scholarly journals National Policy Change in Honduras: Supporting networking and coalition-building

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Barakat ◽  
Maritza Gallardo ◽  
Juan-Carlos Arita
Keyword(s):  
Policy Change ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Coalition Building

The strategies of policy entrepreneurs in water transitions around the world

Water Policy ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 717-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dave Huitema ◽  
Louis Lebel ◽  
Sander Meijerink
Keyword(s):  
Policy Change ◽  
Water Policy ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Coalition Building ◽  
Institutional Setting ◽  
Policy Entrepreneurs ◽  
Windows Of Opportunity ◽  
Venue Shopping ◽  
Policy Systems

This paper discusses sixteen instances of radical water policy change across the globe. The key question we seek to answer is about the role of individuals in such transitions. We call these individuals ‘policy entrepreneurs’ and we suggest that they can affect transitions through a set of strategies, such as idea development, coalition building, the detection and exploitation of windows of opportunity, network management, and venue shopping. Our empirical analysis shows that individuals do contribute to transitions. They do so in collectives, dividing tasks over various members. The way in which they manage to affect transitions depends, at least partly, on the institutional setting they operate in. Some national policy systems offer better opportunities for centralized direction (and thus top-down pattern of transitions) whilst other systems offer better chances for bottom-up change. In either case, change has to be prepared for before windows of opportunity open. One way to prepare change is to instigate pilot projects, showing the feasibility of other approaches to water management. Policy change is a political game: networks must be built, issues need to be framed strategically, forums manipulated or by-passed, and strategies adjusted to the peculiarities of the institutional system the entrepreneur is working in.

scholarly journals An Economic Evaluation of Disallowing Body Checking in 11- to 12-Year-Old Ice Hockey Leagues

2021 ◽  
pp. 194173812110215
Author(s):  
Gillian R. Currie ◽  
Raymond Lee ◽  
Amanda M. Black ◽  
Luz Palacios-Derflingher ◽  
Brent E. Hagel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Policy Change ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Ice Hockey ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Public Health Care System ◽  
Body Checking ◽  
Care System

Background: After a national policy change in 2013 disallowing body checking in Pee Wee ice hockey games, the rate of injury was reduced by 50% in Alberta. However, the effect on associated health care costs has not been examined previously. Hypothesis: A national policy removing body checking in Pee Wee (ages 11-12 years) ice hockey games will reduce injury rates, as well as costs. Study Design: Cost-effectiveness analysis alongside cohort study. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: A cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted alongside a cohort study comparing rates of game injuries in Pee Wee hockey games in Alberta in a season when body checking was allowed (2011-2012) with a season when it was disallowed after a national policy change (2013-2014). The effectiveness measure was the rate of game injuries per 1000 player-hours. Costs were estimated based on associated health care use from both the publicly funded health care system and privately paid health care cost perspectives. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis was conducted using bootstrapping. Results: Disallowing body checking significantly reduced the rate of game injuries (−2.21; 95% CI [−3.12, −1.31] injuries per 1000 player-hours). We found no statistically significant difference in public health care system (−$83; 95% CI [−$386, $220]) or private health care costs (−$70; 95% CI [−$198, $57]) per 1000 player-hours. The probability that the policy of disallowing body checking was dominant (with both fewer injuries and lower costs) from the perspective of the public health care system and privately paid health care was 78% and 92%, respectively. Conclusion: Given the significant reduction in injuries, combined with lower public health care system and private costs in the large majority of iterations in the probabilistic sensitivity analysis, our findings support the policy change disallowing body checking in ice hockey in 11- and 12-year-old ice hockey leagues.

Defying Displacement: Organizing for a Beautiful Life in Flagstaff, Arizona

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah Mundell ◽  
Lisa Hardy ◽  
Roxana De Niz ◽  
Michelle Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Development ◽  
Policy Change ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Community Organizing ◽  
Coalition Building ◽  
Community Collaboration ◽  
Community Organizers ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Working Together ◽  
To Come

This article is a reflection on practice from anthropologists and community organizers working together to affect policy change related to health. In particular, we describe a successful organizing effort to oppose the displacement of low-income residents of a mobile home park. We argue that this victory was in part because of the approach of key members of the organizing coalition, who viewed the work of policy change as a process of leadership development and community collaboration rather than top-down advocacy. Here, we show the ways that an anthropological approach to policy change was built into the work of the coalition, intersecting with community organizing theories and methods. This has led to political change and an ongoing process of coalition-building and leadership development that has the potential to change public discussion and decision making on health-related issues for years to come.

scholarly journals Operational research leading to rapid national policy change: tuberculosis-diabetes collaboration in India

