Trapped Oil in Low-Permeability Zone Unswept by Water Flooding Under Permeability Heterogeneity Can be Mobilized by Ultra-Low Interfacial Tension: EOR Mechanism of Dilute Surfactant Flooding Proved by Low field NMR Core Flooding and Two-Parallel Core Flooding Experiments

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengdong Yuan ◽  
Wanfen Pu ◽  
Mikhail A. Varfolomeev ◽  
Tao Tan ◽  
Shuai Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Low Permeability ◽  
Surfactant Flooding ◽  
Core Flooding ◽  
Permeability Heterogeneity ◽  
Low Field ◽  
Low Interfacial Tension ◽  
Low Field Nmr ◽  
Dilute Surfactant Flooding

scholarly journals Effect of Environment-Friendly Non-Ionic Surfactant on Interfacial Tension Reduction and Wettability Alteration; Implications for Enhanced Oil Recovery

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omid Haghighi ◽  
Ghasem Zargar ◽  
Abbas Khaksar Manshad ◽  
Muhammad Ali ◽  
Mohammad Takassi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Co2 Storage ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Wettability Alteration ◽  
Ionic Surfactant ◽  
Surfactant Flooding ◽  
Core Flooding ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Reservoir Rocks

Production from mature oil reservoirs can be optimized by using the surfactant flooding technique. This can be achieved by reducing oil and water interfacial tension (IFT) and modifying wettability to hydrophilic conditions. In this study, a novel green non-ionic surfactant (dodecanoyl-glucosamine surfactant) was synthesized and used to modify the wettability of carbonate reservoirs to hydrophilic conditions as well as to decrease the IFT of hydrophobic oil–water systems. The synthesized non-ionic surfactant was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and chemical shift nuclear magnetic resonance (HNMR) analyses. Further pH, turbidity, density, and conductivity were investigated to measure the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of surfactant solutions. The result shows that this surfactant alters wettability from 148.93° to 65.54° and IFT from 30 to 14 dynes/cm. Core-flooding results have shown that oil recovery was increased from 40% (by water flooding) to 59% (by surfactant flooding). In addition, it is identified that this novel non-ionic surfactant can be used in CO2 storage applications due to its ability to alter the hydrophobicity into hydrophilicity of the reservoir rocks.

Modification and Application of Capillary Number to Oil Displacement in Low Permeability Reservoirs

2013 ◽  
Vol 868 ◽  
pp. 522-528
Author(s):  
Tao Ping Chen ◽  
Biao Qiu ◽  
Qi Hao Hu
Keyword(s):  
Number Theory ◽  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Capillary Number ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Low Permeability ◽  
Oil Displacement ◽  
Displacement Experiments ◽  
Low Interfacial Tension ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Low Permeability Reservoirs

As concerning the limitations of the classic capillary number theory in the applications to the oil displacement with the ultra low interfacial intension system in low permeability reservoirs, considering the flow velocity of water/oil displacement through pores in low permeability reservoirs and the mechanism of displacement of the remaining oil in the parallel pores, and considering the influences of ultra low interfacial intension on oil/water relative permeability and the influences of non-homogeneity on the recovery, the expression of modification of the capillary number was given. The relation curves of recovery and capillary number were plotted through the displacement experiments with the ultra low interfacial intension system in low permeability cores. Some points on the application of capillary number to the oil displacement with the ultra low interfacial tension system were given, and the reasonable ways of enhancing the recovery of water flooding low permeability reservoirs with ultra low interfacial intension system were shown.

The Influence of Various Gypsum Dosage, Specific Area of Cement and Water Reducers on Bleeding of Fresh Cement Paste Using Low-Field NMR

2021 ◽  
Vol 1036 ◽  
pp. 255-262
Author(s):  
Yan Liang Ji ◽  
Zhen Ping Sun ◽  
Min Pang
Keyword(s):  
Cement Paste ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
High Water ◽  
Low Permeability ◽  
Cement Pastes ◽  
Bleeding Rate ◽  
Low Field ◽  
Low Field Nmr ◽  
Type Water ◽  
Hot Zone

Based on the low-field NMR, this study inveitigated bleeding property of the fresh cement pastes mixed with various gypsum dosage, specific area of cement and water reducers. Results showed that the gypsum dosage between 3 % and 5 % will cause an decrease bleeding and a lower bleeding velocity, while a 1 % gypsum dosage will increase the bleeding as a function of time. The increase of the cement surface will lead to a less bleeding rate. This can be explained that the finer particle will contribute to the packing which will form a low permeability of the cement paste, as a result less bleeding water is observed. The PCEs-made sample has smaller hot zone area which indocated the PCEs has good bleeding stability when varing water cement ratio. Furthermore, bying comparing with the NPE, it was found the ACS type water reducer has higher bleeding sensitivity when high water cement ratios were used.

