Acid Fracturing of Deep Gas Wells Using a Surfactant-Based Acid: Long-Term Effects on Gas Production Rate

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisham A. Nasr-El-Din ◽  
Saad M. Al-Driweesh ◽  
Kirk Michael Bartko ◽  
Hamed Hasan Al-Ghadhban ◽  
Venkateshwaran Ramanathan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Gas Wells ◽  
Acid Fracturing

scholarly journals The Influence of Determining Factors on the Parameters of Gas-lift Operation of Flooded Gas Wells

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-80
Author(s):  
R. М. Kondrat ◽  
О. R. Kondrat ◽  
L. І. Khaidarova ◽  
N. М. Hedzyk
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Wells ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Wellhead Pressure ◽  
Water Factor ◽  
Gas Lift

The development of gas deposits at the final stage is usually complicated by watering production wells. With the advent of water in the formation product, the gas production rate decreases due to the decrease in the gas-saturated thickness of the reservoirs and the increase in pressure loss during movement of the liquid-gas mixture in the wellbore and flow lines as compared to the movement of gas only. Well operation is gradually becoming unstable, periodic with the subsequent cessation of natural flowing. The methods of operation of flooded wells are characterized. The use of the gas-lift method for the operation of flooded gas wells in depleted gas fields is justified. The effect of tubing diameter, wellhead pressure and water factor on the parameters of gas-lift operation of flooded wells is investigated. The research is carried out using the improved technique proposed by the authors and the PipeSim program for hypothetical (simulated) well conditions. The studies performed are presented in the form of graphical dependences of the production rate of reservoir gas, the minimum required gas production rate for the liquid to be taken from the bottom of the well to the surface, lift gas flow rate and bottomhole pressure on wellhead pressure, diameter of tubing and water factor. The research results indicate a significant coincidence of the values ​​of the calculated parameters of the gas-lift operation of the watered well according to the proposed methods and the PipeSim program. Using the research results, it is possible to select the optimal diameter of the tubing string and evaluate the value of formation gas flow rate and gas-lift flow rates for various values ​​of water factor and wellhead pressure.

Material Selection of Gas-Well Wellhead Assembly and Application in High-Sulfur Gas-Well

2013 ◽  
Vol 703 ◽  
pp. 135-138
Author(s):  
Ling Feng Li
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Production System ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Gas Wells ◽  
Gas Well ◽  
System Life ◽  
Selection Of

For natural gas well, material selection of gas-well wellhead assembly is an important factor of gas production system life. In order to ensure the long-term development of gas wells, this paper mainly introduces the material selection of gas-well wellhead assembly, proposes the optimization idea and technique of gas-well wellhead assembly. By taking W well as an example, this paper optimizes the material selection of gas-well wellhead assembly for W well. For application, the optimal materials of gas-well wellhead assembly in W well have good performance of corrosion resistance.

A Fuzzy Method to Quantitatively Evaluate the Effect of Foam Deliquification in Gas Wells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Jia ◽  
Jianjun Zhang ◽  
Xiuling Han ◽  
Junfeng Shi ◽  
Donghong Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Daily Injection ◽  
Gas Wells ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Foaming Agents ◽  
Factors Affecting

Abstract Deliquification is the primary technique for stabilizing gas production and improving gas recovery in gas fields producing water, and foam deliquification is the key subject of research for the purpose of enhancing gas production and cutting down cost. However, there is no systematic method to evaluate and compare the effects of foam deliquification in gas wells in various conditions. Aiming at the above problem, a new fuzzy quantitative evaluation method for foam deliquification is proposed. The method focus on four indicators, namely, rate of change in daily gas production, rate of change in daily water production, rate of change in the difference between tubing and casing pressures, and rate of change in daily injection cost. The evaluation results are calculated by the linear analysis, hierarchy analysis and fuzzy relation synthesis operator. The method has been applied to 30 foam deliquification wells in Sulige gas field and Chongqing gas field, and the comprehensive index of foam deliquification effect is calculated. The advantage of this method is that the technical and economic factors affecting foam deliquifiction, the membership relationships of various indicators, as well as the weight coefficients of the indicators are integratedly considered. It can be used for comprehensive evaluation and quantitative comparison of foam deliquification effects in gas wells in various conditions, assisting in determining candidate wells for foam deliquification, and guiding the selection of foaming agents.

scholarly journals Study on the Water Invasion and Its Effect on the Production from Multilayer Unconsolidated Sandstone Gas Reservoirs

Geofluids ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yong Hu ◽  
Xizhe Li ◽  
Weijun Shen ◽  
Changmin Guo ◽  
Chunyan Jiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
High Permeability ◽  
Gas Wells ◽  
Gas Reservoirs ◽  
Reservoir Properties ◽  
High Production Rate ◽  
Major Factors

Water invasion is a common occurrence in multilayer unconsolidated gas reservoirs, which results in excessive water production and reduces the economic life of gas wells. However, due to multiple layers, active edge water, and strong heterogeneity, the mechanism of water invasion and its effect in the unconsolidated sandstone gas reservoir require understanding in order to improve efficiency and minimize economic cost. In this study, an experimental study on edge water invasion of the multilayer commingled production in unconsolidated sandstone gas reservoirs was conducted to understand the water invasion process along with different permeability layers. The results show that the edge water invasion in the commingling production is mainly affected by two major factors including reservoir permeability and gas production rate, which jointly control the encroaching water advance path and speed. The nonuniform invade of edge water may occur easily and water prefers to invade toward the gas well along with high permeability layers when the commingling production is in the condition of large permeability gradient and high production rate. The bypass flow will occur when there are high permeability channels between the layers, which causes water blocking to low-permeability layers and periphery reservoirs far away from gas wells. The findings of this study can help for a better understanding of water invasion and the effects of reservoir properties so as to optimize extraction conditions and predict gas productivity in unconsolidated sandstone gas reservoirs.

