Agile Thermal Management STT-RX. Towards High Energy Density, High Conductivity Thermal Energy Storage Composites (PREPRINT)

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick J. Shamberger ◽  
Daniel E. Forero
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Thermal Management ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Conductivity ◽  
High Energy Density

Towards High Energy Density, High Conductivity Thermal Energy Storage Composites

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick J. Shamberger ◽  
Daniel E. Forero
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Lithium Nitrate ◽  
Nitrate Trihydrate ◽  
Graphitic Foam

Thermal energy storage (TES) materials absorb transient pulses of heat, allowing for rapid storage of low-quality thermal energy for later use, and effective temperature regulation as part of a thermal management system. This paper describes recent development of salt hydrate-based TES composites at the Air Force Research Laboratory. Salt hydrates are known to be susceptible to undercooling and chemical segregation, and their bulk thermal conductivities remain too low for rapid heat transfer. Here, we discuss recent progress towards solving these challenges in the composite system lithium nitrate trihydrate/graphitic foam. This system takes advantage of both the high volumetric thermal energy storage density of lithium nitrate trihydrate and the high thermal conductivity of graphitic foams. We demonstrate a new stable nucleation agent specific to lithium nitrate trihydrate which decreases undercooling by up to ∼70% relative to previously described nucleation agents. Furthermore, we demonstrate the compatibility of lithium nitrate trihydrate and graphitic foam with the addition of a commercial nonionic silicone polyether surfactant. Finally, we show that thermal conductivity across water-graphite interfaces is optimized by tuning the surfactant concentration. These advances demonstrate a promising route to synthesizing high energy density, high thermal conductivity TES composites.

scholarly journals Nucleation Triggering of Highly Undercooled Xylitol Using an Air Lift Reactor for Seasonal Thermal Energy Storage

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie DUQUESNE ◽  
Elena PALOMO DEL BARRIO ◽  
Alexandre GODIN
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Bubble Generation ◽  
Spontaneous Nucleation ◽  
Air Lift Reactor ◽  
Air Lift

Xylitol is an organic, non-toxic, biosourced phase change material with high potential for seasonal thermal energy storage material. It has a high energy density, a high and stable undercooling allowing storing solar energy at ambient temperature thus, reducing thermal losses and the risk of spontaneous nucleation (i.e., the risk of losing the stored energy). When the energy is needed, the discharge triggering of the storage system (i.e., Nucleation triggering of highly viscous undercooled Xylitol) is very difficult as well as reaching a sufficient power delivery (i.e., the control of the subsequent crystal growth rates). Both are the mains locks for the use of Xylitol in seasonal energy storage. Different techniques to crystallize highly undercooled Xylitol have hence been considered. It has been proven that nucleation triggering of highly undercooled Xylitol using an air lift reactor would allow reaching performances matching with building applications (i.e., at medium temperatures, below 100 °C). The advantages of this technique compared to other existing techniques to activate the crystallization are discussed. The mechanisms triggering the nucleation are investigated. The air bubble generation, transportation of nucleation sites and subsequent crystallization are discussed to improve the air injection operating conditions.

scholarly journals Nucleation Triggering of Highly Undercooled Xylitol Using an Air Lift Reactor for Seasonal Thermal Energy Storage

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Duquesne ◽  
Elena Palomo Del Barrio ◽  
Alexandre Godin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Bubble Generation ◽  
Spontaneous Nucleation ◽  
Air Lift Reactor ◽  
Air Lift

Bio-based glass-forming materials are now considered for thermal energy storage in building applications. Among them, Xylitol appears as a biosourced seasonal thermal energy storage material with high potential. It has a high energy density and a high and stable undercooling, thus allowing storing solar energy at ambient temperature and reducing thermal losses and the risk of spontaneous nucleation (i.e., the risk of losing the stored energy). Generally when the energy is needed, the discharge triggering of the storage system is very difficult as well as reaching a sufficient power delivery. Both are indeed the main obstacles for the use of pure Xylitol in seasonal energy storage. Different techniques have been hence considered to crystallize highly undercooled Xylitol. Nucleation triggering of highly undercooled pure Xylitol by using an air lift reactor has been proven here. This method should allow reaching performances matching with building applications (i.e., at medium temperatures, below 100 °C). The advantages of this technique compared to other existing techniques to activate the crystallization are discussed. The mechanisms triggering the nucleation are investigated. The air bubble generation, transportation of nucleation sites and subsequent crystallization are discussed to improve the air injection operating conditions.

scholarly journals Mg-Based Hydrogen Absorbing Materials for Thermal Energy Storage—A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Li ◽  
Jianding Li ◽  
Huaiyu Shao ◽  
Liqing He
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Energy Loss ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Heat Storage ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Chemical Heat

