scholarly journals Estimating Nitrogen Mineralization of Composted Poultry Manure, Organic Fertilizers, and Green Manure Crops for Organic Sweet Corn Production on a Sandy Soil Under Laboratory Conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi J. Johnson ◽  
Jed B. Colquhoun ◽  
Alvin J. Bussan ◽  
Carrie A.M. Laboski
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Total N ◽  
Loamy Sand Soil

Organic sweet corn (Zea mays) production is challenging for growers because of the high nitrogen (N) requirements of sweet corn and the relatively low N content of organic soil amendments. Total N supplied and rate of mineralization throughout the growing season are two important aspects in determining the optimal N management program. Green manure (GrM) crops, composted manures, and commercially available organic fertilizers are used to manage N in organic production systems. Using a combination of these tactics can optimize N while minimizing cost. In this study, we used combinations of composted poultry manure (CPM) and two organic fertilizers (one high N and one with a balance of nutrients) with three GrM crops [rye (Secale cereale), alfalfa (Medicago sativa), and pea (Pisum sativum)] in a loamy sand soil for a 112-day laboratory incubation study. Total plant available N (PAN) was quantified at six times throughout the 16 weeks to determine total N mineralized and rate of N release from each of the management programs. The CPM and the high N organic fertilizer mineralized completely within the first 6 weeks of the study, while only 65% of the other organic fertilizer mineralized by the end of the study. Total N mineralized from pea grown as a GrM for 48 days was comparable to the amount of N mineralized from rye suggesting that pea as a GrM crop should not receive an N credit in field production on a sandy soil. Significant quantities of PAN were mineralized from alfalfa residue, the equivalent of 80 lb/acre, although this is not sufficient for sweet corn production. The combination of alfalfa and the high N organic fertilizer provided sufficient N for sweet corn production and the mineralization rate closely matched sweet corn need. The release of N from CPM, even in combination with GrM crops, was asynchronous with sweet corn crop need.

scholarly journals Yields and Soil Quality under Transitional Organic High Tunnel Tomatoes

HortScience ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Reeve ◽  
Dan Drost
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Total N ◽  
Soil P ◽  
High Tunnels

Interest in unheated plastic film-covered high tunnels to extend the growing season of high-value fruits and vegetables is growing rapidly, but sustainable soil management in intensively managed high tunnels is challenging. Yields, fruit quality, and soil quality in transition organic and conventional tomato were measured over the course of three growing seasons. Nitrogen (N) was applied at the rate of 112, 168, and 224 kg total N/ha in the form of chicken manure compost to the organic treatments and a polymer-coated slow-release urea fertilizer in the conventional treatments. Marketable yield of organically grown tomatoes was lower in Year 1 but equaled conventional tomatoes in Years 2 and 3. Soil quality as measured by total carbon (C) and N and microbial activity was significantly greater in organic tomato production at the end of the study. Significant phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) applied with the composted manure resulted in high soil P and K levels in organically managed high tunnels after just 3 years of application. Although compost is the most economical organic fertilizer and results in significant benefits in soil quality during the transition phase to organic production, a maintenance fertility plan is needed once available soil P reaches adequate to high levels. Combinations of compost and high N, low P organic fertilizers are needed for optimum maintenance fertility strategy for organic tunnel house production.

scholarly journals The Feasibility of Organic Nutrient Management in Large-scale Sweet Corn Production for Processing

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi J. Johnson ◽  
Jed B. Colquhoun ◽  
Alvin J. Bussan
Keyword(s):  
Green Manure ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Soil Amendments ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
N Content ◽  
N Management ◽  
Green Manure Crops

There is significant interest from vegetable processors, growers, and consumers in organic sweet corn (Zea mays) production. Organic nitrogen (N) management is particularly challenging in high N consuming crops such as sweet corn because of the low N content and low N to phosphorus (P) ratios of organic soil amendments. Various management programs were compared to determine the optimal combination of soil amendments and green manure crops for organic sweet corn production. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa), rye (Secale cereale), and field pea (Pisum sativum) were used as green manure crops. Composted poultry manure and a high N content organic fertilizer were used as organic amendments. Ammonium nitrate was used in a conventional management program for comparison. Treatments were designed to deliver a full rate of N (150 lb/acre), a half rate of N (75 lb/acre), and to limit the amount of P applied. Phosphorus can become a source of pollution when applied to erodible soils, particularly when soils already contain excessive P. Sweet corn yield in many of the organic programs was highly variable among years while the yield was more consistent in the conventional program. This was attributed to differences in organic N mineralization in both the green manure crops and the amendments. The most stable yield from an organic treatment, among years, was achieved using the commercially available organic N fertilizer. Commercially available amendments were costly, and although organic sweet corn received a premium price in years when organic yields were lower, profit was reduced by the high cost of N management.

