An Information Processing Analysis of the Function of Conceptual Understanding in the Learning of Arithmetic Procedures

1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stellan Ohlsson ◽  
Ernest Reese
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Conceptual Understanding

Theory-Based Teaching Strategies for Conceptual Understanding of Chemistry

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorothy Gabel
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Conceptual Understanding ◽  
Teaching Strategies ◽  
Learning Cycle ◽  
Constructivist Theory ◽  
Laboratory Instruction ◽  
Introductory Chemistry ◽  
Information Processing Model ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Constructivist Theory

<div>The Information Processing Model and the Social Constructivist Theory provide a basis for modifying teaching strategies traditionally used in introductory chemistry courses. Theory-based strategies that have potential for improving students conceptual understanding of chemistry include: Integrating the macroscopic, particulate and symbolic ways of representing matter whenever appropriate; using Concep- Tests during lectures; utilizing the Learning Cycle approach for laboratory instruction, and using Problem- Based-Learning.</div><div> </div>

A Forum for Researchers: On Greeno's Environmental/Model View of Conceptual Domains: A Spatial/Geometric Perspective

1994 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-94
Author(s):  
Michael T. Battista
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Mental Models ◽  
Conceptual Understanding ◽  
Mathematical Thinking ◽  
Spatial Thinking ◽  
Environmental Model ◽  
Spatial Properties ◽  
Conceptual Domain ◽  
Geometry Learning ◽  
Model View

Greeno (1991) has recently proposed an alternative to the information processing view of conceptual understanding and reasoning in mathematics. In his “environmental/model” metaphor, a conceptual domain is thought of as an “environment with spatial properties” in which reasoning is accomplished by interacting with mental models (p. 211). Because spatial-like ideas play a prominent role in both the environmental metaphor and mental models, I will highlight the spatial aspects of Greeno's theory. I will then argue that relating the theory to research on spatial thinking (a) suggests some possible avenues for elaboration of the theory, (b) allows us tQ apply the theory to geometry learning in a way that provides a different perspective on some important problems in that field, and (c) suggests an explanation for the often-pondered connection between spatial and mathematical thinking.

An Information-Processing Model for Audiences’ Selections of Movies

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 187-199
Author(s):  
Xuexin Xu ◽  
Xiaoming Hao ◽  
Jung Younbo
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Conceptual Understanding ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Information Processing Model ◽  
Content Selection ◽  
Selection Decisions ◽  
Hollywood Movies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Bandwagon Effects

Abstract. Building on psychocognitive theories of information processing, the purpose of this study was to examine the relative impacts of qualitative bandwagon (e.g., using qualitative information such as comments and reviews) and quantitative bandwagon (e.g., using quantitative information such as view and download counts as bandwagon cues) on content selection decisions by media users. An experiment (N = 77) was conducted to investigate the contributions of the two types of bandwagon behaviors to the selections of Hollywood movies online and to identify factors moderating such bandwagon effects. The results showed that cognitive load was negatively associated with the strength of qualitative bandwagon effects, while positively associated with the strength of quantitative bandwagon effects. Although it was marginally significant, the results also showed that the impact of the quantitative bandwagon effect became stronger when individuals were less familiar with Hollywood movies. Implications with respect to tendency for choice imitation, as well as the conceptual understanding of and methodological approach to the bandwagon behaviors in movie selection, are discussed.

Language processing is not a race against time

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giosuè Baggio ◽  
Carmelo M. Vicario
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Memory Systems ◽  
Language System ◽  
Moderating Factors

AbstractWe agree with Christiansen & Chater (C&C) that language processing and acquisition are tightly constrained by the limits of sensory and memory systems. However, the human brain supports a range of cognitive functions that mitigate the effects of information processing bottlenecks. The language system is partly organised around these moderating factors, not just around restrictions on storage and computation.

Attachment and Field Dependence: Individual Differences in Information Processing

2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrizia Vermigli ◽  
Alessandro Toni
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Field Dependence ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Figure Test ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Measure Field

The present research analyzes the relationship between attachment styles at an adult age and field dependence in order to identify possible individual differences in information processing. The “Experience in Close Relationships” test of Brennan et al. was administered to a sample of 380 individuals (160 males, 220 females), while a subsample of 122 subjects was given the Embedded Figure Test to measure field dependence. Confirming the starting hypothesis, the results have shown that individuals with different attachment styles have a different way of perceiving the figure against the background. Ambivalent and avoidant individuals lie at the two extremes of the same dimension while secure individuals occupy the central part. Significant differences also emerged between males and females.

Hostility and Perceptions of Support in Ambiguous Social Interactions

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana-Maria Vranceanu ◽  
Linda C. Gallo ◽  
Laura M. Bogart
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Information Processing ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Social Information ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Processing Bias ◽  
Information Processing Bias

The present study investigated whether a social information processing bias contributes to the inverse association between trait hostility and perceived social support. A sample of 104 undergraduates (50 men) completed a measure of hostility and rated videotaped interactions in which a speaker disclosed a problem while a listener reacted ambiguously. Results showed that hostile persons rated listeners as less friendly and socially supportive across six conversations, although the nature of the hostility effect varied by sex, target rated, and manner in which support was assessed. Hostility and target interactively impacted ratings of support and affiliation only for men. At least in part, a social information processing bias could contribute to hostile persons' perceptions of their social networks.

The Type of Temperament, Mood, and Strategies of Categorization

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Wytykowska
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Processing Capacity ◽  
Affective Value ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

In Strelau’s theory of temperament (RTT), there are four types of temperament, differentiated according to low vs. high stimulation processing capacity and to the level of their internal harmonization. The type of temperament is considered harmonized when the constellation of all temperamental traits is internally matched to the need for stimulation, which is related to effectiveness of stimulation processing. In nonharmonized temperamental structure, an internal mismatch is observed which is linked to ineffectiveness of stimulation processing. The three studies presented here investigated the relationship between temperamental structures and the strategies of categorization. Results revealed that subjects with harmonized structures efficiently control the level of stimulation stemming from the cognitive activity, independent of the affective value of situation. The pattern of results attained for subjects with nonharmonized structures was more ambiguous: They were as good as subjects with harmonized structures at adjusting the way of information processing to their stimulation processing capacities, but they also proved to be more responsive to the affective character of stimulation (positive or negative mood).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document