Design of an Effective Gravel Pack for Sand Control: A Numerical Approach

1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Peden ◽  
J. Russell ◽  
M.B. Oyeneyin
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Approach ◽  
Sand Control ◽  
Gravel Pack

Sand Free Production Success Through Proven Technology Enabler from An Untapped Heterogeneous Reservoir Zone Utilizing Gravel Pack Replacement Methodology

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Anggoro
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Erosion Resistance ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Screen Design ◽  
Sand Control ◽  
Rules Of Thumb ◽  
Production Success ◽  
Control Technologies ◽  
Gravel Pack

The Belida field is an offshore field located in Block B of Indonesia’s South Natuna Sea. This field was discovered in 1989. Both oil and gas bearing reservoirs are present in the Belida field in the Miocene Arang, Udang and Intra Barat Formations. Within the middle Arang Formation, there are three gas pay zones informally referred to as Beta, Gamma and Delta. These sand zones are thin pay zones which need to be carefully planned and economically exploited. Due to the nature of the reservoir, sand production is a challenge and requires downhole sand control. A key challenge for sand control equipment in this application is erosion resistance without inhibiting productivity as high gas rates and associated high flow velocity is expected from the zones, which is known to have caused sand control failure. To help achieve a cost-effective and easily planned deployment solution to produce hydrocarbons, a rigless deployment is the preferred method to deploy downhole sand control. PSD analysis from the reservoir zone suggested from ‘Industry Rules of Thumb’ a conventional gravel pack deployment as a means of downhole sand control. However, based on review of newer globally proven sand control technologies since adoption of these ‘Industry Rules of Thumb’, a cost-effective solution could be considered and implemented utilizing Ceramic Sand Screen technology. This paper will discuss the successful application at Block B, Natuna Sea using Ceramic Sand Screens as a rigless intervention solution addressing the erosion / hot spotting challenges in these high rate production zones. The erosion resistance of the Ceramic Sand Screen design allows a deployment methodology directly adjacent to the perforated interval to resist against premature loss of sand control. The robust ceramic screen design gave the flexibility required to develop a cost-effective lower completion deployment methodology both from a challenging make up in the well due to a restrictive lubricator length to the tractor conveyancing in the well to land out at the desired set depth covering the producing zone. The paper will overview the success of multi-service and product supply co-operation adopting technology enablers to challenge ‘Industry Rules of Thumb’ replaced by rigless reasoning as a standard well intervention downhole sand control solution where Medco E&P Natuna Ltd. (Medco E&P) faces sand control challenges in their high deviation, sidetracked well stock. The paper draws final attention to the hydrocarbon performance gain resulting due to the ability for choke free production to allow drawing down the well at higher rates than initially expected from this zone.

Practical Optimization of Industrial Gravel Size in Gravel Packed Well

2011 ◽  
Vol 201-203 ◽  
pp. 383-387
Author(s):  
Jin Gen Deng ◽  
Yu Chen ◽  
Li Hua Wang ◽  
Wen Long Zhao ◽  
Ping Li
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Control Effect ◽  
Gravel Layer ◽  
Gravel Size ◽  
Sand Control ◽  
Gravel Packing ◽  
Gravel Pack ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Computing Method

In the design of gravel packing sand control, the reasonable selection of gravel size is one of the keys to implementing sand control measures successfully. Aiming at the defects of commonly used methods of gravel size design and the characteristic that the gravel used in field operation is actually a mixture of gravel with multiple grain diameters, this paper builds a model of pore structure in gravel layer through researching the gravel pack structure caused by the gravel of two grain diameters mixed under actual packing conditions, calculates and analyzes the pore sizes in gravel layer. Ultimately, based on Saucier method, this paper presents a new gravel size optimization idea for gravel packing sand control with multiple grain diameters mixed, which agrees with the actual situation of industrial gravel, and gives the idea’s computing method. Considering the ideality of the model in this paper, the author has modified the computing method to make it more fit for the actual packing situation. This gravel size design method also gives consideration to the impact of formation sand uniformity on sand control effect, so it have the characteristics of good practicability, wide applicability and more accurate than other conventional methods.

Gravel Pack Evaluation Techniques to Ensure Sand Control in Deep Water Unconsolidated Gas Reservoir

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samir Kumar Dhar ◽  
Ajoy Bora ◽  
Rathnakar Reddy ◽  
Bineet Mund ◽  
Anoop Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Deep Water ◽  
Gas Reservoir ◽  
Sand Control ◽  
Gravel Pack ◽  
Evaluation Techniques

Significant Increase in Sand Control Reliability of Open Hole Gravel Pack Completions in ACG Field - Azerbaijan.

