A Highly Successful Way to Consistently Drill to Target Depth with Nano Polymer Water-Based Mud in a Highly Active, Problematic Shale Interval

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tulio Daniel Olivares ◽  
Rafael M Pino ◽  
Walid Al-Zahrani ◽  
Samy Mahmoud Aly ◽  
Mohamed El Nahas
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Effective Field ◽  
Wellbore Stability ◽  
Fluid Viscosity ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Water Based ◽  
The Face ◽  
Water Base ◽  
High Level

Abstract The operational drilling history in a particularly challenging shale consistently shows that once the formation's shale reacts, and starts to disperse, in the face of a typical water base mud application, a variety of hole problems are experienced by the operator. These problems include wellbore instability caused by an unstoppable sloughing of the shale; the experiencing of tight hole conditions while performing the wiper trip; caved shale sticking to shakers while drilling; an increased dilution rate due to mud weight; a low LGS % (low gravity solids), and fluid viscosity. To solve this longstanding drilling challenge, a team formed from operator and service provider experts determined via high-level research and testing the need for an innovative new technology of inhibitive fluid chemistry. After extensive testing, the team determined that a particular environmentally friendly Nano Polymer high-performance water-based mud (HPWBM)—one possessing the unique shale inhibition and cutting encapsulation capabilities capable of stabilizing this sticky shale—was the best fit for this application. We will present the investigational learning and effective field trial drilling of high problematic shale that was evaluated during and subsequently the utilization of nanoparticles (NP) to advance water-based mud (WBM) inhibition properties, proven to offer an eco-friendly Nano Polymer HPWBM substitute with the improved thermal and rheological permanency of the overall WBM formulation. Results will display that while providing more effective drilling and wellbore stability, this technology is also a far cleaner industry alternative.

scholarly journals Laponite: a promising nanomaterial to formulate high-performance water-based drilling fluids

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian-Bin Huang ◽  
Jin-Sheng Sun ◽  
Yi Huang ◽  
Bang-Chuan Yan ◽  
Xiao-Dong Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Drill String ◽  
Wellbore Stability ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Mechanism Analysis ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Inhibition Performance

Abstract High-performance water-based drilling fluids (HPWBFs) are essential to wellbore stability in shale gas exploration and development. Laponite is a synthetic hectorite clay composed of disk-shaped nanoparticles. This paper analyzed the application potential of laponite in HPWBFs by evaluating its shale inhibition, plugging and lubrication performances. Shale inhibition performance was studied by linear swelling test and shale recovery test. Plugging performance was analyzed by nitrogen adsorption experiment and scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation. Extreme pressure lubricity test was used to evaluate the lubrication property. Experimental results show that laponite has good shale inhibition property, which is better than commonly used shale inhibitors, such as polyamine and KCl. Laponite can effectively plug shale pores. It considerably decreases the surface area and pore volume of shale, and SEM results show that it can reduce the porosity of shale and form a seamless nanofilm. Laponite is beneficial to increase lubricating property of drilling fluid by enhancing the drill pipes/wellbore interface smoothness and isolating the direct contact between wellbore and drill string. Besides, laponite can reduce the fluid loss volume. According to mechanism analysis, the good performance of laponite nanoparticles is mainly attributed to the disk-like nanostructure and the charged surfaces.

Design, Loading, Transport and Storage Experience of CASTOR® Casks for Vitrified High Level Waste

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre´ Voßnacke ◽  
Wilhelm Graf ◽  
Roland Hu¨ggenberg ◽  
Astrid Gisbertz
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
High Level Waste ◽  
Spent Fuel ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Intermediate Storage ◽  
High Level

The revised German Atomic Act together with the Agreement between the German Government and the German Utilities of June 11, 2001 form new boundary conditions that considerably influence spent fuel strategies by stipulation of lifetime limitations to nuclear power plants and termination of reprocessing. The contractually agreed return of reprocessing residues comprises some 156 casks containing vitrified highly active waste, the so-called HAW or glass canisters, coming form irradiated nuclear fuel assemblies to be shipped from COGEMA, France and BNFL, UK to Germany presumably until 2011. Several hundred casks with compacted residues and other waste will follow. The transports are scheduled presumably beyond 2020. The central interim storage facilities in Ahaus and Gorleben, formerly intended to accumulate up to 8,000 t of heavy metal (HM) of spent fuel from German nuclear power plants, offer sufficient capacity to receive the totality of residues to be returned from reprocessing abroad. GNB has developed, tested, licensed, fabricated, loaded, transported and stored a large number of casks for spent fuel and is one of the world leaders for delivering spent fuel and high level waste casks. Long-term intermediate storage of spent fuel is carried out under dry conditions using these casks that are licensed for transport as well as for storage. Standardized high performance casks such as the types CASTOR® HAW 20/28 CG, CASTOR® V/19 and CASTOR® V/52 meet the needs of most nuclear power plants in Germany. Up to now GNS has co-ordinated the loading and transport of 27 casks loaded with 28 canisters each from COGEMA back to Germany for storage in Gorleben for up to 40 years. In all but one case the cask type CASTOR® HAW 20/28 CG has been used.

