scholarly journals Methods of Preparing Cross-sections for Observing TOF-SIMS Mapping Images of Rosin-sized Handsheets

2004 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomofumi Kogawa ◽  
Atsushi Sawatari ◽  
Kiyoharu Fukuda ◽  
Hiromi Uchimura ◽  
Mitsuo Nishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Tof Sims

scholarly journals Adhesive Distribution between Paper Components of Cigarettes

2003 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 373-380
Author(s):  
B Kroell ◽  
S Starlinger ◽  
B Eitzinger
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
Adhesive Layer ◽  
The Other ◽  
Tof Sims ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Secondary Ion

AbstractThe objective of this contribution is to characterise the distribution of adhesive between the plug wrap paper and the tipping paper on a finished cigarette. On the one hand, it is well known that this distribution influences various properties of the cigarette, but on the other hand, there are no methods available to completely determine this distribution. The area covered by adhesive, the amount of adhesive, and the thickness and position of the adhesive layer between the plug wrap and the tipping paper were chosen as essential quantities. Image analysis was used to evaluate the area covered by adhesive, and the amount of adhesive between the papers. The thickness and position of the adhesive layer were determined by processing pictures of paper cross-sections obtained with a time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometer (TOF-SIMS).

The use of argon cluster bombardment for the surface preparation of paint cross-sections for analysis by ToF-SIMS

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 781-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Vermeulen ◽  
C. Poleunis ◽  
A. Delcorte ◽  
P. Bertrand ◽  
J. Sanyova
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Surface Preparation ◽  
Cluster Bombardment ◽  
Tof Sims

scholarly journals ToF-SIMS imaging reveals that p-hydroxybenzoate groups specifically decorate the lignin of fibres in the xylem of poplar and willow

Holzforschung ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn E. Goacher ◽  
Yaseen Mottiar ◽  
Shawn D. Mansfield
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Tension Wood ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Tof Sims ◽  
Vessel Elements ◽  
The Family ◽  
Secondary Ion

AbstractEsterified phenolics occur as γ-linked lignin acylations in many plant taxa but little is known about the distribution or function of such groups. In the family Salicaceae, p-hydroxybenzoate groups are present in the lignin of poplars (Populus spp.) and willows (Salix spp.). In this study, the distribution of cell wall-bound p-hydroxybenzoate was examined in different tissue and cell types of poplar and willow trees. This analysis showed that p-hydroxybenzoate groups were most prevalent in juvenile stems, and were elevated in tension wood and following nitrogen fertilisation. Closer examination of stem cross-sections using time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) directly showed that p-hydroxybenzoate groups occur predominantly in the cell walls of fibres and are largely absent from vessel elements. These results point to a role for ester-linked groups in modifying the syringyl-rich lignin of fibres, perhaps to strengthen the cell walls of these structural elements or to increase lignification rates.

Using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) for investigations on single hair samples to solve the contamination versus incorporation issue of hair analysis in the case of cocaine and methadone

The Analyst ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 145 (14) ◽  
pp. 4906-4919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Erne ◽  
Laetitia Bernhard ◽  
Maciej Kawecki ◽  
Markus R. Baumgartner ◽  
Thomas Kraemer
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Drug Testing ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Hair Analysis ◽  
Maldi Ms ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Single Hair ◽  
Tof Sims ◽  
Hair Samples

Drug testing in hair: Analysis of longitudinal- and cross-sections of single hair with MALDI-MS and ToF-SIMS provides new insights into contamination/decontamination processes.

scholarly journals Applicability of ToF-SIMS for monitoring compositional changes in bone in a long-term animal model

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (86) ◽  
pp. 20130332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Henss ◽  
Marcus Rohnke ◽  
Thaqif El Khassawna ◽  
Parameswari Govindarajan ◽  
Gudrun Schlewitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Collagen Matrix ◽  
Sample Surface ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Mineralized Tissue ◽  
Fragment Ions ◽  
Tof Sims ◽  
Material Sciences

Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) is a well-established technique in material sciences but has not yet been widely explored for implementation in life sciences. Here, we demonstrate the applicability and advantages of ToF-SIMS analysis for the study of minerals and biomolecules in osseous tissue. The locally resolved analysis of fragment ions deriving from the sample surface enables imaging and differentiation of bone tissue and facilitates histology on non-stained cross sections. In a rat model, bilateral ovariectomy combined with either a multi-deficiency diet or steroid treatment was carried out to create osteoporotic conditions. We focused our study on the Ca content of the mineralized tissue and monitored its decline. Calcium mass images of cross sections show the progressive degenerative changes in the bone. We observed a decreased Ca concentration in the edge region of the trabeculae and a decline in the Ca/P ratio. Additionally, we focused on the non-mineralized matrix and identified fragment ions that are characteristic for the collagen matrix. We observed trabeculae with wide ranges of non-mineralized collagen for the diet group owing to an impaired mineralization process. Here, the advantage of coeval monitoring of collagen and minerals indicated an osteomalacic model rather than an osteoporotic one.

