scholarly journals Ressourcen und Belastungen im Arbeitsfeld Schulassistenz: Eine explorative Interviewstudie mit Schulassistent*innen verschiedener Schulformen in NRW

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Schindler ◽  
Maike Schindler
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Teaching Assistants ◽  
Organizational Socialization ◽  
School Context ◽  
Soziale Unterstützung ◽  
Interview Study ◽  
Interview Data ◽  
Work Area ◽  
Potential Impact

Schulassistenz gewinnt im schulischen Kontext zunehmend an Bedeutung. Die Beschäftigungszahlen nehmen kontinuierlich zu, jedoch erfolgt die Leistungserbringung häufig unter augenscheinlich ungünstigen Bedingungen. Dabei sind die Arbeitsbedingungen, insbesondere Belastungen und Ressourcen im Arbeitsfeld Schulassistenz, weitgehend unerforscht. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt eine qualitativ-explorative Interviewstudie mit acht Schulassistent*innen vor, in deren Rahmen die von den Schulassistent*innen wahrgenommenen Belastungen und Ressourcen ihres Arbeitsfeldes untersucht wurden. Basierend auf umfangreichem Interviewmaterial konnten verschiedene Faktoren von Belastungen und Ressourcen im Arbeitsfeld Schulassistenz herausgearbeitet werden. So erwies sich z. B. eine unzureichende organisationale Sozialisation als Belastungsfaktor, während aufgabenbezogene Kooperation und soziale Unterstützung als Ressourcen identifiziert wurden. Der Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über die gefundenen Faktoren von Belastungen und Ressourcen bei Schulassistent*innen, thematisiert mögliche Auswirkungen in Arbeitstätigkeiten und ordnet diese theoretisch und bezogen auf das Forschungsfeld ein.Abstract Teaching assistance in Germany (so-called “school assistance”) is gaining increasing significance in the school context. Employment figures of teaching assistants are growing continuously, whereas the teaching assistants’ working conditions are apparently unfavorable in many cases. However, previous research has not yet addressed teaching assistants’ working conditions sufficiently: In particular, the occupational resources and demands in their work area are largely unexplored. This article presents a qualitative-explorative interview study with eight teaching assistants, which investigates what occupational resources and demands teaching assistants perceive in their work area. Based on extensive interview data, we identified various burdensome as well as advantageous factors. For example, a lack of organizational socialization was perceived as occupational demand, whereas collaboration und social support were perceived as resources. This article gives an overview of factors of occupational resources and demands in the work area of teaching assistants, it addresses the factors’ potential impact on the teaching assistances’ work, and sorts them theoretically and with respect to previous research.

The influence of working conditions in the basic branches of animal husbandry on the nosological structure of occupational morbidity of workers

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
G. Bezrukova ◽  
M. Shalashova ◽  
T. Novikova ◽  
V. Spirin
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Work Area ◽  
Poultry Workers ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Cattle Breeders ◽  
Sacral Radiculopathy

On the basis of updated data, the influence of working conditions on the nosological structure of professional morbidity of workers in the basic branches of animal husbandry of the Russian Federation is analyzed. In total, from 2011 to 2017, occupational diseases were detected in 823 livestock workers, who received 881 diagnoses, of which the share of cattle breeders, poultry breeders and pig breeders accounted for 95,0, 3,4 and 1,6 % of cases, respectively. Harmful labor factors that cause the formation of professional pathology in livestock breeders were: physical overload (64,6 %), industrial contact with cattle infected with Brucella abortus bovis (32,6 %) and the presence of dust in the work area containing toxic chemicals and aggressive biological mixes (2,3 %). A high etiopathogenetic relationship between the nosological form of the disease and working conditions in the profession was revealed. In livestock workers, occupational diseases were formed under the influence of physical overloads (64,6 %) and infection with the brucellosis pathogen (34,6 %); in pig farming, as a result of the severity of labor (84.5 %) and air pollution of the working area with dust, chemical toxicants and biologically active substances (7,7 %); in poultry farming, occupational health risk was associated with allergization of working with poultry products (50 %) and physical overloads (42,9 %). In the nosological spectrum of accumulated occupational diseases of livestock workers, the first rank places were occupied by residual brucellosis (32,6 %), radiculopathy of the cervical and lumbo-sacral levels (25,8 %), mono- and polyneuropathy (25,2 %), arthrosis and polyarthrosis (8,2 %), shoulder and shoulder periarthrosis (5,4 %). In poultry workers ¾ respiratory diseases: allergic bronchial asthma (39,3 %), allergic rhinopharyngitis (10,7 %) and cervical and lumbo-sacral radiculopathy (21,4 %). Pig workers were mainly diagnosed with cervical and lumbo-sacral radiculopathy (46,2 %), mono- and polyneuropathy (23,1 %), shoulder periarthrosis (15.4 %).