scholarly journals PENYULUHAN DAN PENDAMPINGAN PENGGUNAAN PUPUK ORGANIK ECO FARMING PADA KELOMPOK TANI SINAR HARAPAN DUSUN PAOK KAMBUT DESA TELAGAWARU KECAMATAN LABUAPI

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 688
Author(s):  
Sanapiah Sanapiah ◽  
Yuntawati Yuntawati ◽  
Ade Kurniawan ◽  
Eliska Juliangkary ◽  
Pujilestari Pujilestari
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Service Activity ◽  
Farmer Groups ◽  
Production Areas

ABSTRAKKelompok Tani Sinar Harapan adalah kelompok tani di Dusun Paok Kambut Desa Telagawaru Kecamatan Labuapi Kabupaten Lombok Barat yang fokus membudidayakan  jagung manis pada setiap musim tanam tanpa dijeda dengan tanaman lainnya. Kelompok tani ini termasuk salah satu daerah produksi jagung manis untuk mensuplay kebutuhan pedagang- pedagang sayur di lokal dan regional Kota Mataram dan Lombok Barat, termasuk untuk para penjual jagung manis keliling. Namun ditengah wabah pandemic Covid-19, kelompok tani jagung manis ini dan juga kelompok-kelompok tani lainnya di berbagai daerah mengalami permasalahan yang sama terkait dengan pupuk subsidi yang langka dan sulit di dapatkan. Adapun solusi yang ditawarkan untuk mengatasi permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh Kelompok Tani Insan Harapan adalah 1) memberikan penyuluhan kepada anggota kelompok tani untuk mulai beralih ke pupuk organik Eco Farming yang kualitasnya sudah teruji dan harganya juga terjangkau sebagai  upaya           membuka wawasan para petani yang selama ini selalu tergantung pada pupuk Kimia, dan 2) melakukan pendampingan kepada anggota kelompok tani Sinar Harapan dalam pengaplikasian Pupuk Eco Farming untuk memberikan keyakinan akan manfaat dan kualitas dari pupuk organic eco farming. Metode Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilakukan dengan grup Focus Diskusi (FGD) yang diaplikasikan dalam kegiatan Penyuluhan dan pendampingan. Data hasil pengabdian diperoleh dari hasil wawancara dan pengamatan langsung. Dari hasil kegiatan pengabdian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan hasil panen jagung manis sekitar  20% dengan pengurangan Pukim hingga 80% setelah musim tanam kedua sampai ke empat (4 kali musim tanam) dan meningkatkan keterampilan anggota kelompok tani Sinar Harapan dalam pengaplikasian Pupuk Organik Eco Farming dengan tanpa pendampingan. Kata kunci: pendampingan; pupuk organic; eco farming; kelompok tani. ABSTRACTSinar Harapan Farmers Group is a farmer group in Paok Kambut Hamlet, Telagawaru Village, Labuapi District, West Lombok Regency that focuses on cultivating sweet corn in each growing season without being paused with other crops. This farmer group is one of the sweet corn production areas to supply the needs of local and regional vegetable traders in Mataram and West Lombok, including itinerant sweet corn sellers. However, in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic, this sweet corn farmer group as well as other farmer groups in various regions experienced the same problem related to subsidized fertilizers which were scarce and difficult to obtain. The solutions offered to overcome the problems faced by the Insan Harapan Farmer Group are 1) providing counseling to members of the farmer group to start switching to Eco Farming organic fertilizers whose quality has been tested and the price is also affordable as an effort to open the horizons of the farmers who have always depended on them. on chemical fertilizers, and 2) providing assistance to members of the Sinar Harapan farmer group in the application of Eco Farming Fertilizers to provide confidence in the benefits and quality of organic eco farming fertilizers. Methods This service activity is carried out with Focus Discussion groups (FGD) which are applied in counseling and mentoring activities. The data from the service was obtained from the results of interviews and direct observations. From the results of this service activity, it can be concluded that there is an increase in sweet corn yields of about 20% with a Pukim reduction of up to 80% after the second to fourth growing season (4 planting seasons) and improving the skills of members of the Sinar Harapan farmer group in the application of Eco Farming Organic Fertilizers. with no assistance. Keywords: assistance; organic fertilizer; eco farming; farmer groups. 