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoliandri Susilo ◽  
Kevin Whaley ◽  
Santiago Loboguerrero ◽  
Phillip Jackson ◽  
Natig Kerimov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sand Control ◽  
Open Hole ◽  
Gravel Pack

scholarly journals Effects of fluid flow rate and viscosity on gravel-pack plugging and the optimization of sand-control wells production

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1251-1259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changyin DONG ◽  
Yugang ZHOU ◽  
Qiang CHEN ◽  
Chunming ZHU ◽  
Yanlong LI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Fluid Flow Rate ◽  
Sand Control ◽  
Gravel Pack

Well-Flux Surveillance and Ramp-Up Method for Openhole Standalone Screen Completion

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (03) ◽  
pp. 53-54
Author(s):  
Judy Feder
Keyword(s):  
Technical Conference ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Well Performance ◽  
University Of Houston ◽  
Surveillance Model ◽  
Sand Control ◽  
Operating Limits ◽  
Direct Linkage ◽  
Flux Model ◽  
Gravel Pack

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Judy Feder, contains highlights of paper SPE 201662, “A Well-Flux Surveillance and Ramp-Up Method for Openhole Standalone Screen Completion,” by Mehmet Karaaslan and George K. Wong, University of Houston, and Kevin L. Soter, SPE, Shell, et al., prepared for the 2020 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, originally scheduled to be held in Denver, Colorado, 5-7 October. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Production and surveillance engineers need practical models to help maximize production while avoiding ramping up the well to an extent that the completion is damaged, causing well impairment or failure. The complete paper presents a well-flux surveillance method to monitor and ramp up production for openhole standalone screen (OH-SAS) completions that optimizes production by considering risks of production impairment and screen-erosion failure. Challenges of Increased Production vs. Well Failure The problem of increased production vs. the risk of well impairment or failure is a pressing problem for sand-control wells in deepwater, where projects tend to have a small number of high-rate wells. In such environments, any well impairments or failures greatly affect the project economics. Following unloading, well surveillance faces the critical step of ramping up to-ward the well’s designed peak rate for the first time when the actual well performance is uncertain. To reduce risk of well impairment or failure, surveillance information and models are needed to help make adjustments during the ramp-up process. Different models are available, from simple to complex and from small to large amounts of input data and computational efforts. Simple nonsurveillance models use field-derived operating limits of completion pressure drop and flow velocity or flux. They are non-surveillance models in the sense that no direct linkage of surveillance results to update flux calculations exists. Simple surveillance models use pressure transient analysis (PTA) results and completion information to evaluate changing well performance and adjust the ramp-up and long-term surveillance operations. The complex surveillance model evaluates well performance and adjusts well operations using probabilistic completion failure risks and coupled reservoir and completion simulations. These models mainly focus on cased-hole gravel pack and frac-pack applications. For openhole completions with sand control, the literature offers limited ramp-up surveillance references. The objective of the well-flux model described in the complete paper is to ramp up the well safely and optimize production using PTA results as surveillance inputs to calculate completion fluxes for well impairment or failure assessment. The method follows an approach presented in the literature.

Evaluation of Latest Technological Advances in Sand Control Completions: A Case Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rishabh Bharadwaj ◽  
Manish Kumar ◽  
Shashwat Harsh ◽  
Deepak Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Sand Production ◽  
Production Rates ◽  
Reservoir Properties ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Sand Control ◽  
Gravel Pack

Abstract Sand control poses huge financial loses during production operations particularly in mature fields. It hinders economic oil production rates as well as damages downhole and surface equipment due to its abrasive action. Excessive sand production rates can plug the wellhead, flow lines, and separators which can result in detrimental well control situations. This paper will provide a comparative study on various sand control mechanisms by reviewing the latest advancements in sand management techniques. This study evaluates the performance of through-tubing sand screens, internal gravel pack, cased hole expandable sand screen, modular gravel pack system, openhole standalone screen, multi-zone single trip gravel pack, slim gravel pack, and chemical sand consolidation mechanisms. Various field examples from Niger-Delta, Mahakam oil and gas block, and offshore Malaysia are examined to gain an insight about the application of aforementioned sand control methods for different type of reservoirs. This study enables the operator to tackle the sand production problem according to the well construction changes during the life cycle of a well. The internal gravel pack completion system delivers a prolonged plateau production regime in shallow depths. In high drawdown conditions, chemical sand consolidation completion incurs early water breakthrough and elevated sand production. Chemical sand consolidation technique yields better results in deeper formations and its placement can be improvised by implementing coiled tubing and diversion techniques for multi-stage treatments. Depending on the well inclination, gas-water contact, producing zone type and thickness, well age, and economy, the completion types out of modular gravel pack, openhole standalone screen, slim gravel pack, and through tubing sand screen is recommended accordingly. Acquiring offset data, well log analysis, particle size distribution and performing pressure tests will improve the data quality of the obtained reservoir properties. This will further help in the selection of the most suitable sand control method for the target reservoir.