Analysis of STEM micrographs of thick objects

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-107
Author(s):  
S. Golladay
Keyword(s):  
Inelastic Scattering ◽  
Multiple Scattering ◽  
Mass Distribution ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Image Point ◽  
Contrast Effects ◽  
Total Cross Sections ◽  
Elastic And Inelastic Scattering

The theory of multiple scattering has been worked out by Groves and comparisons have been made between predicted and observed signals for thick specimens observed in a STEM under conditions where phase contrast effects are unimportant. Independent measurements of the collection efficiencies of the two STEM detectors, calculations of the ratio σe/σi = R, where σe, σi are the total cross sections for elastic and inelastic scattering respectively, and a model of the unknown mass distribution are needed for these comparisons. In this paper an extension of this work will be described which allows the determination of the required efficiencies, R, and the unknown mass distribution from the data without additional measurements or models. Essential to the analysis is the fact that in a STEM two or more signal measurements can be made simultaneously at each image point.

Direct Observation of Heat Exchanger Deposits by Cross Sectioning

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 364-365
Author(s):  
R. W. Anderson ◽  
D. L. Senecal
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Flowing Water ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Deposit Layer

A problem was presented to observe the packing densities of deposits of sub-micron corrosion product particles. The deposits were 5-100 mils thick and had formed on the inside surfaces of 3/8 inch diameter Zircaloy-2 heat exchanger tubes. The particles were iron oxides deposited from flowing water and consequently were only weakly bonded. Particular care was required during handling to preserve the original formations of the deposits. The specimen preparation method described below allowed direct observation of cross sections of the deposit layers by transmission electron microscopy.The specimens were short sections of the tubes (about 3 inches long) that were carefully cut from the systems. The insides of the tube sections were first coated with a thin layer of a fluid epoxy resin by dipping. This coating served to impregnate the deposit layer as well as to protect the layer if subsequent handling were required.

An Analysis of Dissociation of Molecules in a High Resolution Electron Microscope

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 486-487
Author(s):  
Mihir Parikh
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Peak Intensity ◽  
Molecular Film ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Dissociation Cross Section ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscope ◽  
The Stability

It is well known that the resolution of bio-molecules in a high resolution electron microscope depends not just on the physical resolving power of the instrument, but also on the stability of these molecules under the electron beam. Experimentally, the damage to the bio-molecules is commo ly monitored by the decrease in the intensity of the diffraction pattern, or more quantitatively by the decrease in the peaks of an energy loss spectrum. In the latter case the exposure, EC, to decrease the peak intensity from IO to I’O can be related to the molecular dissociation cross-section, σD, by EC = ℓn(IO /I’O) /ℓD. Qu ntitative data on damage cross-sections are just being reported, However, the microscopist needs to know the explicit dependence of damage on: (1) the molecular properties, (2) the density and characteristics of the molecular film and that of the support film, if any, (3) the temperature of the molecular film and (4) certain characteristics of the electron microscope used

Surface ultrastructure of danazol treated rat endometrium: A SEM study

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 556-557
Author(s):  
R.P. Apkarian ◽  
J.S. Sanfilippo
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Breast Disease ◽  
Distal Segment ◽  
Uterine Horn ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Cycle Phase ◽  
Sprague Dawley

The synthetic androgen danazol, is an isoxazol derivative of ethisterone. It is utilized in the treatment of endometriosis, fibrocystic breast disease, and has a potential use as a contraceptive. A study was designed to evaluate the ultrastructural changes associated with danazol therapy in a rat model. The preliminary investigation of the distal segment of the rat uterine horn was undertaken as part of a larger study intended to elucidate the effects of danazol on the female reproductive tract.Cross-sections (2-3 mm in length) of the distal segment of the uterine horn from sixteen Sprague-Dawley rats were prepared for SEM. Ten rats in estrus served as controls and six danazol treated rats were noted to have alterations of the estrus cycle i.e. a lag in cycle phase or noncycling patterns. Specimens were fixed in 3% glutaraldehyde in 0.05M phosphate buffer containing CaCl2 at pH 7.0-7.4 and chilled to 4°C. After a brief wash in distilled water, specimens were passed through a graded series of ethanol, critical point dryed in CO2 from absolute ethanol, and coated with 6nm Au. Observations were made with an IS1-40 SEM operated at 15kV.

Electron Irradiation Effects in Polyoxymethylene Crystals Grown Inside Trioxane Crystals

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 78-79
Author(s):  
J. P. Colson ◽  
D. H. Reneker
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
The Other ◽  
Electron Micrograph ◽  
Irradiation Effects ◽  
Threefold Axis ◽  
Typical Sample ◽  
Polymer Crystals ◽  
Chain Axis

Polyoxymethylene (POM) crystals grow inside trioxane crystals which have been irradiated and heated to a temperature slightly below their melting point. Figure 1 shows a low magnification electron micrograph of a group of such POM crystals. Detailed examination at higher magnification showed that three distinct types of POM crystals grew in a typical sample. The three types of POM crystals were distinguished by the direction that the polymer chain axis in each crystal made with respect to the threefold axis of the trioxane crystal. These polyoxymethylene crystals were described previously.At low magnifications the three types of polymer crystals appeared as slender rods. One type had a hexagonal cross section and the other two types had rectangular cross sections, that is, they were ribbonlike.

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