Ultra-Low Interfacial Tension and Retention of Internal Olefin Sulfonate (IOS) for EOR

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 36-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Mei Sun ◽  
Guo Qiang Gao ◽  
Lu Shan Wang ◽  
Zhong Qiang Tian ◽  
Jie Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Media ◽  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Carbon Number ◽  
Surfactant Flooding ◽  
Optimal Salinity ◽  
Low Interfacial Tension ◽  
Internal Olefin ◽  
C 50 ◽  
Internal Olefin Sulfonate

Surfactant ultra-low interfacial tension (IFT) for internal olefin sulfonate with iso-amylalcohol (IAA) as co-solvent against heptane, octane and decane at 20 °C, 50 °C, and 90 °C respectively have been systematically investigated, as well as the dynamic retention in porous media. The results show for oils with alkane carbon number from 7 to 10 and temperature from 20 °C to 90 °C, optimal salinity starts from 6.5 wt% to 11.6 wt% NaCl, where ultra-low IFT occurs. While at high salinity (at least from 6 wt% NaCl ), the retention is too high for surfactant flooding to be applicable. Only internal olefin sulfonate with co-solvent alone can not provide a perfect formulation with ultra-low IFT and low retention.

The Reaserch of Displacement Oil of the Polymer System with the Low Interfacial Tension Conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 535-537 ◽  
pp. 1163-1166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Guo Ma ◽  
Quan Guo ◽  
Dan Li ◽  
Ren Qiang Liu ◽  
Hui Fen Xia
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Polymer Solution ◽  
Mass Concentration ◽  
Polymer System ◽  
Polymer Flooding ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Displacement Efficiency ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Low Interfacial Tension ◽  
Concentration Changes

The polymer system in low interfacial tension conditions is a important technology in oilfield production. Through the Using both rheometer(HAAKE RS150) and interface tension instrument(TS500), the effect of interfacial tension character and viscosity caused by the changing of polymer mass concentration is studied in 30 degrees celsius condition. The man-made core displacement oil experiments and visual model displacement oil experiments were carried out, the displacement efficiency of polymer solution with low interfacial tension after water flooding or polymer flooding was analyzed. The results indicate that the interfacial tension between polymer system with low interfacial tension and oil first reduced, then increased with the increasing of polymer mass concentration, when the polymer mass concentration changes form 0.5gram/Litre to 1.5gram/Litre, the interfacial tension is 10-3 milli-Newton/meter order of magnitude, when the polymer mass concentration increased to 2.0gram/Litre, the interfacial tension is 10-2 milli-Newton/meter order of magnitude. With the changing the polymer mass concentration of polymer system from 0.5gram/Litre, 1.0gram/Litre and 2.0gram/Litre, the viscosity of polymer system with low interfacial tension increased obviously. The recovery ratio can be enhanced further by polymer solution with low interfacial tension after both water flooding and polymer flooding.

scholarly journals Experimental study of the performances of commercial surfactants in reducing interfacial tension and wettability alteration in the process of chemical water injection into carbonate reservoirs

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1551-1563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siamak Najimi ◽  
Iman Nowrouzi ◽  
Abbas Khaksar Manshad ◽  
Amir H. Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Reservoir Rock ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Wettability Alteration ◽  
Core Flooding ◽  
Chemical Water

