Determination of Multiple Scale Inhibitor Residuals in Single Produced Waters: A Case History From the North Sea Differentiating Four Chemistries

Author(s):  
Jonathan James Wylde ◽  
Adam Savin ◽  
Jamie Kerr ◽  
Audrey McLean ◽  
Marion Duncan
2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Arthur Bourassa ◽  
Tove Husby ◽  
Rick Deuane Watts ◽  
Dale Oveson ◽  
Tommy M. Warren ◽  
...  

Records of sea level for several North Sea ports for the winter of 1953-4 have been in vestigated. They were split into 14-day intervals, and each 14-day record was Fourieranalyzed to determine if any non-astronomical periods were present. There was evidence of some activity between 40 and 50 h period, and a determination of the phase angles at different ports showed that the activity could be due to a disturbance travelling southwards from the north of the North Sea. The disturbance was partly reflected somewhere near the line from Lowestoft to Flushing, so that one part returned past Flushing and Esbjerg towards Bergen while the other part travelled towards Dover, and there was evidence of its existence on the sea-current records taken near St Margaret's Bay. These results were confirmed by subtracting the predicted astronomical tidal levels from the observed values of sea level and cross-correlating the residuals so obtained for each port with those found at Lowestoft. The residuals at Lowestoft and Aberdeen were compared with the meteorological conditions, and it was found that, although they could be attributed to a large extent to conditions within the North Sea, there was an additional effect due to a travelling surge which was of the same order of magnitude at both Lowestoft and Aberdeen and which was closely related to the rate of change with time of the atmospheric pressure difference between Wick and Bergen.


1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Hampson ◽  
Terje Hansen ◽  
H. Jakubowicz ◽  
John V. Kingston

1988 ◽  
Vol 41 (02) ◽  
pp. 149-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. F. Woodman ◽  
J. Juleff ◽  
R. A. Allen

A mainly theoretical study has been undertaken to demonstrate how the extent of cover from a hyperbolic navigation system chain can be evaluated. The impetus for the study was the need to assess how Loran-C could be extended over Western Europe, particularly in the South western Approaches, North Sea, English Channel and Bay of Biscay sea areas.The technique described in this article leads to an accurate determination of the electric field strength at a distance from each transmitting site and takes into account the complexities of the ground-wave propagation path. This field-strength contour is combined with the geometric effects of station siting (expansion factors) to yield a constant S/N contour (–10 dB) which defines the ¼n.m. error and hence the limit of cover for the hyperbolic chain under study.In order to exercise the analytical methods a hypothetical Loran-C chain was studied comprising a master station at Lessay (France), with secondary stations at Soustons (also in France), at Sylt (dual rated; off the North Sea coast of Germany, near the Danish border) and at a fourth station located in north-west Britain on the Hebridean island of Barra. The study indicated that such a hypothetical chain would significantly improve Loran-C cover over much of western Europe.


1993 ◽  
Vol 347 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 324-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Krause ◽  
M. Kriews ◽  
W. Dannecker ◽  
C.-D. Garbe-Sch�nberg ◽  
M. Kersten

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.. Sørhaug ◽  
M.M.. M. Jordan ◽  
R.A.. A. McCartney ◽  
R.. Stalker ◽  
E.J.. J. Mackay ◽  
...  

Abstract The Blane field is a sub-sea oil and gas production development located in the southern part of the North Sea straddling the UK and Norwegian border. The field is expected to produce inorganic scale (BaSO4) when injection water containing sulphate breaks through in the production wells. This will require scale inhibitor squeezes from an intervention vessel to mitigate scale deposition. The wells were completed with long horizontal sections straddling multiple producing zones. This could potentially result in scale deposition severely reducing productivity if both formation water and injection water were to be produced simultaneously into the wells. Adding to the complexity, the perforation guns were left in the wellbore as part of the completion preventing any access to the perforation area. The distribution of scale inhibitor during a squeeze pumping operation could therefore be uneven leaving parts of the well poorly protected. In addition, the guns prevent physical removal of any type of materials in the well bore like asphaltenes, sand and scale which could plug off the perforations during a pumping operation with a well intervention tool; Wireline, coiled tubing, etc.. Injection water supplied from a host platform is used for pressure support of the reservoir. During the field development, the injection water was expected to contain mostly produced water reducing the scale potential considerably as it would have low sulphate content. When water injection started, very little produced water was being produced resulting in mostly seawater being available available for pressure support. Scale deposition in the well and around the well bore could therefore prove to be impossible to control unless reactions in the reservoir would reduce the scale potential or a reliable scale inhibitor squeeze method to mitigate scaling could be identified. This paper describes the joint effort of 6 different companies to identify the risks associated with the inorganic scaling during production and how a scale squeeze strategy was developed. The work included scale inhibitor selection, a geo-chemical study, and reservoir and near well bore simulations, sub-sea deployment selection, deciding on water chemistry and production monitoring and development of an overall management plan.


1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Öz Yilmaz ◽  
Paul Farmer ◽  
Andrew Pieprzak ◽  
Bob Godfrey

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document