scholarly journals A Kleptoparasitic Chase by Brown Pelicans on a Western Gull

Western Birds ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Vander Pluym
Keyword(s):  
1997 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Pyle ◽  
Nadav Nur ◽  
William J. Sydeman ◽  
Steven D. Emslie

The Condor ◽  
1931 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laidlaw Williams
Keyword(s):  

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 356-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brock Geary ◽  
Scott T Walter ◽  
Paul L Leberg ◽  
Jordan Karubian

Abstract The degree to which foraging individuals are able to appropriately modify their behaviors in response to dynamic environmental conditions and associated resource availability can have important fitness consequences. Despite an increasingly refined understanding of differences in foraging behavior between individuals, we still lack detailed characterizations of within-individual variation over space and time, and what factors may drive this variability. From 2014 to 2017, we used GPS transmitters and accelerometers to document foraging movements by breeding adult Brown Pelicans (Pelecanus occidentalis) in the northern Gulf of Mexico, where the prey landscape is patchy and dynamic at various scales. Assessments of traditional foraging metrics such as trip distance, linearity, or duration did not yield significant relationships between individuals. However, we did observe lower site fidelity and less variation in energy expenditure in birds of higher body condition, despite a population-level trend of increased fidelity as the breeding season progressed. These findings suggest that high-quality individuals are both more variable and more efficient in their foraging behaviors during a period of high energetic demand, consistent with a “rich get richer” scenario in which individuals in better condition are able to invest in more costly behaviors that provide higher returns. This work highlights the importance of considering behavioral variation at multiple scales, with particular reference to within-individual variation, to improve our understanding of foraging ecology in wild populations.


The Condor ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm C. Coulter

The Condor ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Good

AbstractThe nesting ecology of breeding pairs of the Western Gull × Glaucous-winged Gull (Larus occidentalis × glaucescens) hybrid complex was investigated at two locations in coastal Washington. In Grays Harbor, breeding performance (clutch size, hatching and fledging success) was highest in vegetated habitat where nests were most dense and where natural screens blocked the nearest neighbor. Egg loss, presumably from gull predators, was common except in areas of dense vegetation. At Tatoosh Island, egg loss was rare, and breeding performance was similar in vegetated and rock habitats. To test if physical structure around open-area nests influenced egg loss in Grays Harbor, predator-exclusion fences were erected around nests on a sandbar island lacking vegetation. Excluding predators reduced egg loss and increased hatching success relative to nests with adjacent natural screens (driftwood logs >30 cm tall) or nests lacking natural screens. Pairs that nest in habitats with adequate habitat structure appear to benefit in terms of lower egg loss and higher nesting success, especially in Grays Harbor. Increasing structure around individual nests may increase breeding success of gulls or other seabirds that experience extensive nest predation.Éxito Reproductivo en el Complejo Larus occidentalis × glaucescens: Influencia del Hábitat y las Características del Sitio de AnidaciónResumen. La ecología de anidación de parejas reproductivas del complejo híbrido Larus occidentalis × glaucescens fue investigada en dos localidades en la costa de Washington. En Grays Harbor, el desempeño reproductivo (en términos del tamaño de la nidada y el éxito de eclosión y emplumamiento) fue máximo en ambientes con vegetación donde los nidos estaban a mayor densidad y donde el vecino más cercano estaba separado por barreras naturales. La pérdida de huevos (presumiblemente ante gaviotas depredadoras) fue común excepto en áreas con vegetación densa. En la isla Tatoosh, la pérdida de huevos fue poco frecuente y el desempeño reproductivo fue similar en ambientes con vegetación y ambientes rocosos. Para determinar si la estructura física alrededor de los nidos en áreas abiertas influenciaba la pérdida de huevos en Grays Harbor, se construyeron cercas para excluir a los depredadores alrededor de nidos en una isla arenosa carente de vegetación. La exclusión de depredadores redujo la pérdida de huevos e incrementó el éxito de eclosión con relación a nidos con barreras naturales adyacentes (troncos de >30 cm de alto) y a nidos sin barreras naturales. Las parejas que anidan en ambientes con estructura de hábitat adecuada parecen beneficiarse en términos de una menor pérdida de huevos y un mayor éxito de anidación, especialmente en Grays Harbor. Incrementar la estructura alrededor de nidos individuales podría aumentar el éxito reproductivo de gaviotas u otras aves marinas sujetas a altos niveles de depredación de nidos.


2018 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 22-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.S. Lamb ◽  
C.V. Fiorello ◽  
Y.G. Satgé ◽  
K. Mills ◽  
M. Ziccardi ◽  
...  

Nature ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 242 (5396) ◽  
pp. 341-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. C. T. NISBET
Keyword(s):  

1997 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 655-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID A SHEALER ◽  
TED FLOYD ◽  
JOANNA BURGER
Keyword(s):  

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