scholarly journals Asbestos Exposure of Chrysotile Miners and Millers in Balangero, Italy

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 636-644
Author(s):  
Stefano Silvestri ◽  
Daniela Ferrante ◽  
Andrea Giovannini ◽  
Francesco Grassi ◽  
Stefania Carofalo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Asbestos Exposure ◽  
Industrial Hygiene ◽  
Cumulative Exposure ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Work Area ◽  
Russian Study ◽  
History Of

Abstract The largest chrysotile mine in Western Europe was active in Balangero (Italy) from 1917 to 1990. We quantitatively assessed exposure to asbestos in the framework of a cohort study on mortality of Balangero miners and millers. Using documents filed at the Italian State Archive we reconstructed the job-histories of cohort members. The concentration of asbestos fibres by work-area was derived from industrial hygiene surveys since 1968 and monitoring programs since 1975. Earlier exposures had been estimated based on the experimental reconstruction of past working conditions. In the mine concentrations of about 20 fibres per millilitre (f/ml) were initially present, decreasing to 5 in the mid-1950s and to <1 in late 1970s. In milling areas higher levels were present and did not fall below 1 f/ml until the mid-1980s. Cumulative exposure of cohort members, as the sum over their job-history of their year- and area-specific exposures, were <10 fibre/millilitre years (f/ml-y) in 18% of workers, 10–100 in 32%, 100–1000 in 37%, and >1000 in 13%. Compared with recently published estimates for the Russian chrysotile mine in Asbest, fibre concentrations in Balangero were higher during the 1950s and 1960s. Such difference may be partly accounted for by difficulties in converting dust measurements to fibre concentrations in the Russian study and the need to rely on the experimental reconstruction of exposures before 1968 in our study.

Distressful Situations, Non-Supportive Work Climate, Threats to Professional and Private Integrity

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabet Tiselius ◽  
Elisabet Hägglund ◽  
Pernilla Pergert
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Language Barriers ◽  
Work Climate ◽  
Interview Study ◽  
Equal Access ◽  
Main Concern

This chapter describes situations of distress and the working climate of healthcare interpreters in Sweden. A questionnaire focused on distressful situations was administered to interpreters with experience in healthcare interpreting. The results indicated that distress in healthcare interpreting could be traced back to ethically and emotionally challenging interpreting situations and working conditions, and a lack of respect for the interpreters' work. An interview study using Grounded Theory showed that interpreters' main concern was the threat to professional and private integrity. Despite the fact that in general the interpreting profession in Sweden may seem professionalized, interpreters struggle with dilemmas connected to less professionalized activities. Our study was conducted in Sweden, but we argue that the results can be generalized to other countries. Although differently organized in different countries, health care interpreters experience similar dilemmas. Equal access to equitable care can be effectively hindered by language barriers.

scholarly journals Health behaviours and psychosocial working conditions as predictors of disability pension due to different diagnoses: a population-based study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annina Ropponen ◽  
Jurgita Narusyte ◽  
Karri Silventoinen ◽  
Pia Svedberg
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Disability Pension ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Job Control ◽  
Psychosocial Working Conditions ◽  
Unit Increase

Abstract Background To investigate whether the clustering of different health behaviours (i.e. physical activity, tobacco use and alcohol consumption) influences the associations between psychosocial working conditions and disability pension due to different diagnoses. Methods A population-based sample of 24,987 Swedish twins born before 1958 were followed from national registers for disability pension until 2013. Baseline survey data in 1998–2003 were used to assess health behaviours and psychosocial Job Exposure Matrix for job control, job demands and social support. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results During follow-up, 1252 disability pensions due to musculoskeletal disorders (5%), 601 due to mental diagnoses (2%) and 1162 due to other diagnoses (5%) occurred. In the models controlling for covariates, each one-unit increase in job demands was associated with higher (HR 1.16, 95%CI 1.01–1.33) and in job control with lower (HR 0.87, 95%CI 0.80–0.94) risk of disability pension due to musculoskeletal disorders among those with unhealthy behaviours. Among those with healthy behaviours, one-unit increase of social support was associated with a higher risk of disability pension due to mental and due to other diagnoses (HRs 1.29–1.30, 95%CI 1.04–1.63). Conclusions Job control and job demands were associated with the risk of disability pension due to musculoskeletal disorders only among those with unhealthy behaviours. Social support was a risk factor for disability pension due to mental or other diagnoses among those with healthy behaviours. Workplaces and occupational health care should acknowledge these simultaneous circumstances in order to prevent disability pension.

