–3 IBA, 3 mg·dm–3 KIN + 0.3 mg·dm–3 IAA, 1 mg·dm–3 BA + 0.1 mg·dm–3 IBA. It was observed that the use of nano-silver particles lowered the level of contamination. The best results were obtained when Ag NPs was used at concentration of 100–250 mg·dm–3 alone or as a supplementation of the media, at concentration of 4 mg·dm–3 for nodes and 16 mg·dm–3 for adventitious buds. The use of nodal explants allowed to obtain less contamination. Regeneration depended on a media content. The most regenerated shoots were obtained on the MS media supplemented with 1 mg·dm–3 BA and 0.1 mg·dm–3 IBA.

scholarly journals The effect of cytokinins on shoot proliferation, biochemical changes and genetic stability of Rhododendron ‘Kazimierz Odnowiciel’ in the in vitro cultures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Nowakowska ◽  
Anna Pińkowska ◽  
Ewa Siedlecka ◽  
Andrzej Pacholczak
Keyword(s):  
Efficient Method ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
In Vitro Cultures ◽  
Biochemical Changes ◽  
Stock Plant

AbstractShoot proliferation is a very important micropropagation phase, decisive for economic efficiency of this method for a given taxon. To obtain a high multiplication ratio and a good quality of microshoots a detailed propagation protocol must be developed for particular species or even cultivars. Rhododendron ‘Kazimierz Odnowiciel’ is a relatively new cultivar distinguished by large, beautiful flowers and high frost resistance so there is a need to develop an efficient method of its propagation to satisfy a growing demand for this plant. The aim of the experiment was to evaluate effects of cytokinins: meta-Topolin (mT), zeatin (ZEA), 6-benzyladenine (BA), thidiazuron (TDZ), 2-isopentenyladenine (2iP), or the combination of 2iP+ZEA on proliferation of shoots in R. ‘Kazimierz Odnowiciel’ cultured on Anderson’s medium (AN). Biochemical changes in plant material affected by cytokinins during this phase of micropropagation were determined and occurrence of genetical changes was followed using ISSR markers. TDZ, ZEA or the combination of ZEA+2iP resulted in 100% explant regeneration. On the medium with TDZ or ZEA over two new shoots per explant were produced but the highest proliferation was attained on the medium containing ZEA+2iP – over three shoots per explant. Microshoots developed in this treatment had also the highest contents of chlorophyll, carotenoids and soluble sugars as well as the highest catalase activity. Microshoots formed on the medium with zeatin showed the lowest polymorphism (below 4%) relative to a stock plant.

scholarly journals Asymbiotic seed germination and multiplication of an endangered orchid – Paphiopedilum venustum (Wall. ex Sims.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saranjeet Kaur ◽  
Kamlesh Kumar Bhutani
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Terrestrial Orchid ◽  
Asymbiotic Seed Germination ◽  
Orchid Seed ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Potato Powder ◽  
Survival Frequency

The present study was intended to facilitate ex situ conservation of <em>Paphiopedilum venustum</em>, a highly floriferous endangered terrestrial orchid species. A protocol was established for in vitro propagation and shoot multiplication. The cultures were initiated through asymbiotic seed germination technique, using undehisced and dehisced capsules. Four defined asymbiotic orchid seed germination media (terrestrial orchid medium, modified terrestrial orchid medium, Malmgren modified terrestrial orchid medium, Knudson C medium) were evaluated for their effectiveness in achieving maximum seed germination and early seedling development. The effect of darkness and 12-h photoperiod was also tested. Optimum seed germination, i.e., 82.7% was achieved on modified terrestrial orchid medium under a 12-h photoperiod using seeds from undehisced capsules. Shoot multiplication was accomplished using organic [peptone (1.0, 2.0 g L<sup>−1</sup>)] and inorganic [banana homogenate (10, 20, 30 g L<sup>−1</sup>) and potato powder (5.0, 10 g L<sup>−1</sup>)] growth supplements. Peptone at 1.0 g L<sup>−1</sup> was the most effective in multiplying the shoots. Plantlets were acclimatized in the greenhouse with 80% survival frequency.

scholarly journals 321 Conservation of an Endangered Virgin Islands Orchid Species through Tissue Culture

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 447D-447
Author(s):  
Thomas W. Zimmerman ◽  
Jacqueline Kowalski
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Endangered Species ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Virgin Islands ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Conservation Effort ◽  
Orchid Seed ◽  
East End ◽  
The U.S

The Sandy Point Orchid (Psychilis macconelliae) is listed as an endangered orchid species by the U.S. Virgin Islands Dept. of Planning and Natural Resources. This orchid grows naturally on the southern dry and wind-swept slopes found on the east-end of St. Croix. It can be found growing among cacti and bromeliads. Due to disturbance to the native habitat from land development, private collectors, and natural disasters, the population has diminished. Tissue culture is being successfully used in a conservation effort for this endangered species. Maturing seed pods were collected and surface disinfested and established in vitro. The medium consisted of one half Murashige & Skoog salts, Nitsch & Nitsch vitamins, 20 g/L sucrose, 2 g/L soy peptone, 5 g/L activated charcoal and 8 g/L agar. Seeds were spread on the medium in 15 × 100-mm petri plates and grown at 25 °C under a 16-h photoperiod. Seed germination occurred within 2 months with the development of protocorms. Leaves and roots developed by 5 months, at which time they were separated and transferred to fresh medium. At 8 months, they were established in a greenhouse and released back into their environment within 12 months. In vitro germination of the Sandy Point Orchid seed is an effective way of conserving this endangered species.