Effects of Cover Crops and Tillage on Sweet Corn Production

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 476d-476
Author(s):  
Gary R. Cline ◽  
Anthony F. Silvernail
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Total N ◽  
No Till ◽  
Winter Cover ◽  
Winter Cover Crops

A split-plot factorial experiment examined effects of tillage and winter cover crops on sweet corn in 1997. Main plots received tillage or no tillage. Cover crops consisted of hairy vetch, winter rye, or a mix, and N treatments consisted of plus or minus N fertilization. Following watermelon not receiving inorganic N, vetch, and mix cover cropsproduced total N yields of ≈90 kg/ha that were more than four times greater than those obtained with rye. However, vetch dry weight yields (2.7 mg/ha) were only about 60% of those obtained in previous years due to winter kill. Following rye winter cover crops, addition of ammonium nitrate to corn greatly increased (P < 0.05) corn yields and foliar N concentrations compared to treatments not receiving N. Following vetch, corn yields obtained in tilled treatments without N fertilization equaled those obtained with N fertilization. However, yields obtained from unfertilized no-till treatments were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than yields of N-fertilized treatments. Available soil N was significantly (P < 0.05) greater following vetch compared to rye after corn planting. No significant effects of tillage on sweet corn plant densities or yields were detected. It was concluded that no-tillage sweet corn was successful, and N fixed by vetch was able to sustain sweet corn production in tilled treatments but not in no-till treatments.In previous years normal, higher-yielding vetch cover crops were able to sustain sweet corn in both tilled and no-till treatments.

Responses of natural 15N abundance in cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis) and soil to the application of organic and chemical fertilizers

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 819-827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Wang ◽  
Guoqing Hu ◽  
Yanhong Lou ◽  
Zhihui Su ◽  
Yuping Zhuge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Isotope ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L ◽  
15N Abundance

Natural nitrogen isotope abundance (δ15N) has been suggested as a potential indicator for discriminating organic vegetables from their conventional counterparts. However, little is known about the δ15N characteristic of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis) under organic production and how the application of chemical fertilizers could affect this characteristic. In this study, δ15N characteristics of cauliflower (including the intra-plant δ15N characteristic) and soil under different fertilization treatments were investigated under field conditions. Five treatments were laid out: control, chemical fertilizers (F4M0), organic fertilizer (F0M4), and chemical fertilizer in combination with organic fertilizer at the ratio of 3:1 (F3M1) and 1:3 (F1M3). Results showed that plant δ15N was positively correlated with fertilizer δ15N and plant root/flower was more sensitive to changes of fertilizer δ15N and soil δ15N than leaf/stem. Distribution of δ15N in different plant parts (especially in flower and leaf) was significantly changed when organic fertilizers were partially or totally substituted by chemical fertilizers, suggesting a comparison of flower δ15N and leaf δ15N might be applicable for the organic identification of marketed cauliflowers. Our results provide fundamental data for the soil- and fertilizer-specific crop δ15N database and indicate that the intra-plant δ15N characteristic could be helpful for organic cauliflower identification.

scholarly journals Influence of Organic Fertilizers on Productivity of Barley: A Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arebu Hussen Yimer
Keyword(s):  
Management Practice ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Animal Manure ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Research Report ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
The World

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is one of the ancient cereal crops of agriculture in the world and one of the first domesticated cereals and fourth largest cereal crop next to maize, wheat and rice in the world. It contributes seven percent of the total cereal production. The production of barley in Ethiopia reduced by many factors from these biotic factors including rodents, pathogens, diseases, weed, pests, insects and abiotic stress like drought, flooding, temperature stress, salinity, poor management practice, frost, poor soil fertility, agronomic practice etc. among those the most important factors that reduce yield of barley in Ethiopia are the use of inappropriate organic fertilizers. Thus, the main objective of this paper is to review the influence of organic fertilizers on productivity of barely. The review was done by collecting the various published and unpublished materials relevant information from different literature sources like libraries, research report, journals, books and Internet center. As various scholars mentioned organic fertilizers affect the growth, development and yield of barley. The uses of farm yard manure, animal manure, poultry manure and vermi compost considerably improved yield and yield component of barley such as number of tillers per plant, spike length, straw, biomass, grain weight and grain yield. It concludes using organic fertilizer has crucial role for increasing barley production and productivity.

scholarly journals Rate and Timing of Meat and Bone Meal Applications Influence Growth, Yield, and Soil Water Nitrate Concentrations in Sweet Corn Production

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1945
Author(s):  
Tiare Silvasy ◽  
Amjad A. Ahmad ◽  
Koon-Hui Wang ◽  
Theodore J. K. Radovich
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Split Application ◽  
Meat And Bone Meal ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Application Rates

Using local resources and minimizing environmental impacts are two important components of sustainable agriculture. Meat and bone meal (MBM), tankage, is a locally produced organic fertilizer. This study was conducted to investigate the response of sweet corn (Zea mays L. var. saccharata Stuart.) and soil water nitrate (NO3-N) concentration to MBM application at two locations, Waimānalo and Poamoho, on the island of O’ahu. The objectives were to determine effects of six application rates (0, 112, 224, 336, 448 and 672 kg N ha−1) and two application timings (preplant and split application) on: (1) sweet corn growth, yield, and quality, and (2) soil water nitrate concentration within and below the root zone. The split-plot was designed as four replicates randomly arranged in a complete block. Plant growth of roots and shoots, yield, and relative leaf chlorophyll content of sweet corn increased with increasing application rates of MBM in both locations. At Poamoho, yield was 13.6% greater in preplant versus split application. Nitrate-nitrogen losses were reduced by 20% at Waimānalo and 40% at Poamoho when MBM was applied in split applications. These findings suggest that MBM is an effective nitrogen source for sweet corn and a split application of MBM may reduce the potential for pollution.

