A Preliminary Investigation of Traumatically Induced Axonal Injury in a Three-Dimensional (3-D) Finite Element Model (FEM) of the Human Head During Blast-Loading

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy M. Dagro ◽  
Philip J. McKee ◽  
Reuben H. Kraft ◽  
Timothy G. Zhang ◽  
Sikhanda S. Satapathy
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Axonal Injury ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Blast Loading ◽  
Human Head ◽  
Element Model

Development of a Human Head-Neck Computational Model for Assessing Blast Injury

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Roberts ◽  
E. E. Ward ◽  
T. P. Harrigan ◽  
T. M. Taylor ◽  
M. A. Annett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Grid Point ◽  
Blast Loading ◽  
Human Head ◽  
Material Model ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Head Model ◽  
The Brain

A finite element model (FEM) of the human head attached to a Hybrid III FEM neck was developed to study the effects of blast loading on the brain. Simulations of blast loading to this Human Head Finite Element Model (HHFEM) were generated by creating a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of the HHFEM headform in a shock tube. Three different driver pressure loading conditions from experimental testing of the Human Surrogate Head Model (HSHM) were simulated by this model. The pressure time histories at each grid point of the CFD headform were used as inputs to the HHFEM. Brain/cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) and CSF/skull boundary conditions along with different brain material models were considered. The Kelvin-Maxwell material model and a low friction surface-to-surface interface were found to best replicate conditions seen in experimental testing of the HSHM. Deformations in the anterior and posterior locations of the brain varied from 0.5–0.9 mm and intracranial pressures at those locations were between 32 and 55 kPa.

Torsional Analysis of a Steel Cord-Rubber Tire Belt Structure

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. V. Pidaparti
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Torsional Stiffness ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Rubber Belt ◽  
Steel Cord ◽  
Torsional Analysis

Abstract A three-dimensional (3D) beam finite element model was developed to investigate the torsional stiffness of a twisted steel-reinforced cord-rubber belt structure. The present 3D beam element takes into account the coupled extension, bending, and twisting deformations characteristic of the complex behavior of cord-rubber composite structures. The extension-twisting coupling due to the twisted nature of the cords was also considered in the finite element model. The results of torsional stiffness obtained from the finite element analysis for twisted cords and the two-ply steel cord-rubber belt structure are compared to the experimental data and other alternate solutions available in the literature. The effects of cord orientation, anisotropy, and rubber core surrounding the twisted cords on the torsional stiffness properties are presented and discussed.

Reduction of Free-Edge Stress Concentration

1985 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 801-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Heyliger ◽  
J. N. Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Stress Concentration ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Free Edge ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Normal Stresses ◽  
Interlaminar Shear ◽  
Three Dimensional Elasticity

A quasi-three dimensional elasticity formulation and associated finite element model for the stress analysis of symmetric laminates with free-edge cap reinforcement are described. Numerical results are presented to show the effect of the reinforcement on the reduction of free-edge stresses. It is observed that the interlaminar normal stresses are reduced considerably more than the interlaminar shear stresses due to the free-edge reinforcement.

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