Effects of Carbon Dioxide and Oxygen Levels on Auditory Sensitivity and Frequency Tuning as Measured by the Stimulus Frequency Otoacoustic Emission Test

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith S. Wolgemuth ◽  
Linda M. Hughes ◽  
David Fothergill ◽  
Judi A. Lapsley Miller
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Frequency Tuning ◽  
Stimulus Frequency ◽  
Otoacoustic Emission ◽  
Auditory Sensitivity ◽  
Oxygen Levels

Human Auditory-Frequency Tuning Is Sensitive to Tonal Language Experience

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
pp. 4277-4288
Author(s):  
Yin Liu ◽  
Runyi Xu ◽  
Qin Gong
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Frequency Tuning ◽  
Stimulus Frequency ◽  
Otoacoustic Emission ◽  
Language Experience ◽  
Tonal Language ◽  
Tuning Curves ◽  
Cochlear Tuning ◽  
English Speaking

Purpose The aim of this study is to investigate whether human auditory frequency tuning can be influenced by tonal language experience. Method Perceptual tuning measured via psychophysical tuning curves and cochlear tuning derived via stimulus-frequency otoacoustic emission suppression tuning curves in 14 native speakers of a tonal language (Mandarin) were compared to those of 14 native speakers of a nontonal language (English) at 1 and 4 kHz. Results Group comparisons of both psychophysical tuning curves ( p = .046) and stimulus-frequency otoacoustic emission suppression tuning curves ( p = .007) in the 4-kHz region indicated sharper frequency tuning in the Mandarin-speaking group relative to the English-speaking group. The auditory tuning was better at the higher (4 kHz) than the lower (1 kHz) probe frequencies ( p < .001). Conclusions The sharper auditory tuning in the 4-kHz cochlear region is associated with long-term tonal language (i.e., Mandarin) experience. Experience-dependent plasticity of tonal language may occur before the sound signal reaches central neural stages, as peripheral as the cochlea.

Processing of Periodic Whisker Deflections By Neurons in the Ventroposterior Medial and Thalamic Reticular Nuclei

2003 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 3087-3094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jed A. Hartings ◽  
Simona Temereanca ◽  
Daniel J. Simons
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Frequency Tuning ◽  
Stimulus Frequency ◽  
High Frequency Stimulation ◽  
Firing Rates ◽  
Sensory Environment ◽  
Frequency Stimulation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Reticular Nuclei ◽  
40 Hz

Rats employ rhythmic whisker movements to sample information in their sensory environment. To study frequency tuning and filtering characteristics of thalamic circuitry, we recorded single-unit responses of ventroposterior medial (VPm) and thalamic reticular (Rt) neurons to 1- to 40-Hz sinusoidal and pulsatile whisker deflection in lightly narcotized rats. Neuronal entrainment was assessed by a measure of the relative modulation (RM) of firing at the stimulus frequency given by the first harmonic (F1) of the cycle time histogram divided by the mean firing rate (F0). VPm signaling of both sinusoidal and periodic pulsatile whisker movements improved gradually over 1–16 and was maximal at 20–40 Hz. By contrast, the RM of Rt responses increased over 1–8 Hz, but deteriorated progressively over the 12- to 40-Hz range. In Rt, response adaptation occurred at lower stimulus frequencies and to a greater extent than in VPm. Within a train of high-frequency stimuli, Rt responses progressively decremented, possibly due to the accumulation of inhibition, whereas those of VPm neurons augmented. Mean firing rates in Rt increased 42 spikes/s over 1–40 Hz, providing tonic (low RM) inhibition during high-frequency stimulation that may enhance VPm signal-to-noise ratios. Consistent with this view, VPm mean firing rates increased only 13 spikes/s over 1–40 Hz, and inter-deflection activity was suppressed to a greater extent than stimulus-evoked responses. Rt inhibition is likely to act in concert with actions of neuromodulators in optimizing thalamic temporal signaling of high-frequency whisker movements.

scholarly journals Characteristic of Stimulus Frequency Otoacoustic Emissions: Detection Rate, Musical Training Influence, and Gain Function

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
Wang ◽  
Qi ◽  
Yu ◽  
Wang ◽  
Chen
Keyword(s):  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Musical Training ◽  
Hearing Threshold ◽  
Stimulus Frequency ◽  
Otoacoustic Emission ◽  
Center Frequency ◽  
Gain Function ◽  
Cochlear Function ◽  
Detection Rates

Stimulus frequency otoacoustic emission (SFOAE) is an active acoustic signal emitted by the inner ear providing salient information about cochlear function and dysfunction. To provide a basis for laboratory investigation and clinical use, we investigated the characteristics of SFOAEs, including detection rate, musical training influence, and gain function. Sixty-five normal hearing subjects (15 musicians and 50 non-musicians, aged 16–45 years) were tested and analyzed at the probe level of 30 and 50 dB sound pressure levels (SPL) in the center frequency of 1 and 4 kHz in the study. The results indicate that (1) the detection rates of SFOAE are sensitive to the gender, (2) musicians reveal enhanced hearing capacity and SFOAE amplitudes compared with non-musicians, and (3) probe frequency has a significant effect on the compression threshold of SFOAE. Our findings highlight the importance of SFOAE in the clinical hearing screening and diagnosis and emphasize the use of musical training for the rehabilitation enhancement of the auditory periphery and hearing threshold.

scholarly journals Frequency tuning of medial-olivocochlear-efferent acoustic reflexes in humans as functions of probe frequency

2012 ◽  
Vol 107 (6) ◽  
pp. 1598-1611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Watjana Lilaonitkul ◽  
John J. Guinan
Keyword(s):  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Frequency Tuning ◽  
Stimulus Frequency ◽  
Phase Changes ◽  
Acoustic Reflex ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Acoustic Reflexes ◽  
Specific Feedback ◽  
Stimulus Frequency Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Medial Olivocochlear

The medial-olivocochlear (MOC) acoustic reflex is thought to provide frequency-specific feedback that adjusts the gain of cochlear amplification, but little is known about how frequency specific the reflex actually is. We measured human MOC tuning through changes in stimulus frequency otoacoustic emissions (SFOAEs) from 40-dB-SPL tones at probe frequencies ( fps) near 0.5, 1.0, and 4.0 kHz. MOC activity was elicited by 60-dB-SPL ipsilateral, contralateral, or bilateral tones or half-octave noise bands, with elicitor frequency ( fe) varied in half-octave steps. Tone and noise elicitors produced similar results. At all probe frequencies, SFOAE changes were produced by a wide range of elicitor frequencies with elicitor frequencies near 0.7–2.0 kHz being particularly effective. MOC-induced changes in SFOAE magnitude and SFOAE phase were surprisingly different functions of fe: magnitude inhibition largest for fe close to fp, phase change largest for fe remote from fp. The metric ΔSFOAE, which combines both magnitude and phase changes, provided the best match to reported (cat) MOC neural inhibition. Ipsilateral and contralateral MOC reflexes often showed dramatic differences in plots of MOC effect vs. elicitor frequency, indicating that the contralateral reflex does not give an accurate picture of ipsilateral-reflex properties. These differences in MOC effects appear to imply that ipsilateral and contralateral reflexes have different actions in the cochlea. The implication of these results for MOC function, cochlear mechanics, and the production of SFOAEs are discussed.

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