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-88
Author(s):  
A. M. V. Kumar ◽  
S. Satyanarayana ◽  
N. C. Wilson ◽  
S. S. Chadha ◽  
D. Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Policy Change ◽  
Operational Research ◽  
National Policy

The Rising Hegemony of Mass Opinion

1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. Quirk ◽  
Joseph Hinchliffe
Keyword(s):  
Policy Change ◽  
American Politics ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Founding Fathers ◽  
Mass Public ◽  
Mass Opinion ◽  
Public Concerns

The Founding Fathers warned about the dangers of an “excess of democracy” and designed the Constitution in large part with a view toward preventing it. Judging from most commentary on American politics, with respect to most of the intervening two hundred years, they need't have worried: The mass public has only occasionally been a dominant force in national policy making. Elites, although often responding to broad public concerns, have usually defined the specific directions of policy change.

scholarly journals The Washtenaw ID Project: A Government-Issued ID Coalition Working Toward Social, Economic, and Racial Justice and Health Equity

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 53S-61S ◽  
Author(s):  
Alana M. W. LeBrón ◽  
Keta Cowan ◽  
William D. Lopez ◽  
Nicole L. Novak ◽  
Maria Ibarra-Frayre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Community Organizing ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Coalition Building ◽  
Building Process ◽  
Washtenaw County ◽  
Acceptance Rates

Introduction. The policing of identities through policies that restrict access to IDs issued by U.S. governmental entities disparately affects communities of color; communities who identify as low-income, immigrant, older, and/or transgender; and community members who experience chronic mental illness, housing instability, or incarceration. Yet government-issued IDs are increasingly needed to access health-promoting resources such as housing, banking, social services, and health care, and in interactions with law enforcement. Methods. Since 2012, the Washtenaw ID Project’s coalition-building process has involved communities affected by restrictive ID policies, advocates, and institutional stakeholders to enact community and systems change regarding inequities in government-issued IDs. We discuss the coalition-building process that culminated in the implementation of a photo ID issued by Washtenaw County government as a policy change strategy. We also highlight the community-academic research partnership evaluating the effectiveness of the Washtenaw ID in order to ensure equity in Washtenaw ID access and acceptance. Results. In 2015, 77% of Washtenaw ID holders reported having no other locally accepted ID. At follow-up, Washtenaw ID holders reported favorable Washtenaw ID acceptance rates in several domains (e.g., health care, school), but not when accessing banking services and housing. Additionally, community discussions suggested racial inequities in carding and ID acceptance. We discuss next steps for policy improvement to ensure equitable impact of the ID. Conclusions. Without national policy reform instating access to government-issued IDs for all, the social movement to establish local IDs may improve access to health-related resources contingent on having an ID. Careful attention must be paid to community organizing processes, policy implementation, and evaluation to ensure equity.

scholarly journals Program directors’ reflections on national policy change in medical education: insights on decision-making, accreditation, and the CanMEDS framework

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Dore ◽  
Bryce James Mack Bogie ◽  
Karen Saperson ◽  
Karen Finlay ◽  
Parveen Wasi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Medical Education ◽  
Policy Change ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Program Directors ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Future Policy ◽  
High Level

Background: Outcomes of national policy change impact all levels of the organizational hierarchy. The medical education literature is sparse on how reflections from program directors (PDs) on past large-scale policy changes can inform future policy initiatives. To fill this gap, we conducted a national survey on PDs’ perceptions of, and reflections on, decision-making in medical education, accreditation procedures, and the CanMEDS framework implementation. Methods: The survey was distributed to former Canadian specialty medicine PDs (N = 684). Descriptive analysis was performed on quantitative data, thematic analysis was performed on qualitative comments, and comparisons between the quantitative and qualitative findings were performed to identify areas of convergence and/or divergence. Results: A total of 265 (38.7%) former PDs participated. Quantitative analysis revealed that 52.8% of respondents did not feel involved in decision-making regarding policy changes, 45.1% of respondents did not feel prepared to assess the CanMEDS Roles, and PDs were divided on the reasonableness of accreditation documentation. Qualitative analysis produced four themes: communication, resources, expectations of outcomes, and buy-in. Nine sub-themes were also identified. A high level of convergence was identified across the content, with only four areas of divergence identified. Conclusions: Our findings have the potential to inform future policy and/or accreditation changes. Without the lens of those charged with overseeing the implementation, policy evaluation and quality improvement will remain uninformed. PDs, therefore, bring unique insights into our understanding of national policy changes, and without the voices of these frontline implementers, the true success of policy change implementation will be hindered.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document