Corrosion Modelling of Gas Wells With Excessive Sand Production: Case Study of Field Y in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.A. Biladi
Keyword(s):  
Water Saturation ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Tubular Damage ◽  
Sand Production ◽  
Gas Wells ◽  
Production Wells ◽  
Erosion Modelling ◽  
Excessive Water

This publication addresses risk analysis and the potential of sand induced tubing erosion in gas production wells due to high rate gas wells combined with excessive water and sand production. As gas wells become more mature, it is inevitable that water will be produced not only from vapour but also from aquifer. This presents a problem, especially in the unconsolidated wells where sands will be massively produced. Therefore, this publication addresses the potential of tubular damage from sand production in gas wells. The authors have analysed two published case studies using the approach of corrosion and erosion modelling, as well as tubing stress analysis to ensure long term tubing integrity. The calculations show that tubing design will be heavily affected by the sand prediction, especially for older tubing with thinner layer and possibility of deformation. Therefore, it is imperative to propose a more conservative tubing design especially in sour wells with excessive water production and where there is the possibility of sand production. It is also worth noting that as wells become older, with rising water saturation also comes the possibility of higher sand production due to the effects of shear stress. This publication should become an incentive for operators to conduct a more thorough completion examination for tubular integrity design in high rate gas wells especially ones with excessive sand production. This publication addresses a new approach in designing tubular goods for natural gas wells with the tendency of excessive sand production due to development of water saturation in mature gas wells.

Transient Modeling of Plunger Lift for Gas Well Deliquification

SPE Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Qingqi Zhao ◽  
Jianjun Zhu ◽  
Guangqiang Cao ◽  
Haiwen Zhu ◽  
Hong-Quan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
Transient Flow ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Hydrocarbon Mixture ◽  
Gas Wells ◽  
Gas Well ◽  
Compositional Model ◽  
Reservoir Coefficient ◽  
Casing Pressure

Summary As an economical and efficient artificial lift method, plunger lift can be used to unload the accumulated liquids from the bottom of gas wells, which helps lower the bottomhole pressure, resulting in higher gas production rate. However, the transient flow behavior of the plunger-lift-aided production system is still not well understood due to the lack of a reliable and accurate prediction model. In this study, a transient mechanistic model is developed to simulate the comprehensive dynamic process of a plunger-lift system that is cyclically paced by a surface control valve. Starting from the Gasbarri and Wiggins (2001) dynamic plunger-lift model, four stages in the cyclic movement of a plunger can be identified and calculated using a set of specific governing equations. Considering the gas flows with a plunger in the tubing, the model can calculate the instant velocities of the plunger during its rising and falling movement. The classical inflow performance relationship (IPR) is employed as the reservoir model to obtain the fluid flow rates from the reservoir to the wellbore. The proposed new model can capture the essential parameters of plunger-lift cycles, including plunger velocity/acceleration, tubing/casing pressure, production rates, etc. Compared to previous models, the predicted rising and falling speeds of the plunger are improved. The hydrocarbon mixture properties in the gas well are computed by a compositional model in this study, which provides more accurate and reasonable predictions of tubing and casing pressure. Several parametric studies are presented in the paper. These studies will help to understand the influence of different parameters on the process of plunger lift. An appropriate combination of casing and tubing pressure should be taken into consideration. A reservoir coefficient term is introduced and defined. A larger reservoir coefficient will improve the ultimate profitability of the well by increasing the production rate at the beginning and accelerate the depletion of gas wells. If the gas/liquid ratio (GLR) is too low, liquid loading may be triggered. The parametric study shows that an adequate GLR is necessary for reliable plunger-liftperformance.

Ovarian Dysfunction in Fetally Irradiated Beagles

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 658-659
Author(s):  
T. M. Seed ◽  
M. H. Sanderson ◽  
D. L. Gutzeit ◽  
T. E. Fritz ◽  
D. V. Tolle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Ovarian Dysfunction ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Ovarian Pathology ◽  
Normal Offspring

The developing mammalian fetus is thought to be highly sensitive to ionizing radiation. However, dose, dose-rate relationships are not well established, especially the long term effects of protracted, low-dose exposure. A previous report (1) has indicated that bred beagle bitches exposed to daily doses of 5 to 35 R 60Co gamma rays throughout gestation can produce viable, seemingly normal offspring. Puppies irradiated in utero are distinguishable from controls only by their smaller size, dental abnormalities, and, in adulthood, by their inability to bear young.We report here our preliminary microscopic evaluation of ovarian pathology in young pups continuously irradiated throughout gestation at daily (22 h/day) dose rates of either 0.4, 1.0, 2.5, or 5.0 R/day of gamma rays from an attenuated 60Co source. Pups from non-irradiated bitches served as controls. Experimental animals were evaluated clinically and hematologically (control + 5.0 R/day pups) at regular intervals.

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