Experiments in Fluid Loss and Formation Damage with Xanthan-Based Fluids While Drilling

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.C. Navarrete ◽  
H.L. Dearing ◽  
V.G. Constien ◽  
K.M. Marsaglia ◽  
J.M. Seheult ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Formation Damage ◽  
Fluid Loss

scholarly journals Prediction of Formation Damage, Fluid Loss and Rheological Properties of Water Based Mud with Corn Cob

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 1269-1273
Author(s):  
Godwin Chukwuma Jacob Nmegbu ◽  
Bright Bariakpoa Kinate ◽  
Bari-Agara Bekee
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Formation Damage ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Corn Cob ◽  
Core Samples ◽  
Water Based

The extent of damage to formation caused by water based drilling mud containing corn cob treated with sodium hydroxide to partially replace polyanionic cellulose (PAC) as a fluid loss control additive has been studied. Core samples were obtained from a well in Niger Delta for this study with a permeameter used to force the drilling mud into core samples at high pressures. Physio-chemical properties (moisture content, cellulose and lignin) of the samples were measured and the result after treatment showed reduction. The corn cob was combined with the PAC in the ratio of 25-75%, 50-50% and 75-25% in the mud. Analyzed drilling mud rheological properties such as plastic viscosity, apparent viscosity, yield point and gel strength all decreased as percentage of corn cob increased in the combination and steadily decreased as temperature increased to 200oF. Measured fluid loss and pH of the mud showed an increase in fluid loss and pH in mud sample with 100% corn cob. The extent of formation damage was determined by the differences in the initial and final permeability of the core samples. Experimental data were used to develop analytical models that can serve as effective tool to predict fluid loss, rheological properties of the drilling mud at temperature up to 200oF and percentage formation damage at 100 psi.

scholarly journals Experimental study on thermal, rheological and filtration control characteristics of drilling fluids: effect of nanoadditives

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Erfan Veisi ◽  
Mastaneh Hajipour ◽  
Ebrahim Biniaz Delijani
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Heat Capacity ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Formation Damage ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Drill Bit ◽  
Rheological Characteristics ◽  
Cu Nanoparticles ◽  
Water Based

Cooling the drill bit is one of the major functions of drilling fluids, especially in high temperature deep drilling operations. Designing stable drilling fluids with proper thermal properties is a great challenge. Identifying appropriate additives for the drilling fluid can mitigate drill-bit erosion or deformation caused by induced thermal stress. The unique advantages of nanoparticles may enhance thermal characteristics of drilling fluids. The impacts of nanoparticles on the specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity, rheological, and filtration control characteristics of water‐based drilling fluids were experimentally investigated and compared in this study. Al2O3, CuO, and Cu nanoparticles were used to prepare the water-based drilling nanofluid samples with various concentrations, using the two-step method. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) were utilized to study the nanoparticle samples. The nanofluids stability and particle size distribution were, furthermore, examined using Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). The experimental results indicated that thermal and rheological characteristics are enhanced in the presence of nanoparticles. The best enhancement in drilling fluid heat capacity and thermal conductivity was obtained as 15.6% and 12%, respectively by adding 0.9 wt% Cu nanoparticles. Furthermore, significant improvement was observed in the rheological characteristics such as the apparent and plastic viscosities, yield point, and gel strength of the drilling nanofluids compared to the base drilling fluid. Addition of nanoparticles resulted in reduced fluid loss and formation damage. The permeability of filter cakes decreased with increasing the nanoparticles concentration, but no significant effect in filter cake thickness was observed. The results reveal that the application of nanoparticles may reduce drill-bit replacement costs by improving the thermal and drilling fluid rheological characteristics and decrease the formation damage due to mud filtrate invasion.

Formation Damage and Fluid Loss Reduction due to Plastering Effect of Casing Drilling

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moji Karimi ◽  
Ali Ghalambor ◽  
Monty Montgomery ◽  
Timothy Eric Moellendick
Keyword(s):  
Formation Damage ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Loss Reduction ◽  
Casing Drilling

Effect of Nanoparticle Shape on Viscoelastic Surfactant Performance at High Temperatures

SPE Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Hanafy ◽  
Faisal Najem ◽  
Hisham A. Nasr-El-Din
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Formation Damage ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Stability Range ◽  
Fracturing Fluids ◽  
High Pressure High Temperature

