Handbook of Methods for the Evaluation of Water Conservation for Municipal and Industrial Water Supply.

1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Van D. Polhemus
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Industrial Water

scholarly journals Pricing Strategy for Residential Water in Drought Years. Application to the City of Tianjin, China

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1073
Author(s):  
Bing Yu ◽  
Yu Li ◽  
Jinggang Chu ◽  
Wei Ding ◽  
Guangtao Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Pricing Strategy ◽  
Industrial Water ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Residential Water

In drought years, most residents fail to improve water use efficiency due to residential water supply normally being prioritized in many regions, which makes other low-priority industrial water users suffer more from water shortage. This paper proposes a Pricing Strategy for Residential Water (PSRW), a water tariff that changes on annual time scale, based on the scarcity value of water resources, aiming to promote residential water conservation and reallocate water resources across the residential and industrial sectors during droughts. An optimization model to maximize the total benefit of residents and industrial sectors is introduced based on marginal benefit and price elasticity. The water shortage of industrial sectors is used to reflect the scarcity of water resources, and the lowest water supply standard for households and the maximum proportion of household water fee expenditure (HWFE) to household disposable income (HDI) are used to ensure the residents’ acceptability to price raising. It shows an “S-type” relationship between the optimal price raising coefficient and industrial water shortage, and two turning points are found in the curve, which are the starting and stopping points of price raising. The appearance of starting point depends on the non-negative net benefit, and the stopping point is affected by the factors that represent the residents’ acceptability to price raising. The application to Tianjin, a city in northern China with the rapid growth of population and economy but scarce water resources, shows PSRW is a potential means to improve water efficiency and optimize water resource allocation in water scarcity situations.

A 2050 Vision for Colorado's water supply future

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Rowan ◽  
E. Hecox ◽  
S. Morea
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Colorado River ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
The State ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Water Projects ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Local Water

The last decade has brought many changes to Colorado's water supply outlook. Despite the recent economic recession, the state has experienced significant population growth, and Colorado's population is expected to nearly double within the next 40 years. Other pressures on Colorado's water supply include severe drought, a desire to meet multiple needs (i.e., municipal, environmental, recreational) with existing resources, and impacts to agriculture due to water shortages, urbanization, and transfers to new users. To address these challenges, the Colorado Water Conservation Board (CWCB) has undertaken a visioning process to explore solutions to these future water supply challenges. As part of this process, CWCB has led the state in identifying demand and supply strategies to meet the state's future water needs while considering agriculture and the environment. These strategies have been combined into varying portfolios that include methods such as conservation, local water projects, new Colorado River development, and agricultural transfers. This paper details the development and evaluation of these portfolios and describes stakeholder's efforts to balance meeting Colorado's water needs in the future.

scholarly journals Energy implications of the millennium drought on urban water cycles in Southeast Australian cities

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 214-221
Author(s):  
K. L. Lam ◽  
P. A. Lant ◽  
S. J. Kenway
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Related Energy ◽  
Millennium Drought ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Supply Systems

Abstract During the Millennium Drought in Australia, a wide range of supply-side and demand-side water management strategies were adopted in major southeast Australian cities. This study undertakes a time-series quantification (2001–2014) and comparative analysis of the energy use of the urban water supply systems and sewage systems in Melbourne and Sydney before, during and after the drought, and evaluates the energy implications of the drought and the implemented strategies. In addition, the energy implications of residential water use in Melbourne are estimated. The research highlights that large-scale adoption of water conservation strategies can have different impacts on energy use in different parts of the urban water cycle. In Melbourne, the per capita water-related energy use reduction in households related to showering and clothes-washing alone (46% reduction, 580 kWhth/p/yr) was far more substantial than that in the water supply system (32% reduction, 18 kWhth/p/yr). This historical case also demonstrates the importance of balancing supply- and demand-side strategies in managing long-term water security and related energy use. The significant energy saving in water supply systems and households from water conservation can offset the additional energy use from operating energy-intensive supply options such as inter-basin water transfers and seawater desalination during dry years.

scholarly journals Industrial Water Supply

Nature ◽  
1925 ◽  
Vol 116 (2913) ◽  
pp. 330-330
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Industrial Water