Abstract Surfactants are used in the process of chemical water injection to reduce interfacial tension of water and oil and consequently decrease the capillary pressure in the reservoir. However, other mechanisms such as altering the wettability of the reservoir rock, creating foam and forming a stable emulsion are also other mechanisms of the surfactants flooding. In this study, the effects of three commercially available surfactants, namely AN-120, NX-1510 and TR-880, in different concentrations on interfacial tension of water and oil, the wettability of the reservoir rock and, ultimately, the increase in oil recovery based on pendant drop experiments, contact angle and carbonate core flooding have been investigated. The effects of concentration, temperature, pressure and salinity on the performances of these surfactants have also been shown. The results, in addition to confirming the capability of the surfactants to reduce interfacial tension and altering the wettability to hydrophilicity, show that the TR-880 has the better ability to reduce interfacial tension than AN-120 and NX-1510, and in the alteration of wettability the smallest contact angle was obtained by dissolving 1000 ppm of surfactant NX-1510. Also, the results of interfacial tension tests confirm the better performances of these surfactants in formation salinity and high salinity. Additionally, a total of 72% recovery was achieved with a secondary saline water flooding and flooding with a 1000 ppm of TR-880 surfactant.

Tertiary Surfactant Flooding: Petroleum Sulfonate Composition-Efficacy Studies

1973 ◽  
Vol 13 (04) ◽  
pp. 191-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter W. Gale ◽  
Erik I. Sandvik
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Weight Distribution ◽  
Capillary Rise ◽  
Equivalent Weight ◽  
Residual Oil ◽  
Surfactant Flooding ◽  
Petroleum Sulfonate ◽  
Low Interfacial Tension ◽  
Oil Water

Abstract This paper discusses results of a laboratory program undertaken to define optimum petroleum program undertaken to define optimum petroleum sulfonates for use in surfactant flooding. Many refinery feedstocks, varying in molecular weight and aromatic content, were sulfonated using different processes, Resulting sulfonates were evaluated by measuring interracial tensions, adsorption-fractionation behavior, brine compatability, and oil recovery characteristics, as well as by estimating potential manufacturing costs. The best combination o[ these properties is achieved when highly aromatic feedstocks are sulfonated to yield surfactants having very broad equivalent weight distributions. Components of the high end of the equivalent weight distribution make an essential contribution to interfacial tension depression. This portion is also strongly adsorbed on mineral surfaces and has low water solubility. Middle Portions of the equivalent weight distribution serve as sacrificial adsorbates while lower equivalent weight components Junction as micellar solubilizers for heavy constituents. Results from linear laboratory oil-recovery tests demonstrate interactions of various portions of the equivalent weight distribution. portions of the equivalent weight distribution Introduction Four major criteria used in selecting a surfactant for a tertiary oil-recovery process are:low oil-water interfacial tension,low adsorption,compatibility with reservoir fluids andlow cost. Low interfacial tension reduces capillary forces trapping residual oil in porous media allowing the oil to be recovered. Attraction of surfactant to oil-water interfaces permits reduction of interfacial tension; however, attraction to rock-water interfaces can result in loss of surfactant to rock surfaces by adsorption. Surfactant losses can also arise from precipitation due to incompatibility with reservoir fluids. Low adsorption and low cost are primarily economic considerations, whereas low interfacial tension and compatibility are necessary for workability of the process itself. Petroleum sulfonates useful in surfactant flooding have been disclosed in several patents; however, virtually no detailed information is available in the nonpatent technical literature. Laboratory evaluation of surfactants consisted of determining their adsorption, interfacial tension, and oil recovery properties. Adsorption measurements were made by static equilibration of surfactant solutions with crushed rock and clays and by flowing surfactant solutions through various types of cores. Interfacial tensions were measured using pendant drop and capillary rise techniques. Berea, pendant drop and capillary rise techniques. Berea, Bartlesville, and in some cases, field cores containing brine and residual oil were flooded with sulfonate solutions in order to determine oil recovery. Fluids used in these displacement tests are described in Table 1. Unless otherwise specified, displacements of Borregos crude oil were carried out with Catahoula water as the resident aqueous phase after waterflooding and displacements of phase after waterflooding and displacements of Loudon crude oil with 1.5 percent NaCl as the resident aqueous phase. In those examples where banks of surfactants were injected, drive water following the surfactant had the same composition as the resident water. Concentrations of sulfonates are reported on a 100-percent activity basis. PETROLEUM SULFONATE CHEMISTRY PETROLEUM SULFONATE CHEMISTRY A substantial portion of the total research effort TABLE 1 - PROPERTIES OF FLUIDS USEDIN FLOODING TESTS

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