Four-well comparison in Papua New Guinea: high-risk, high-angle wells demonstrate extended wellbore stability and faster drilling time with inhibitive high-performance water-based fluid

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Angus Florence ◽  
Mike Dow ◽  
George Shieh ◽  
JV Babu
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Wellbore Stability ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Performance Decline ◽  
Glycol Fluid

A four-well project located onshore Papua New Guinea provided an opportunity to compare the performance of two inhibitive drilling fluids in the problematic 12¼” interval. Wells A and B were drilled using a conventional KCl/glycol fluid. Wells C and D used a high-performance water-based fluid (HPWBF) containing a shale inhibitor that also provides lubricity. All four wells were drilled with the same rig. The base brine for both fluids was KCl. All hole sections were directionally drilled from vertical to near horizontal by section TD through a claystone interval. Tectonic wellbore breakout was present in all four wells, and the position of the breakout in the wellbore varied from well to well. Well A was regarded as the easiest well to drill due to the breakout being on the sides on the inclined well bore (horizontal), and Well D was regarded as being the most difficult well to drill due to the breakout being located directly on the top and bottom of the wellbore (vertical). Performance comparisons were made using on bottom rates of penetration, tripping times, casing running times, and overall hole section costs. These data have been normalised to remove non hole related NPT events. The KCl/glycol system provided sufficient wellbore stability in Wells A and B with horizontal breakouts and with non-optimal breakouts with very limited openhole exposure. For higher risk wells C and D with non-optimal breakout positions however, the HPWBF offered improved reliability and ensured there was no performance decline. Outstanding performance occurred in Well D where the HPWBF maintained good wellbore stability over a 56-day exposure. Although the KCl/glycol fluid had a lower cost/bbl, improved overall cost savings were achieved by using the HPWBF in the high-risk wells. This paper addresses all operations performed while drilling and casing the 12¼” interval. Possible causes for performance differences are evaluated, taking into account that mud systems represent only one variable. As other variables were introduced progressively, it was possible to back these out to determine mud system effectiveness.

Sodium Silicate Based Drilling Fluid Application in Gulf of Thailand to Stabilise Wellbore: A Case Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waleepon Sukarasep ◽  
Rahul Sukanta Dey ◽  
Visarut Phonpuntin
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Wellbore Stability ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Gulf Of Thailand ◽  
Hole Cleaning ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Wellbore Strengthening ◽  
Effective Seal

Abstract Sodium Silicate were first used in water-based drilling fluids to stabilize claystone formations in the 1930's, but found favour in the 1990's in high performance, non dispersed water based systems for drilling problematic claystone formations as an alternative to oil-based drilling fluids. In Bongkot South field, Gulf of Thailand, sodium silicate-based drilling fluid (SSBDF) were used with mixed success in shallow gas drilling. Typically, platform WP-33, the claystone formation of the 12¼" section were drilled with 5% v/v Sodium Silicate in the water based drilling fluid together with excessive circulation as intention to improve hole cleaning frequently result in a wellbore that was overgauge by upto 18.9% in some case. This led to further hole cleaning problem that also compromised cement job quality. A further 6 well campaign on WPS-16 required a re-evaulation of the SSBDF coupled to an understanding of the wellbore instability mechanisms that leads to hole enlargement. To overcome better wellbore stability, sodium silicate has been designed by increased concentration to 8% v/v sodium silicate treated drilling fluid showed optimal design for application base on application of SSBDF has been used on platform WP-11 in 2002. Rheology, hydraulic and flow regime was adjusted for laminar flow that reduced the erosion of fragile claystone formation in the wellbore. The revised SSBDF formulation at WPS-16 result in a significant reduction of hole enlargement to 3.2% in the claystone section through a combination of chemicals and mechanical inhibition that contribute improved hole cleaning. The addition of wellbore strengthening material also provide an effective seal to minimize gas invasion. This paper describes the field trials in the Gulf of Thailand drilled with revised sodium sodium silicate based drilling fluid, the use of wellbore strengthening materials to manage gas influxes, better drilling practice and hydraclic simulation concluded that high performance water based drilling fluid of this nature have wider application where oil-base drilling fluid have traditionally been used.