Paradigm Shift in Completion Limits: Open Hole Gravel Pack in Highly Depleted Reservoirs Drilled with Well Bore Strengthening Technology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Whaley ◽  
Phillip J Jackson ◽  
Michael Wolanski ◽  
Tural Aliyev ◽  
Gumru Muradova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Well Bore ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Additional Time ◽  
Sand Control ◽  
Production Wells ◽  
Open Hole ◽  
Gravel Pack

Abstract Open Hole Gravel Pack (OHGP) completions have been the primary completion type for production wells in the Azeri-Chirag-Gunashli (ACG) field in Azerbaijan for 20 years. In recent years, it has been required to use well bore strengthening mud systems to allow drilling the more depleted parts of the field. This paper describes the major engineering effort that was undertaken to develop systems and techniques that would allow the successful installation of OHGP completions in this environment. OHGP completions have evolved over the last 3 decades, significantly increasing the window of suitable installation environments such that if a well could be drilled it could, in most cases, be completed as an OHGP if desired. Drilling fluids technology has also advanced to allow the drilling of highly depleted reservoirs with the development of well bore strengthening mud systems which use oversized solids in the mud system to prevent fracture propagation. This paper describes laboratory testing and development of well construction procedures to allow OHGPs to be successfully installed in wells drilled with well bore strengthening mud systems. Laboratory testing results showed that low levels of formation damage could be achieved in OHGPs using well bore strengthening mud systems that are comparable to those drilled with conventional mud systems. These drilling fluid formulations along with the rigorous mud conditioning and well clean-up practices that were developed were first implemented in mid-2019 and have now been used in 6 OHGP wells. All 6 wells showed that suitable levels of drilling mud cleanliness could be achieved with limited additional time added to the well construction process and operations and all of them have robust sand control reliability and technical limit skins. Historically it was thought that productive, reliable OHGP completions could not be delivered when using well bore strengthening mud systems due to the inability to effectively produce back filter cakes with large solids through the gravel pack and the ability to condition the mud system to allow sand screen deployment without plugging occurring. The engineering work and field results presented demonstrate that these hurdles can be overcome through appropriate fluid designs and well construction practices.

Nigeria JV Onshore OHGP Recent Experience: Beyond Flawless Execution

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayode Adegbulugbe ◽  
Akunna Ambakederemo ◽  
Chidi Elendu
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Region ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Recent Experience ◽  
Procedural Change ◽  
Sand Control ◽  
Open Hole ◽  
Loss Event ◽  
Average Water ◽  
Operational Excellence ◽  
Gravel Pack

Abstract An oil producing swamp field, BX, is located in the coastal region of the western Niger Delta with an average water depth of 15 – 20 ft. The wells in the most recent development drilling campaign were designed as horizontal wells with critical well objective of meeting the target oil production rates with sand control. In order to achieve these goals, the sand control methodology deployed is the Open Hole Gravel Pack (OHGP) pumped through Concentric Annular Pack Screen (CAPS) system. This completion methodology has similar comparisons to the AX field completions where 19 completions were successfully installed between 2016 and 2018. The lessons learnt from the AX campaign were implemented on the BX campaign and this contributed to the campaign's near-flawless completion execution evidenced by the world class operational excellence, very low Non-Productive Times (NPTs) best-in-class production performances with no sand production However, the following opportunities were identified and implemented during the BX campaign focused on either increasing operational efficiency or preventing post-completion productivity impairment:Elimination of slickline required for tubing test operations by incorporating a "RH" catcher sub into the completion designPerforming required analysis and implementing procedural change to ensure that the change from WBM to NAF does not compromise completion performance due to the presence of reactive shales intervals encountered in the lateralDeveloping and implementing an enhanced fluid loss protocol to address the fluid loss event in one of the BX well that prevented the execution of OHGP pumping operation in the well. The implementation of these opportunities contributed significantly to the continued consistent delivery of superior completions performance in the BX field. This paper aims to provide a background to these opportunities and highlights the steps and processes that were applied to ensure their flawless implementation.

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