Development Planning For The Statfjord Field Using Three-Dimensional And Areal Reservoir Simulation

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.L. Chauvin ◽  
R.F. Jackson ◽  
P.R. McGee ◽  
C.L. McMichael
Keyword(s):  
Reservoir Simulation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Development Planning

Gravity Segregation in Two-Phase Displacement Processes

1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (06) ◽  
pp. 619-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan Spivak
Keyword(s):  
Reservoir Simulation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mobility Ratio ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Gravity Segregation ◽  
Reservoir Performance ◽  
Phase Displacement ◽  
Gravity Effects ◽  
Displacement Processes

Spivak, Allan,* Member SPE-AIME, Chevron Oil Field Research Co., La Habra, Calif. Abstract This paper describes a study of gravity segregation (underrun or override of injected fluids) in two-phase, secondary recovery displacement processes. Reservoir simulation was used to investigate the factors that influence gravity segregation and the magnitude of gravity effects for both water floods and gas floods. The degree of segregation for a given set of conditions was determined bycomparing the results of two-dimensional cross-sectional with one-dimensional horizontal calculations, andcomparing the results of three-dimensional vs two-dimensional a real calculations. The degree of segregation is quantitatively described by the dimensionless number E defined as (Rbt)no gravity -(Rbt)gravity E =, (Rbt)no gravity where Rbt is recovery at breakthrough. Gravity segregation effects in two-phase displacement processes were found to increase withincreasing processes were found to increase withincreasing permeability (either horizontal or vertical),permeability (either horizontal or vertical),increasing density difference,increasing mobility ratio,decreasing production rates. anddecreasing level of viscosity for a fixed viscosity ratio. A series of calculations was made in which the parameters that affect gravity segregation were varied. The effect of each parameter on the degree of gravity segregation was observed. The effect of both stratified and random heterogeneity was also studied. A correlation between the degree of gravity segregation and the dimensionless groups G = 0.00633 and M = mobility ratio was established. This correlation is based on the results of the simulator calculations and a detailed analysis of the equations for three-dimensional, two-phase. immiscible, incompressible flow. The correlation can be used to determine qualitatively whether gravity segregation will be a significant factor in a given flooding process. It can also be used to determine whether the assumption of vertical equilibrium is valid in the simulation by a two-dimensional a real simulation model of reservoirs where fluid saturations vary significantly in the vertical direction. Introduction For many years, gravity segregation in reservoir processes was not accounted for because it could processes was not accounted for because it could not be adequately handled in reservoir engineering calculations. The advent of reservoir simulation provided the capability to handle gravity, and it provided the capability to handle gravity, and it became apparent that gravity effects could significantly affect reservoir performance. This paper describes a study in which a three-dimensional paper describes a study in which a three-dimensional (3-D), two-phase, incompressible simulator was used to look at gravity effects in displacement processes. The objectives of this study wereto processes. The objectives of this study wereto determine what factors influence gravity segregation and in what way;to look at the magnitude of gravity segregation effects;to compare reservoir performance calculations with and without gravity performance calculations with and without gravity effects. PREVIOUS WORK ON GRAVITY PREVIOUS WORK ON GRAVITY SEGREGATION IN DISPLACEMENT PROCESSES Craig et al. did experimental work to study the effects of gravity segregation during water, gas, and solvent flooding. As a result of their studies, they concluded that segregation of fluids due to gravity effects could result in oil recoveries at breakthrough as low as 20 percent of those otherwise expected. They also concluded that performance may in some cases be influenced to a greater degree by heterogeneity than by gravity effects. They were not able to directly compare performance under a given set of conditions with and without gravity. SPEJ p. 619

Three-dimensional upscaling of fault damage zones for reservoir simulation

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (1) ◽  
pp. 353-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Harris ◽  
A. Z. Vaszi ◽  
R. J. Knipe
Keyword(s):  
Reservoir Simulation ◽  
Three Dimensional

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of DTM Results with Hydro Enforcement LiDAR Data Method and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) from Radar Satellite Imagery (Case Study of Kebumen Regency)

2021 ◽  
Vol 936 (1) ◽  
pp. 012023
Author(s):  
Bangun Muljo Sukojo ◽  
Noorlaila Hayati ◽  
Baisus Sa’adatul Usriyah
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Radar Data ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Lidar Data ◽  
Topographic Map ◽  
Remote Sensing Technique ◽  
Radar Satellite ◽  
Terrain Elevation

Abstract Data containing information on the terrain elevation model is necessary for several uses related to human activities, such as development planning, spatial planning, disaster modeling, disaster mitigation planning, land productivity estimation, etc. Information about the ground elevation can be presented in a 3-dimensional topographical model such as Digital Terrain Model (DTM). There are several technologies used to form DTM data, including by using LiDAR and radar satellites (Sentinel-1). The hydro enforcement method is used to process DTM with LiDAR data by modifying the elevation value of LiDAR data in water areas during data processing. The height of this feature is modified digitally to achieve hydrological connectivity. This method aims to produce a DTM according to the principles of hydro enforcement and hydro flatten. While for processing DTM radar data, the InSAR method is used. InSAR is a remote sensing technique to extract three-dimensional information from the earth’s surface with the phase of radar waves. Additional data of morphological information and break lines were added to provide more representative information on the actual situation. The result of this research is the value of vertical geometry accuracy (LE90) of DTM to RBI data with a scale of 1:25,000. In this research, 5 kinds of DTM have been successfully formed with LE90 vertical accuracy values are as follows: LiDAR DTM with LE90 of 4.614 m; InSAR DTM with LE90 of 9.583 m; InSAR breakline with LE90 of 9.433 m; InSAR RBI assimilation with LE90 of 2.532 m; and InSAR DTM-LiDAR assimilation with LE90 of 4.077 m. DTM with the highest accuracy based on Topographic Map (RBI) 1:25,000 is InSAR DTM RBI assimilation and the lowest accuracy is DTM InSAR without breakline and assimilation data.

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