High Performance Water Base Fluid Improves Wellbore Stability and Lowers Torque

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. DeNinno ◽  
M. Molina ◽  
J. Shipman ◽  
H. Dearing ◽  
F. Arpini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Base Fluid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Wellbore Stability ◽  
Water Base

scholarly journals HIGHLY ACTIVE CATALYSTS FOR OXIDATION OF THIOLS

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Inna V. Pletneva ◽  
Yuriy A. Gavrilov
Keyword(s):  
Oxidation Reaction ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Vacuum Gasoil ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Copper Salts ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Catalyst Composition ◽  
Level Of Activity ◽  
High Level ◽  
Hydrocarbon Media

The problem of disposal of toxic and corrosion-active sulfhydryl substances (deodorization), natural hydrocarbons is relevant to operational and environmental aspects. One method of removing these impurities is catalytic oxidation to non-toxic disulfide form. The message shows the results of a comparative study of the oxidation reaction of thiols by oxygen to disulfides in hydrocarbon media, catalyzed by complexes of copper salts (I, II) with various nitrogen-containing bases. As nitrogen-containing ligands, mono - and diethanolamine with different C4-C18 hydrocarbon radicals were used. It is established that water-soluble catalyst composition on the basis of monoethanolamine and the hydrocarbon-soluble complex of copper Cu(II) with N-octadecyldiethanolamine exhibits low activity in the oxidation of 1-octanethiol. It was found the activating effect of HCl on the activity of catalysts in various hydrocarbons (model mixture, vacuum gasoil, naphtha and gas condensate of the Karachaganak field), which allows for an exhaustive oxidation of thiols with the initial concentrations ≥1000 ppm. However, the introduction of hydrogen chloride is accompanied by the appearance of corrosion. The introduction of corrosion inhibitors have led to the complete deactivation of the catalysts. The high-performance catalytic system based on CuCl2/CuO was designed, for which we found the optimum ratio of catalyst/inhibitor, to eliminate the corrosion effect while maintaining a high level of activity. The kinetics of the oxidation reaction of the sulfhydryl derivatives by oxygen was studied. It was found that regardless of the nature of the hydrocarbon media, for all investigated catalysts a zero order on concentration of the thiol and close to first order on the catalyst concentration is observed. The use of developed catalysts and purification technology in the industry will reduce the environmental hazard during the transportation and storage of petroleum products.Forcitation:Pletneva I.V., Gavrilov Yu.A. Highly active catalysts for oxidation of thiols. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2017. V. 60. N 8. P. 70-73.

Rheological Properties of Water Based Drilling Fluid in Deep Water Drilling Conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 318 ◽  
pp. 507-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Sheng Yue ◽  
Qing Zhi Yang ◽  
Shu Jie Liu ◽  
Bao Sheng He ◽  
You Lin Hu
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Rheological Property ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Viscosity Ratio ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Wellbore Stability ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Water Medium ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Water Base

The rheological property of the drilling fluid was one of the focus problems in deep-water drilling, which was widely concerned. In the article, the viscosity-temperature properties of commonly used water soluble polymeric solution, polymeric brine solution, bentonite slurry, polyacrylamide-potassium chloride drilling fluid with different densities and water-base drilling fluid systems commonly used for China offshore well drillings were studied. 4°C-to-20°C viscosity ratio and 4°C-to-20°C YP ratio were used to judge the thickening level of drilling fluids due to low temperature. The experimental results show that on the condition of without considering the influence of pressure on the rheological property of water-base drilling fluid, its viscosity and yield point raised obviously with the decrease of temperature, but the increase level is proximately the same, its 4°C-to-20°C apparent viscosity ratio is basically within the 1.50. Analysis indicates that the viscosity of water-base drilling fluid depends on the viscosity of dispersed media. The performance of water medium determines the viscosity-temperature property of the water-based drilling fluid. It is proposed that in deep water drillings, if a water-base drilling fluid is used, it is not necessary to emphasize the influence of deep water and low temperature on the flowability. On the condition of guaranteeing wellbore stability and borehole cleaning, it is more suitable for using the water-base drilling fluid with low viscosity and low gel strength for deep water well drillings.

scholarly journals Selective Refinement Network for High Performance Face Detection

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 8231-8238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Chi ◽  
Shifeng Zhang ◽  
Junliang Xing ◽  
Zhen Lei ◽  
Stan Z. Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Receptive Field ◽  
Face Detection ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Field Enhancement ◽  
Search Space ◽  
Single Shot ◽  
The Face ◽  
Face Datasets ◽  
High Level ◽  
Face Detector

