Utilization of Paraffin Hydrocarbons in Crude Oil by Mixed Cultures of Marine Bacteria

1972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard Kator ◽  
Russell Miget ◽  
Carl H. Oppenheimer
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Marine Bacteria ◽  
Mixed Cultures

Biodegradation of Crude Oil by Nitrogen Fixing Marine Bacteria Azotobacter chroococcum

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 401-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Thavasi . ◽  
S. Jayalakshmi . ◽  
T. Balasubramanian . ◽  
Ibrahim M. Banat .
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Marine Bacteria ◽  
Azotobacter Chroococcum ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing

scholarly journals Potentials of mixed cultures of bacteria in the biodegradation of crude oil

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
R. B Tomilayo ◽  
A. Sani ◽  
I.O. Sule
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Mixed Cultures

Ultrastructure of two species of oil-degrading marine bacteria

1973 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Atlas ◽  
C. E. Heintz
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Marine Bacteria ◽  
Inclusion Bodies ◽  
Marine Agar ◽  
Sudan Black B ◽  
Presence And Absence

Two species of marine bacteria with the ability to degrade crude oil were compared ultrastructurally after growing in the presence and absence of oil. Large electron-dense inclusions, which were located predominantly at the cell terminus, characterized species of Flavobacterium and Brevibacterium when growing on oil. Cells of Flavobacterium sp. had smaller inclusions when grown on marine agar, while inclusion bodies were not found in Brevibacterium sp. grown on marine agar. Sudan black B staining indicated the inclusions are stored lipids.

Influence of Zeolites On The Degradation of Arabian Light Crude Oil

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 (1) ◽  
pp. 1059-1063
Author(s):  
J. R. Bergueiro ◽  
A. Pita ◽  
M. A. Mayol ◽  
M. Rallo ◽  
J. López-Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Time Evolution ◽  
Marine Bacteria ◽  
Natural Zeolite ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Light Crude Oil ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Similar Sample

ABSTRACT The authors have studied the biodegradation of an Arabian Light crude oil in sterile marine water by the CUES229 marine bacteria and the BIOLEN IG30 biologic activator, both in the presence and the absence of zeolites. Two different types of zeolites, a natural one (NZ) and an artificial one (Zestek56), were used to degrade the crude in the first experiment, arising a 20% increment in the degradation in the presence of natural zeolite when compared with a similar sample without zeolites, and a 9% in the artificial zeolite. Next set of experiment were made using reactors filled with 250 g of sea water and 0.02 g of zeolite and injecting CUES 229 bacteria up to 108 cells/ml. Samples were introduced in a shaker at 110 rpm and with regulated temperature at 30-C. Time evolution of the biodegradation was deduced from gas chromatography at the time intervals 1; 7 and 15 days. Later, a similar experiment, but with BIOLEN IG30, was also made. Biodegradation of aliphatic hydrocarbons was observed –after 15 days- until the C14 fractions, using zeolites plus Biolen IG30, and until the C18 fractions, using zeolite plus CUES 229 bacteria.

scholarly journals Isolation of SAR11 Marine Bacteria from Cryopreserved Seawater

mSystems ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. e00954-20
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Monaghan ◽  
Kelle C. Freel ◽  
Michael S. Rappé
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Marine Bacteria ◽  
Mixed Cultures ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Marine Microorganisms ◽  
Culture Collections ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Cultivation Experiment