scholarly journals “This Isn’t Just about Things, It’s about People and Their Future”: A Qualitative Analysis of the Working Conditions and Strains of Social Workers in Refugee and Homeless Aid

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (20) ◽  
pp. 3858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Wirth ◽  
Janika Mette ◽  
Albert Nienhaus ◽  
Zita Schillmöller ◽  
Volker Harth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Work Organisation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Psychological Strain ◽  
Job Content

Large parts of Europe have been affected by an influx of refugees and increasing homelessness in recent years. Social workers provide care services for refugees and homeless people, but little is known about their working conditions. The aim of this study was to examine their job demands, resources and health strains. 26 semi-structured interviews were conducted with social workers in refugee and homeless aid in Hamburg and Berlin between October and December 2017. The interviews were analysed following Mayring’s qualitative content analysis. Additionally, the job demands and resources of social workers with and without long-term psychological strain were compared. Respondents particularly experienced demands concerning their job content and work organisation, including emotional and quantitative demands. Appreciation expressed by clients and social support from the team served as key resources. Respondents had problems switching off from work, were exhausted and exhibited signs of long-term psychological strain, such as symptoms of burnout or depressive states. Workers reporting long-term psychological strain were more likely to consider themselves as being adversely constrained by legal requirements and to describe inadequate supervision offers and team conflicts. In conclusion, the results indicate the need for job-specific health promotion measures reducing particularly demands concerning social workers’ job content and work organisation and further strengthening their social support.

scholarly journals Factors associated with employment and expected work retention among persons with multiple sclerosis: findings of a cross-sectional citizen science study

2020 ◽  
Vol 267 (10) ◽  
pp. 3069-3082
Author(s):  
Anja I. Lehmann ◽  
Stephanie Rodgers ◽  
Christian P. Kamm ◽  
Mathias Mettler ◽  
Nina Steinemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Retention ◽  
Psychosocial Working Conditions

Abstract Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) notably affects adults of working age. For persons with MS (PwMS), being employed enhances their quality of life and it may be regarded as an indicator of overall functioning. Thus, ensuring work participation in PwMS is of general public health interest. Objective To examine relevant socio-demographic, MS-, health- and work-related factors, including psychosocial working conditions, associated with currently working PwMS in Switzerland and their expected work retention. Methods Using cross-sectional data of PwMS in the Swiss MS Registry (n = 541, median age = 48 [IQR 40;55]), multivariable logistic regression models were computed. First, currently working PwMS were characterised in comparison with those not currently working. Second, expected work retention, operationalized as subjective judgement “likely to work in the same job in 2 years”, was examined within the group of currently working PwMS. Results The factors age (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.92–0.99), sex (OR 0.28, 95% CI 0.13–0.60), highest achieved job position (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.01–1.46), health-related quality of life (HRQoL) (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01–1.04) and the number of MS symptoms (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.82–0.98) were associated with currently working PwMS. Moreover, HRQoL (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.04–1.10) and psychosocial working conditions, such as job resources (e.g. autonomy, control or social support) (OR 2.83, 95% CI 1.50–5.33) and job demands (e.g. workload, time pressure) (OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.18–0.90) were important factors for expected work retention among this group. Conclusions Resourceful psychosocial working conditions are crucial for PwMS to maintain employment. Employers could contribute to work retention among PwMS by creating a work environment with resourceful psychosocial working conditions and providing, for instance, social support.

scholarly journals Hubungan Dukungan Sosial Dengan Self-EfficacyIbu Postpartum

JKEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-172
Author(s):  
Desiana Rachmawati ◽  
Lina Ayu Marcelina ◽  
Indah Permatasari
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Maternal Mental Health ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Area ◽  
Postpartum Mothers