Summary Viscoelastic surfactants (VESs) have been used for acid diversion and fracturing fluids. VESs were introduced because they are less damaging than polymers. VESs’ high cost, low thermal stability, and incompatibility with several additives (e.g., corrosion inhibitors) limit their use. The goal of this study is to investigate the interaction of VES micelles with different nanoparticle shapes to reduce VES loadings and enhance their thermal stability. This work examined spherical and rod-shaped nanoparticles of silica and iron oxides. The effects of particle size, shape, and surface charge on a zwitterionic VES micellization were conducted. The physical properties were measured using zeta-potential, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The rheological performances of VES solutions were evaluated at 280 and 350°F using a high-pressure/high-temperature rotational rheometer. The proppant-carrying capacity of the fracturing fluids was evaluated using a high-pressure/high-temperature see-through cell and dynamic oscillatory viscometer. The fluid loss and formation damage were determined using corefloods and computed-tomography scans. The interaction between nanoparticles and VES is strongly dependent on the VES concentration, temperature, nanoparticle characteristics, and concentration. The spherical particles at 7-lbm/1,000 gal loading extended the VES-based-fluid thermal stability at VES loading of 4 wt% up to 350°F. The nanorods effectively enhanced and extended the thermal-stability range of the VES system at VES concentration of only 2 wt%. Both particle shapes performed similarly at 4 wt% VES and 280°F. The addition of silica nanorods extended the thermal stability of the 4 wt% VES aqueous fluid, which resulted in an apparent viscosity of 200 cp for 2 hours. The addition of rod-shaped particles enhanced the micelle to micelle entanglement, especially at VES loading of 2 wt%. The use of nanoparticles enhanced the micelle/micelle networking, boosting the fluid-storage modulus and enhancing the proppant-carrying capacity. The addition of nanoparticles to the VES lowered its fluid-loss rate and minimized formation damage caused by VES-fluid invasion. This research gives guidelines to synthesize nanoparticles to accommodate the chemistry of surfactants for higher-temperature applications. It highlights the importance of the selected nanoparticles on the rheological performance of VES.

Multiscale Formation Damage Mechanisms and Control Technology for Deep Tight Clastic Gas Reservoirs

SPE Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Yijun Wang ◽  
Yili Kang ◽  
Lijun You ◽  
Chengyuan Xu ◽  
Xiaopeng Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Damage Control ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Damage Mechanism ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Formation Damage ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Gas Reservoirs ◽  
Filtration Loss

Summary Severe formation damage often occurs during the drilling process, which significantly impedes the timely discovery, accurate evaluation, and efficient development of deep tight clastic gas reservoirs. The addition of formation protection additives into drilling fluid after diagnosing the damage mechanism is the most popular technique for formation damage control (FDC). However, the implementation of traditional FDC measures does not consider the multiscale damage characteristics of the reservoir. The present study aims at filling this gap by providing a complete and systematic damage control methodology based on multiscale FDC theory. First, the characteristics of multiscale seepage channels were described through petrology, petrophysics, and well-history data. Subsequently, based on laboratory formation damage evaluation experiments, the formation damage mechanism of each seepage scale was determined. Finally, based on the multiscale formation damage mechanism, a systematic multiscale FDC technology was proposed. Through the use of optimized drilling fluid based on multiscale FDC theory, high-permeability recovery ratio (PRR), high-pressure bearing capacity of plugging zone, and low cumulative filtration loss were observed by laboratory validation experiments. Shorter drilling cycle, less drill-in-fluid loss, lower skin factor, and higher production rates were obtained by using the optimized FDC drilling fluid in field application. This multiscale FDC theory shows excellent results in minimizing formation damage, maintaining original production capacity, and effectively developing gas reservoirs with multiscale pore structure characteristics.

Field Application of Newly Designed Non-Damaging Sealing Killing Fluid to Control Losses in Completion and Workover Operations in Western Desert, Egypt

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youssry Abd El-Aziz Mohamed ◽  
Alaa Tawfik El-Gindy ◽  
Helal Ahmed El-Agamy ◽  
Amr Ismail Moustafa ◽  
Ali Mohamed Eissa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Solubility ◽  
Water Saturation ◽  
Fluid Management ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Western Desert ◽  
Formation Damage ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Salt Plug ◽  
Temporary Plugging Agent

Abstract Invasion of completion fluids to permeable reservoir formations causes different challenges including increase in water saturation, fine migration problems, well control problems and complicated fluid management. Such problems can result in severe reservoir damage leading to delay in production and increase in operation cost. This paper presents newly designed non-damaging, sealing and killing fluids (Salt Plug) customized to solve such challenges and engineered to control fluid invasion of completion fluid into reservoir. Formation damage might occur during subsequent well workover and perforation operations which requires non-damaging, sealing and killing fluids. The salt plug design incorporates a temporary plugging agent that form a physical barrier across formation face or within formation matrix. Consequently, the plug minimizes formation damage and fluids invasion into reservoir formation during well flow back. Due to its water solubility characteristics, the plug can be easily cleaned up using unsaturated brine water after remedial workover operations. Salt plug was used in reservoir formation in a wide fluid density range of 10.3 - 15.0 Pounds per Gallon (ppg) based on brine type and sized particles concentration to prevent fluid loss during remedial completion operations. This plug was applied in field proving its success in more than 10 deep wells and was successful to seal off void spaces around perforation tunnels and holes up to 0.5 inch. It can be customized to meet project requirements through proper selection of the particle-size distribution (PSD) of salt. Filter cake associated with salt was easily removed with start in production phase with a minimal differential pressure of 20-50 Psi to unload the well. This pill was effective replacing conventional water insoluble calcium carbonate (CaCO3) bridging solids with water soluble sized salt bridging solids which are less aggressive breaker systems.

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