ABSTRACTWhile marine microorganisms are frequently studied in their natural environment, isolated strains are invaluable resources that can be used in controlled experiments to expand upon direct observations from natural systems. Here, we sought a means to enhance culture collections of SAR11 marine bacteria by testing the use of seawater cryopreserved with glycerol as an inoculum. Using a raw seawater sample collected from the tropical Pacific Ocean, a subsample was diluted in seawater growth medium to create 576 2-ml dilution cultures containing 5 cells each and incubated for a high-throughput culturing (HTC) experiment, while another portion was cryopreserved in 10% glycerol. After 10 months, a cryopreserved aliquot was thawed and used to create a second cultivation experiment of 480 2-ml cultures containing 5 cells each and 470 cultures containing 105 cells each. The raw seawater cultivation experiment resulted in the successful isolation of 54 monocultures and 29 mixed cultures, while cryopreserved seawater resulted in 59 monocultures and 29 mixed cultures. Combined, the cultures included 51 SAR11 isolates spanning 11 unique 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) from the raw seawater inoculum and 74 SAR11 isolates spanning 13 unique ASVs from cryopreserved seawater. A vast majority (92%) of SAR11 isolates from the two HTC experiments were members of SAR11 subclade Ia, though subclades IIIa and Va were also recovered from cryopreserved seawater and subclade Ib was recovered from both. The four most abundant SAR11 subclade Ia ASVs found in the initial seawater environmental sample were isolated by both approaches.IMPORTANCE High-throughput dilution culture has proved to be a successful approach to bring some difficult-to-isolate planktonic microorganisms into culture, including the highly abundant SAR11 lineage of marine bacteria. While the long-term preservation of bacterial isolates by freezing them in the presence of cryoprotectants, such as glycerol, has been shown to be an effective method of storing viable cells over long time periods (i.e., years), to our knowledge it had not previously been tested for its efficacy in preserving raw seawater for later use as an inoculum for high-throughput cultivation experiments. We found that SAR11 and other abundant marine bacteria could be isolated from seawater that was previously cryopreserved for nearly 10 months at a rate of culturability similar to that of the same seawater used fresh, immediately after collection. Our findings (i) expand the potential of high-throughput cultivation experiments to include testing when immediate isolation experiments are impractical, (ii) allow for targeted isolation experiments from specific samples based on analyses such as microbial community structure, and (iii) enable cultivation experiments across a wide range of other conditions that would benefit from having source inocula available over extended periods of time.

scholarly journals Extracellular Polysaccharides of Rhodococcus rhodochrous S-2 Stimulate the Degradation of Aromatic Components in Crude Oil by Indigenous Marine Bacteria

2002 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 2337-2343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noriyuki Iwabuchi ◽  
Michio Sunairi ◽  
Makoto Urai ◽  
Chiaki Itoh ◽  
Hiroshi Anzai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Marine Bacteria ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Extracellular Polysaccharides ◽  
Rhodococcus Rhodochrous ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Indigenous Bacteria ◽  
Aromatic Components ◽  
Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

ABSTRACT Rhodococcus rhodochrous S-2 produces extracellular polysaccharides (S-2 EPS) containing d-glucose, d-galactose, d-mannose, d-glucuronic acid, and lipids, which is important to the tolerance of this strain to an aromatic fraction of (AF) Arabian light crude oil (N. Iwabuchi, N. Sunairi, H. Anzai, M. Nakajima, and S. Harayama, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 66:5073-5077, 2000). In the present study, we examined the effects of S-2 EPS on the growth of indigenous marine bacteria on AF. Indigenous bacteria did not grow significantly in seawater containing AF even when nitrogen, phosphorus, and iron nutrients were supplemented. The addition of S-2 EPS to seawater containing nutrients and AF resulted in the emulsification of AF, promotion of the growth of indigenous bacteria, and enhancement of the degradation of AF by the bacteria. PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analyses show that addition of S-2 EPS to the seawater containing nutrients and AF changed the composition of the bacterial populations in the seawater and that bacteria closely related to the genus Cycloclasticus became the major population. These results suggest that Cycloclasticus was responsible for the degradation of hydrocarbons in AF. The effects of 15 synthetic surfactants on the degradation of AF by indigenous marine bacteria were also examined, but enhancement of the degradation of AF was not significant. S-2 EPS was hence the most effective of the surfactants tested in promoting the biodegradation of AF and may thus be an attractive agent to use in the bioremediation of oil-contaminated marine environments.

Experimental degradation of crude oil by marine bacteria

1978 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinichi Nagata ◽  
Goro Kondo ◽  
Tomoyuki Asano
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Marine Bacteria

Design of bacterial defined mixed cultures for biodegradation of specific crude oil fractions, using population dynamics analysis by DGGE

2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.J. Díaz-Ramírez ◽  
E. Escalante-Espinosa ◽  
E. Favela-Torres ◽  
M. Gutiérrez-Rojas ◽  
H. Ramírez-Saad
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Mixed Cultures ◽  
Dynamics Analysis ◽  
Oil Fractions ◽  
Crude Oil Fractions
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