Maternal self-efficacy is part of the concept of self-efficacy which is the mother's belief in her Maternal self-efficacy is part of the concept of self-efficacy which is the mother's belief in her ability to carry out her role as a parent, one of which can be influenced by social support. Social support arises because of interactions with other people who make a person feel cared for and appreciated, if social support is not obtained by postpartum mothers, the possibility of mothers experiencing postpartum depression will increase. The crisis period in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic raises concerns, especially for postpartum mothers because of limited access to formal and informal support which will increase maternal mental health problems. The research design used was cross sectional. The population of this study, namely all postpartum mothers in the Pejuang Health Center Work Area, Bekasi City, amounted to 132 people and obtained a total sample of 116 respondents through a sampling technique, namely accidental sampling. Data analysis used chi-square at 95% confidence level. The results of this study showed a significant relationship between social support and MSE (p = 0.038). It is hoped that health services can increase their participation in providing counseling based on family support for postpartum mothers by including the family to have a positive effect on the bond between mother and baby.

scholarly journals A Study of the Results of Coronavirus (COVID-19) on the Nigerian Maritime Workers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. J. Okeleke
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Work Force ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Financial Health ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Import And Export

Findings have shown that the recent lockdown of the economy and restriction of movements in Nigeria, due to Corona virus (COVID-19) pandemic, seriously affected the Nigerian shipping, Aviation industries, Land transport sector, Financial, Health and Educational sectors. Import and export operations were hampered. The Nigerian maritime workers; mariners and seafarers were mentally and psychologically disturbed. Some were stranded in their various workplaces; aboard ships, platform rigs and stayed beyond their agreed contractual terms. They, therefore, lack social support from their family members and friends. Similarly, they had little or no support from their management, who were more concerned about contract execution than the welfare of their work force.  This paper, however, is supporting the recommendation that the living and working conditions of the Nigerian Maritime workers and seafarers stranded and those whose salary and promotion arrears have not been paid during this pandemic should be given utmost attention. This should include applying pragmatic approach on the facilitation of sea workers’ health insurance schemes and incentives.

scholarly journals Friendship and Cancer

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-65
Author(s):  
Rebecca Evans ◽  
Pascal Mallet ◽  
Cécile Bazillier ◽  
Phillipe Amiel
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
School Context ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Evidence Based

Friendships are a powerful healing force for physical and mental illness. The study of the role of friendship for cancer patients has been relatively neglected and academic evidence-based studies are lacking. A literature review of research was performed linking cancer with friendships and social support (other than that provided by family members or members of medical staff). Some studies report the importance of friendships formed amongst young children and often in a school context; fewer studies have focused on friendships amongst adults with cancer. Direct links between friendships formed and/or maintained amongst cancer patients and their precise effects on an individual’s battle with cancer have yet to be explored.

scholarly journals P.2.29 Does a change in working conditions influence labour force participation among workers with a chronic disease?

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A94.3-A95
Author(s):  
Jolinda Schram ◽  
Suzan Robroek ◽  
Patricia Ots ◽  
Sander van Zon ◽  
Sandra Brouwer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Discrete Time ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Physical Workload ◽  
Survival Models ◽  
Paid Employment

ObjectiveThis study investigated the association between changing working conditions and exit from paid employment during the following year among older workers with a chronic disease in the Netherlands.MethodFour annual waves from the Study on Transitions in Employment, Ability and Motivation (STREAM; 2010–2013) provided information on working conditions and demographics for 2838 older workers with a chronic disease, aged 45–64 years. The analytical sample consisted of 5491 responses from 2838 workers. Five types of working conditions were investigated; physical workload, psychological job demands, job autonomy, emotional job demands and social support. Discrete-time survival models were used to estimate the associations of change in working conditions in a particular year on the probability of exiting paid work for persons with a chronic disease in the following year.ResultsOf the 2838 workers, a small majority was male (52%), most workers had an intermediate level of education (39.7%), and the mean age was 53.7 years (SD 5.50). Results showed that working conditions substantially changed (i.e. difference of one standard deviation) between two waves. Social support and emotional job demands had the highest amounts of substantial changes (17% and 19%), while physical demands remained relatively stable (6% substantial change). After the first two waves, about 12% of workers with a chronic illness left paid employment. Results of discrete-time survival models are expected to be available in 2019 (by the time of the EPICOH conference).ConclusionEnsuring that working conditions can be adapted to the needs of older workers who have a chronic disease may help to extend working life.

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