Utilization of renewable energy such as solar, wind, and geothermal power, appears to be the most promising solution for the development of sustainable energy systems without using fossil fuels. Energy storage, especially to store the energy from fluctuating power is quite vital for smoothing out energy demands with peak/off-peak hour fluctuations. Thermal energy is a potential candidate to serve as an energy reserve. However, currently the development of thermal energy storage (TES) by traditional physical means is restricted by the relatively low energy density, high temperature demand, and the great thermal energy loss during long-period storage. Chemical heat storage is one of the most promising alternatives for TES due to its high energy density, low energy loss, flexible temperature range, and excellent storage duration. A comprehensive review on the development of different types of Mg-based materials for chemical heat storage is presented here and the classic and state-of-the-art technologies are summarized. Some related chemical principles, as well as heat storage properties, are discussed in the context. Finally, some dominant factors of chemical heat storage materials are concluded and the perspective is proposed for the development of next-generation chemical heat storage technologies.

scholarly journals Constant-volume vapor-liquid equilibrium for thermal energy storage: Generalized analysis of pure fluids

2020 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 01001
Author(s):  
Abdullah Bamoshmoosh ◽  
Gianluca Valenti
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Constant Volume ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Energy Storage Capacity ◽  
Vapor Liquid

Thermal energy storage is of great interest both for the industrial world and for the district heating and cooling sector. Available technologies present drawbacks that reduce the margin of application, such as low energy density, limited temperature range of work, and investment costs. Phase transition is one of the main phenomena that can be exploited for thermal energy storage because of its naturally high energy density. Constant-volume vapor-liquid transition shows higher flexibility and increased heat transfer properties with respect to available technologies. This work presents a description of the behavior of these types of systems. The analysis is carried out through a generalized approach using the Corresponding State Principle. Variation of internal energy as a function of temperature over a fixed range is calculated at constant volume at different values of specific volume. It is shown that, for lower specific volumes, larger temperature ranges of work can be achieved without occurring in the steep pressure increase typically given by the expansion of liquid. Maximum operating temperature range is increased by up to 20% of the critical temperature with minimal energy loss. In optimal subsets of these ranges of temperature, the energy storage capacity of vapor-liquid systems increases at lower volumes, with energy storage capacity increasing to up to 40% with a 50% increase of the reduced volume. This is especially valid for more complex fluids, which are more interesting for these applications because of their higher heat capacity.

scholarly journals Nucleation Triggering of Highly Undercooled Xylitol Using an Air Lift Reactor for Seasonal Thermal Energy Storage

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Duquesne ◽  
Elena Palomo Del Barrio ◽  
Alexandre Godin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Bubble Generation ◽  
Spontaneous Nucleation ◽  
Air Lift Reactor ◽  
Air Lift

Bio-based glass-forming materials are now considered for thermal energy storage in building applications. Among them, Xylitol appears as a biosourced seasonal thermal energy storage material with high potential. It has a high energy density, a high and stable undercooling allowing storing solar energy at ambient temperature thus, reducing thermal losses and the risk of spontaneous nucleation (i.e., the risk of losing the stored energy). Generally when the energy is needed, the discharge triggering of the storage system is very difficult as well as reaching a sufficient power delivery. Both are indeed the mains locks for the use of pure Xylitol in seasonal energy storage. Different techniques have been hence considered to crystallize highly undercooled Xylitol. Nucleation triggering of highly undercooled pure Xylitol by using an air lift reactor has been proven here. This method should allow reaching performances matching with building applications (i.e., at medium temperatures, below 100 °C). The advantages of this technique compared to other existing techniques to activate the crystallization are discussed. The mechanisms triggering the nucleation are investigated. The air bubble generation, transportation of nucleation sites and subsequent crystallization are discussed to improve the air injection operating conditions.

scholarly journals Solvothermal method as a green chemistry solution for micro-encapsulation of phase change materials for high temperature thermal energy storage

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Ioan Tudor ◽  
Adrian Mihail Motoc ◽  
Cristina Florentina Ciobota ◽  
Dan. Nastase Ciobota ◽  
Radu Robert Piticescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Solvothermal Method ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Latent Heat Storage

Thermal energy storage systems using phase change materials (PCMs) as latent heat storage are one of the main challenges at European level in improving the performances and efficiency of concentrated solar power energy generation due to their high energy density. PCM with high working temperatures in the temperature range 300–500 °C are required for these purposes. However their use is still limited due to the problems raised by the corrosion of the majority of high temperature PCMs and lower thermal transfer properties. Micro-encapsulation was proposed as one method to overcome these problems. Different micro-encapsulation methods proposed in the literature are presented and discussed. An original process for the micro-encapsulation of potassium nitrate as PCM in inorganic zinc oxide shells based on a solvothermal method followed by spray drying to produce microcapsules with controlled phase composition and distribution is proposed and their transformation temperatures and enthalpies measured by differential scanning calorimetry are presented.

High energy density aqueous zinc–benzoquinone batteries enabled by carbon cloth with multiple anchoring effects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiqiang Luo ◽  
Silin Zheng ◽  
Shuo Zhao ◽  
Xin Jiao ◽  
Zongshuai Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Porous Carbon ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Carbon Cloth ◽  
Anchoring Effects ◽  
High Theoretical Capacity ◽  
Energy Storage Applications

Benzoquinone with high theoretical capacity is anchored on N-plasma engraved porous carbon as a desirable cathode for rechargeable aqueous Zn-ion batteries. Such batteries display tremendous potential in large-scale energy storage applications.

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