Auditory Masking Patterns in Bottlenose Dolphins from Anthropogenic and Natural Sound Sources

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian K. Branstetter
Keyword(s):  
Bottlenose Dolphins ◽  
Auditory Masking ◽  
Sound Sources ◽  
Natural Sound

scholarly journals The what and where of synchronous sound perception

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guus C. van Bentum ◽  
John Van Opstal ◽  
Marc Mathijs van Wanrooij
Keyword(s):  
Sound Localization ◽  
Prior Information ◽  
Spatial Separation ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Identification Accuracy ◽  
Single Source ◽  
Sound Sources ◽  
Sound Perception ◽  
Natural Sound ◽  
Simultaneous Source

Sound localization and identification are challenging in acoustically rich environments. The relation between these two processes is still poorly understood. As natural sound-sources rarely occur exactly simultaneously, we wondered whether the auditory system could identify ('what') and localize ('where') two spatially separated sounds with synchronous onsets. While listeners typically report hearing a single source at an average location, one study found that both sounds may be accurately localized if listeners are explicitly being told two sources exist. We here tested whether simultaneous source identification (one vs. two) and localization is possible, by letting listeners choose to make either one or two head-orienting saccades to the perceived location(s). Results show that listeners could identify two sounds only when presented on different sides of the head, and that identification accuracy increased with their spatial separation. Notably, listeners were unable to accurately localize either sound, irrespective of whether one or two sounds were identified. Instead, the first (or only) response always landed near the average location, while second responses were unrelated to the targets. We conclude that localization of synchronous sounds in the absence of prior information is impossible. We discuss that the putative cortical 'what' pathway may not transmit relevant information to the 'where' pathway. We examine how a broadband interaural correlation cue could help to correctly identify the presence of two sounds without being able to localize them. We propose that the persistent averaging behavior reveals that the 'where' system intrinsically assumes that synchronous sounds originate from a single source.

scholarly journals Probing Europa's interior with natural sound sources

Icarus ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 165 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunwoong Lee ◽  
Michele Zanolin ◽  
Aaron M. Thode ◽  
Robert T. Pappalardo ◽  
Nicholas C. Makris
Keyword(s):  
Sound Sources ◽  
Natural Sound

scholarly journals Interactive Auditory Navigation in the Molecular Structures of Amino Acids: A Case Study Using Multiple Concurrent Sound Sources Representing Nearby Atoms

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danyi Liu ◽  
Edwin van der Heide
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Acid Molecule ◽  
Auditory Masking ◽  
Amino Acid Molecule ◽  
Sound Sources

We are interested in sonifying the molecular structures of amino acids. This paper describes the context and the first design choices for our approach. So far, we believe an amino acid molecule is too complex to be perceived at once. Therefore, we have designed an interactive form of sonification in which the listener navigates through the molecule over the network of carbon atoms. We describe our different approaches and discuss the topic of immediacy: the time it takes to recognize the structure surrounding the listener’s position while navigating. Furthermore, we touch upon the question how many atoms we can sonify simultaneously and the role auditory masking plays in this context. To overcome auditory masking, we propose to use irregular but easy to recognize sounds. We conclude with an interest in a three-dimensional navigation environment using general molecular structures for further research and development.

scholarly journals KAJIAN SOUNDSCAPE DI RUANG PUBLIK TERBUKA TENGAH KOTA PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 (STUDI KASUS: TAMAN CATTLEYA, TOMANG, JAKARTA BARAT)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Bambang Heryanto ◽  
Mona Anggiani ◽  
Ashri Prawesthi
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Mechanical Equipment ◽  
Construction Work ◽  
Sound Sources ◽  
Urban Public Space ◽  
City Space ◽  
Natural Sound ◽  
Motorized Vehicles ◽  
The City

Abstract: Urban public spaces are public spaces that are visited by many urban residents with all the activities they can do. In the urban public space, various kinds of voices or sounds fill this space. Voices can be heard from any room or place in the city. The natural environment, humans, and mechanical equipment produce sound landscapes or soundscapes in the city space air. In urban public spaces, activities carried out by humans can produce artificial sound, while natural activities produce natural sound. The purpose of this study is to describe and explore the sound landscape in urban public space. This research was conduct on holidays, by observing various types of sounds and voices, the distribution of sources, time, and strength of sounds and voices to achieve the research objectives. Found that after the observation, in the open public space of Cattleya Tomang Park, West Jakarta, the results of mechanical sound sources came from the roar of motorized vehicles and the sound of construction work was more dominant than natural sounds that came from humans, trees, and animals. Research on soundscapes in urban public spaces is expected to be a basis for consideration in designing urban public spaces so that public spaces can be enjoyed more by city residents who use them.                                  Abstrak: Ruang publik kota merupakan ruang publik yang banyak dikunjungi oleh warga kota dengan segala kegiatan yang bisa dilakukan. Di dalam ruang publik kota, berbagai ragam suara atau bunyi mengisi ruang ini. Bentang suara dapat didengar dari berbagai ragam ruang atau tempat di kota. Alam lingkungan, manusia, maupun peralatan mekanik memproduksi bentang suara atau soundscape di udara ruang kota. Di ruang publik kota, kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh oleh manusia dapat menghasilkan bunyi, sementara kegiatan alami menghasilkan suara. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan dan mengeksplorasi bentang suara yang berada di ruang publik kota. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada hari libur, dengan mengobservasi berbagai macam jenis bunyi dan suara, sebaran sumber, waktu, dan kekuatan bunyi dan suara untuk mencapai tujuan penelitian. Didapati setelah pengamatan, pada ruang publik terbuka Taman Cattleya Tomang, Jakarta Barat, hasil sumber bunyi mekanik berasal dari deru mesin kendaraan bermotor dan bunyi pekerjaan konstruksi pembangunan gedung lebih dominan dibandingkan dengan suara alami yang datang dari manusia, pepohonan, maupun hewan. Penelitian soundscape di ruang publik kota ini diharapkan dapat menjadi dasar pertimbangan dalam perancangan ruang publik kota agar ruang publik lebih dapat dinikmati oleh warga kota yang memanfaatkannya.  

Time and frequency metrics related to auditory masking of a 10 kHz tone in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus)

2013 ◽  
Vol 134 (6) ◽  
pp. 4556-4565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian K. Branstetter ◽  
Jennifer S. Trickey ◽  
Hitomi Aihara ◽  
James J. Finneran ◽  
Tori R. Liberman
Keyword(s):  
Tursiops Truncatus ◽  
Bottlenose Dolphins ◽  
Auditory Masking
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