Coal Seam Gas (CSG): What Becomes of Produced Water? Regulation and Strategies

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Usha Dean ◽  
Fabienne D'Hautefeuille
Keyword(s):  
Coal Seam ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Water Regulation ◽  
Coal Seam Gas

Treatment of coal seam gas produced water for beneficial use in Australia: A review of best practices

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 316-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long D. Nghiem ◽  
Ting Ren ◽  
Naj Aziz ◽  
Ian Porter ◽  
Gyanendra Regmi
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Coal Seam ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Coal Seam Gas ◽  
Beneficial Use

scholarly journals Coal seam gas produced water treatment by ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis and multi-effect distillation: A pilot study

2015 ◽  
Vol 146 ◽  
pp. 94-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long D. Nghiem ◽  
Christian Elters ◽  
Alexander Simon ◽  
Taguchi Tatsuya ◽  
William Price
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Coal Seam ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Coal Seam Gas ◽  
Produced Water Treatment

In vitro cytotoxicity assessment of a hydraulic fracturing fluid

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madeleine E. Payne ◽  
Heather F. Chapman ◽  
Janet Cumming ◽  
Frederic D. L. Leusch
Keyword(s):  
Coal Seam ◽  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Coal Seam Gas ◽  
Fracturing Fluid ◽  
Human Health Risks ◽  
Fracturing Fluids ◽  
Hydraulic Fracturing Fluid

Environmental context Hydraulic fracturing fluids, used in large volumes by the coal seam gas mining industry, are potentially present in the environment either in underground formations or in mine wastewater (produced water). Previous studies of the human health and environmental effects of this practice have been limited because they use only desktop methods and have not considered combined mixture toxicity. We use a novel in vitro method for toxicity assessment, and describe the toxicity of a hydraulic fracturing fluid on a human gastrointestinal cell line. Abstract Hydraulic fracturing fluids are chemical mixtures used to enhance oil and gas extraction. There are concerns that fracturing fluids are hazardous and that their release into the environment – by direct injection to coal and shale formations or as residue in produced water – may have effects on ecosystems, water quality and public health. This study aimed to characterise the acute cytotoxicity of a hydraulic fracturing fluid using a human gastrointestinal cell line and, using this data, contribute to the understanding of potential human health risks posed by coal seam gas (CSG) extraction in Queensland, Australia. Previous published research on the health effects of hydraulic fracturing fluids has been limited to desktop studies of individual chemicals. As such, this study is one of the first attempts to characterise the toxicity of a hydraulic fracturing mixture using laboratory methods. The fracturing fluid was determined to be cytotoxic, with half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) values across mixture variations ranging between 25 and 51mM. When used by industry, these fracturing fluids would be at concentrations of over 200mM before injection into the coal seam. A 5-fold dilution would be sufficient to reduce the toxicity of the fluids to below the detection limit of the assay. It is unlikely that human exposure would occur at these high (‘before use’) concentrations and likely that the fluids would be diluted during use. Thus, it can be inferred that the level of acute risk to human health associated with the use of these fracturing fluids is low. However, a thorough exposure assessment and additional chronic and targeted toxicity assessments are required to conclusively determine human health risks.

Managing produced water from coal seam gas projects: implications for an emerging industry in Australia

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 10981-11000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Davies ◽  
Damian B. Gore ◽  
Stuart J. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Coal Seam ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Coal Seam Gas

Informal and Nonformal Adult Learning in the Coal Seam Gas Protests: Mobilizing Practices and Building an Environmental Justice Movement for Change

2021 ◽  
pp. 074171362110053
Author(s):  
Tracey Ollis
Keyword(s):  
Adult Learning ◽  
Coal Seam ◽  
Environmental Justice ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Coal Seam Gas ◽  
The Public ◽  
Theory Of Practice ◽  
The Earth

This case study research examines informal adult learning in the Lock the Gate Alliance, a campaign against mining for coal seam gas in Central Gippsland, Australia. In the field of the campaign, circumstantial activists learn to think critically about the environment, they learn informally and incidentally, through socialization with experienced activists from and through nonformal workshops provided by the Environmental Nongovernment Organization Friends of the Earth. This article uses Bourdieu’s “theory of practice,” to explore the mobilization of activists within the Lock the Gate Alliance field and the practices which generate knowledge and facilitate adult learning. These practices have enabled a diverse movement to educate the public and citizenry about the serious threat fracking poses to the environment, to their land and water supply. The movements successful practices have won a landmark moratorium on fracking for coal seam gas in the State of Victoria.

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