scholarly journals Keragaman genetik Anggrek Grammatophyllum scriptum asal biji dari hasil Kultur In Vitro berdasarkan penanda RAPD

Cassowary ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
Zarima Wibawati ◽  
Amelia Sarungallo ◽  
Barahima Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Polymorphic Band ◽  
Genetic Character ◽  
Orchid Seed

Propagation through tissue culture by using orchid seed as explants will produce a lot of orchid plants. This study aims to measure the genetic character of orchid plantlets that were regenerated from seeds which have been resulted from in vitro culture. The genetic character of the original orchid plants produced from in vitro culture was determined using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) molecular markers. The results showed that the primers used in the RAPD analysis showed a polymorphic band pattern of 14 DNA bands, with sizes between 500 bp - 8000 bp. The genetic distance of Grammatophyllum scriptum orchids that was regenerated from seeds is between 0.229 and 0.649.  The progenis produced from in vitro culture were clustered into seven groups at a dissimilarity coefficient of 45%.

scholarly journals Disinfection procedures for in vitro propagation of Anthurium

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva ◽  
Budi Winarto ◽  
Judit Dobránszki ◽  
Songjun Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Microbial Contaminants ◽  
Culture Protocol

Abstract Disinfection of plant material is the most important step of the tissue culture protocol. In this process, an attempt is made to eliminate microbial contaminants from the surface and interior of plant material, thus giving the explant a fighting chance at survival in vitro. Initial cultures of Anthurium species and cultivars, which are usually established from ex vitro material grown in a greenhouse, pots or in the field, easily contaminate the in vitro milieu. This review highlights the differences in disinfection protocols that exist for different species or cultivars of Anthurium. The protocol needs to be adjusted based on the material used: spadices, spathes, seeds, leaves, or roots. Regrettably, most of the currently published protocols, derived from a literature that spans over 100 published papers, have numerous weaknesses and flaws in the information provided pertaining to disinfection and infection levels. Advice for future Anthurium researchers should thus be followed cautiously.

RAPID IN VITRO PROPAGATION OF WESTERN GHATS CULTIVAR - COLOCASIA ESCULENTA FOR THE HIGH FREQUENCY OF PLANTLETS

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyothi R ◽  
Srinivasa Murthy K M ◽  
Hossein . ◽  
Veena .
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Colocasia Esculenta ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Rapid Multiplication ◽  
Medical Plant ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Planting Materials

Colocasia esculenta is commonly known as Taro, it is referred to as cocoyam in Nigeria. They are cherished for their rich taste, nutritional and medicinal properties. Every 100 g of taro corms possess 112 Kcal, 26.46 g carbohydrate, 1.50 g protein, 0.20 g total fat and 4.1g fiber (USDA National Nutrient Data Base). Besides its nutritional value, taro is used as a medical plant and provides bioactive compounds used as an anti-cancer drugs. Traditionally, cocoyams are vegetative propagated from tuber fragments, a practice that encourages pathogen distribution. Colocasia esculenta is a widely distributed food crop in the humid tropics and subtropics. Despite of its wide distribution, Taro plants are commonly infected with DsMV and other pathogens. This virus induces conspicuous mosaic, malformation, dwarfing or feathering on leaves in taro. As the results of infection, it reduces the quality and yield of taro production greatly. This virus is thus considered as a major limiting factor in the production of taro. Here plays the importance of  tissue culture plays a major role in producing the disease resistant plants round the year with high quality. For rapid multiplication and production of quality planting materials, tissue culture technology offers promising alternative compared to the traditional production methods. KEYWORDS: Colocasia esculenta, Virus, Pathogens, Conventional propagation, Micropropagation, Yield, Rapid multiplication, Quality

STUDIES ON THE GROWTH OF EXPERIMENTAL OVARIAN TUMOURS IN TISSUE CULTURE

1959 ◽  
Vol XXXII (I) ◽  
pp. 41-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stig Kullander ◽  
Bengt Källén
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Ovarian Tumours

ABSTRACT An in vitro study has been made of experimentally produced rat ovarian tumours of different age, paying particular attention to tumour reaction to crystallized steroids. Tumours of two histological structures were found: granulosa cell – luteoma tumours and arrhenoblastoma tumours. Both types grew in vitro and pictures of their cell appearance are given. The former type gave the best growth, and the endocrine studies were restricted to this type. The steroids tested (androsterone, oestrone, progesterone) all had an arresting effect in certain cases. This effect is not an unspecific, toxic one. The different tumours react to different extents, some being completely unaffected.

Media derived from brown seaweeds Cystoseira myriophylloides and Fucus spiralis for in vitro plant tissue culture

2016 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 437-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siham Esserti ◽  
Mohamed Faize ◽  
Lalla Aicha Rifai ◽  
Amal Smaili ◽  
Malika Belfaiza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Brown Seaweeds ◽  
Fucus Spiralis ◽  
In Vitro Plant
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