High performance face detection remains a very challenging problem, especially when there exists many tiny faces. This paper presents a novel single-shot face detector, named Selective Refinement Network (SRN), which introduces novel twostep classification and regression operations selectively into an anchor-based face detector to reduce false positives and improve location accuracy simultaneously. In particular, the SRN consists of two modules: the Selective Two-step Classification (STC) module and the Selective Two-step Regression (STR) module. The STC aims to filter out most simple negative anchors from low level detection layers to reduce the search space for the subsequent classifier, while the STR is designed to coarsely adjust the locations and sizes of anchors from high level detection layers to provide better initialization for the subsequent regressor. Moreover, we design a Receptive Field Enhancement (RFE) block to provide more diverse receptive field, which helps to better capture faces in some extreme poses. As a consequence, the proposed SRN detector achieves state-of-the-art performance on all the widely used face detection benchmarks, including AFW, PASCAL face, FDDB, and WIDER FACE datasets. Codes will be released to facilitate further studies on the face detection problem.

High-performance CaMKI: A highly active and stable form of CaMKIδ produced by high-level soluble expression in Escherichia coli

2016 ◽  
Vol 475 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukako Senga ◽  
Kazutoshi Akizuki ◽  
Syouichi Katayama ◽  
Yasushi Shigeri ◽  
Isamu Kameshita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Soluble Expression ◽  
Stable Form ◽  
Expression In Escherichia Coli ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
High Level

scholarly journals Estresse psicológico e recuperação em atletas profissionais do circuito brasileiro de vôlei de praia: um estudo seccional

2018 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Victor Silva ◽  
Michel Moraes Gonçalves ◽  
Michela De Souza Cotian ◽  
Marcelo Nobre
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Coping Skills ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Pearson Coefficient ◽  
The Face ◽  
High Level ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Moderate Magnitude ◽  
Relevant Factors

Introdução: A importância mundial do esporte destaca a necessidade do estudo de todos os fenômenos nele envolvidos. Um dos fatores mais relevantes relacionados ao rendimento dos atletas é estado psicológico. Há diferentes formas de enfrentamento (coping) e de recuperação diante do estresse psicológico presente em no ambiente de competições de alto nível.Objetivo: Examinar os níveis de estresse esportivo e de recuperação e as estratégias de adaptação (coping) utilizadas pelos atletas profissionais de vôlei de praia do sexo masculino com as melhores posições no ranking da Confederação Brasileira de Vôlei de Praia (CBVP).Métodos: Estudo seccional observacional, do qual participaram 19 atletas de alto rendimento de vôlei de praia do sexo masculino. Foram aplicados os instrumentos Questionário de Estresse e Recuperação no Esporte (RESTQ-76 Sport) Sports e Athletic Coping Skills Inventory-28 (ACSI-28). Utilizou-se o coeficiente de Pearson para analisar a relação de idade e ranking com coping.Resultados: Houve correlação positiva de magnitude moderada (R = 0,531; P = 0,019) entre os valores de coping total e a idade dos atletas. Não foi encontrada relação entre o ranking dos atletas e os valores de coping total.Conclusão: Idade foi um indicador de maior capacidade de lidar com estresse para atletas profissionais de vôlei de praia, na faixa etária dos participantes deste estudo. Os atletas não demonstraram priorizar uma característica específica dentro das estratégias de enfrentamento de coping ao lidar com uma competição desportiva como evento estressor.Psychological Stress and Recovery in Professional Athletes of the Brazilian Beach Volleyball Circuit: a Sectional StudyIntroduction: The worldwide sports importance highlights the need to study all the phenomena involved in it. One of the most relevant factors related to athletes' performance is psychological state. There are different forms of coping and recovery in the face of the psychological stress present in the environment of high-level competitions.Objective: To examine the levels of sports stress and recovery and coping strategies used by professional male beach volleyball athletes with the best positions in the Brazilian Beach Volleyball Confederation (CBVP) ranking.Methods: Observational sectional study, in which 19 high-performance male beach volleyball athletes participated. The Sports and Athletic Coping Skills Inventory-28 (ACSI-28) questionnaire was applied to stress and recovery in sports (RESTQ-76 Sport). The Pearson coefficient was used to analyze the relation of age and ranking with coping.Results: There was a positive correlation of moderate magnitude (R = 0.531; P = 0.019) between the total coping values and the athletes' age. No correlation was found between athlete ranking and total coping values.Conclusion: Conclusion: Age was an indicator of greater capacity to deal with stress for professional beach volleyball athletes, in the age group of the participants of this study. The athletes did not demonstrate prioritizing a specific characteristic within coping strategies when dealing with a sports competition as a stressor event.

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