scholarly journals Effect of Organic compost on Chemical Parameters for Two Varieties of Tomato Plant (Solanum esculentium L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 262-271
Author(s):  
Huda H. Aziz ◽  
Myson M. Kadim ◽  
Mohsen A. Desher
Keyword(s):  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Total N ◽  
Total P ◽  
Corn Residues

The experiment conducted during 2018-2019 to study effect of added 15 and 30 t.h-1 level of three kinds of decomposing organic fertilizers on some chemical properties for two varieties of tomato (Red flower F1 and Waad RZ) in field of agricultural experiments station college of Agriculture, University of Basrah. Results showed a significantly effect of hybrid (Red flower F1) compared with hybrid (Waad RZ) on leaves content of : Total chlorophyll, total N and total soluble carbohydrate, increased 10.6, 14.39 and 8.84% respectively. Results showed a significant effect of organic fertilizer especially 15 t.ha-1 poultry fertilizer on total chlorophyll and total N in leaves content with increase of 67.75 and 110.31% respectively, 30 t.ha-1 poultry fertilizer significantly increased of total P in leaves content increased 143.48%. Decomposing cattle fertilizer with 30 t.ha-1 significantly increased of total K in leaves content with increased 181.30% also corn residues fertilizer with 30 t.ha-1 significantly increased of total soluble carbohydrate with 109.89%. Interaction between experiment factors were significantly effect on total chlorophyll, K and soluble carbohydrate in leaves content. Study also revealed different influences of organic fertilizer as follow: The poultry fertilizer (15 t.ha-1) increased the total leaves content of chlorophyll and N with 67.75 and 110.31% respectively. While the poultry fertilizer (30 t.ha-1) significantly increased the total leaves content of P with 143.48%. The decomposed cattle fertilizer (30 t.ha-1) significantly increased the total leaves content of K with 181.30%. Whereas corn residues (30 t.ha-1) significantly raised the total leaves content of soluble carbohydrate with 109.89%.

scholarly journals Sustainable Fertilizer Strategies for Vaccinium corymbosum x V. angustifolium under Abandoned Peatland Conditions

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Angela Koort ◽  
Marge Starast ◽  
Priit Põldma ◽  
Ulvi Moor ◽  
Leila Mainla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Carbon Reduction

Revegetating abandoned peatlands plays an important role in reducing the CO2 footprint. One possibility for carbon reduction is cultivating blueberries as calcifuge plants in acidic peat soil. The aim of the experiment was to find out the effect of different fertilizers on half-highbush blueberry cultivar ‘Northblue’ growth and biochemical parameters in peatland conditions. The experiment was carried out in 2011–2015 with four organic and one mineral fertilizer, where three were composted chicken manure- and one maltose-based organic fertilizer. The soil of the experimental area belongs to the soil subgroup Fibri–Dystric Histosol with the peat layer 1.0–1.5 m deep. Organic fertilizer 4–1–2, which contained seaweed but had low phosphorus and potassium content, resulted in high yields in 2011 and 2013, with similar vegetative growth and comparable biochemical parameters as mineral fertilizer 6–14–23. The principal component analysis showed that the experimental year was more important in determining fruit parameters than the fertilizer type. However, our results indicated that the organic fertilizers are alternatives to mineral fertilizer for organic production.

Quality of Municipal Solid Waste Compost from Mechanical Biological Treatment (MBT)

2020 ◽  
Vol 898 ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
Erna Lestianingrum ◽  
Misnen
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Total N ◽  
Increasing Demand

Fertilization for agriculture and plantation nutrition still dominated by chemical fertilizers. Organic fertilizers utilization for soils is believed has not had the same quality as existing fertilizer standards. On the other hand, increasing waste problems has become environmental issues that have not been properly resolved. MSW process by using MBT Method is able to change the waste management system and produce RDF Fluff products as alternative fuels and compost fertilizers. Research have showed that the quality of organic fertilizer from the Mechanical Biological Treatment (MBT) process met the SNI 19-7030-2004 parameters with the total N = 1.38%, P2O5 = 0.66% and K2O = 2.34%. Production cost of making organic fertilizer is lower than NPK and the amount used for ground application is higher than NPK. Market confidence began gradually improving due to consumer increasing demand.

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