Analysis of Legal System and Public Policy on Rural Water Source in China

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 4126-4129
Author(s):  
Zhen Hua Liu
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Rural Water ◽  
Laws And Regulations

Source of water is the beginning of rural drinking water projects, safe water source is the key to rural drinking water safety. Status of rural drinking water source in china and laws and regulations on rural water conservation were analyzed. The population of centralized water supply accounts for 51% of the total population in rural areas in 2008, centralized water supply 49%. Groundwater source accounts for 57% of the population of centralized water supply projects in rural areas in 2008, surface water sources 43%. China has a relatively sound legal system of drinking water source, including basic law, general law, administrative regulations, local regulations.The paper draws a conclusion that sources of drinking water in rural areas is mainly groundwater, water conservation is short of specific laws and regulations and not suitable for rural area,it is necessary to improve laws and regulations on rural water conservation, government must assume responsibility for rural water conservation, especially financial investment and public policy support.

scholarly journals CONTROLLING AND MONITORING OF AUTOMATION WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM BASED ON IOT WITH THEFT IDENTIFICATION

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 320-325
Author(s):  
Ahmad T. Jaiad ◽  
Hamzah Sabr Ghayyib
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Time Operation ◽  
Real Time Operation

Water is the most precious and valuable because it’s a basic need of all the human beings but, now a day water supply department are facing problem in real time operation this is because less amount of water in resources due to less rain fall. With increase in Population, urban residential areas have increased because of this reasons water has become a crucial problem which affects the problem of water distribution, interrupted water supply, water conservation, water consumption and also the water quality so, to overcome water supply related problems and make system efficient there is need of proper monitoring and controlling system. In this project, we are focusing on continuous and real time monitoring of water supply in IOT platform. Water supply with continuous monitoring makes a proper distribution so that, we can have a record of available amount of water in tanks, flow rate, abnormality in distribution line. Internet of things is nothing but the network of physical objects embedded with electronics, sensors, software, and network connectivity. Monitoring can be done from anywhere as central office. Using Adafruit as free sever data continuously pushed on cloud so we can see data in real time operation. Using different sensors with controller and raspberry pi as Mini computer can monitor data and also control operation from cloud with efficient client server communication.

The Observation of Rainwater Harvesting Potential in Mahasarakham University (Khamriang Campus)

2013 ◽  
Vol 807-809 ◽  
pp. 1087-1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nida Chaimoon
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Material Flow Analysis ◽  
Sustainable Living ◽  
Water Treatment Cost

Rainwater harvesting from roof is considered as valuable water resources. Material Flow Analysis (MFA) of water in Mahasarakham University (Khamriang Campus) shows that rainwater harvesting from roof can reduce water supply production by 7% and save more than 200,000 Bt/year for water treatment cost. The sensitivity analysis suggests that by 5% water supply conservation and 20% additional rainwater harvesting, MSU could have enough water resources. The rainwater is suitable to be substituted water for gardening due to the convenience to assemble an above ground storage tank or a pond to store harvested rainwater from roof. The current practice of rainwater is collected and discharged into drainage system and treated in wastewater treatment plant. Utilisation of rainwater harvested could reduce wastewater amount that must be treated by 9%. Rainwater harvesting and reuse should be promoted in campus in order to encourage sustainable living and water conservation policy.

GAC Adsorption of Ozonated Secondary Textile Effluents for Industrial Water Reuse

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 435-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Bergna ◽  
Roberto Bianchi ◽  
Francesca Malpei
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Industrial Water ◽  
Activated Carbon Adsorption ◽  
Colour Removal ◽  
Carbon Adsorption ◽  
Textile Finishing

The paper presents the results obtained at laboratory, pilot and demonstrative scale with granular activated carbon adsorption as a mean to obtain effluent suitable as water supply for textile finishing industries, that require very stringent limits in terms of COD and colour removal. Laboratory scale tests evidenced that the specific carbon adsorption capacity, both for COD and colour, is highest for a sand-filtered + clariflocculated effluent and lowest for the sand-filtered + ozonated secondary effluent. Pilot and demonstrative scale tests were performed on three filters (0.3, 0.3 and 20 m3 of GAC each) fed with the full scale ozonated secondary effluent.

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