scholarly journals A New Look at the Middle to Lower Cretaceous Stratigraphy, Offshore Kuwait

GeoArabia ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Aziz Al-Fares ◽  
Mark Bouman ◽  
Pete Jeans
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hydrocarbon Potential ◽  
Exhaustive Study ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Fossil Data ◽  
Integrated Team ◽  
Oil Company ◽  
New Formation

ABSTRACT Offshore exploration in Kuwait commenced in 1961 with the award of a 5,600 square kilometre offshore concession to Shell. Some 6,300 kilometres of 3-fold analogue seismic were acquired in 1961, and 3 wells were drilled during 1962 and 1963. In the same period, Kuwait Oil Company (KOC) also drilled their first 3 offshore exploration wells. In 1981, KOC embarked upon a second offshore exploration campaign, acquiring some 6,000 kilometres of seismic data and, during 1983 and 1984, drilling two wells. None of these wells was a commercial discovery. Between 1995 and 1997, an integrated team of KOC and Shell explorers undertook a review of the hydrocarbon potential of Offshore Kuwait. In order to establish an integrated sequence-stratigraphical framework for the prospective Lower to Middle Cretaceous interval, a quantitative biostratigraphical study was made. Some 790 biostratigraphical analyses (10% core samples; 90% cuttings) from eleven wells were carried out: the nanno-fossil data was particularly important in providing accurate chronostratigraphical calibration, and this data has been used to constrain a “Time-Rock Synopsis”. KOC’s lithostratigraphical nomenclature proved to be basically sound and has been maintained as the basis for the present stratigraphical framework. However, the study revealed the existence of two substantial and hitherto unsuspected hiati: one between the Ratawi and Zubair formations of Early Valanginian to Mid-Hauterivian age; and the other, representing the whole of the Early Albian, within the Burgan Formation. This latter result, if it can be further substantiated by more exhaustive study in the onshore area, would neccessitate a re-definition of the Burgan Formation and the erection of a new formation to describe the clastic sequence of Late Aptian age which lies between the Early Albian hiatus and the top of the Shu’aiba Formation, and which has hitherto been included within the Lower Burgan Formation.

EXPLORATION FOR OIL-BEARING SAND TRENDS IN THE FLY RIVER AREA, WESTERN PAPUA

1972 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.E.B. Conybeare ◽  
R.G.C. Jessop
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Porosity And Permeability ◽  
Water Saturated ◽  
Fly River ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Oil Company

The Magobu Island No. 1 well, drilled by Endeavour Oil Company N.L. late in 1970, was located to test a large, northwest-trending, Mesozoic anticline at the mouth of the Fly River, Western Papua. The anticlinal trend was postulated to be coincident with an intra-Mesozoic strand line where massive lenticular sand bodies may have developed.The well penetrated 3,086 ft. of Pliocene and Miocene carbonates and 5,360 ft. of Lower Cretaceous and Jurassic elastics before bottoming in Carboniferous volcanics.Two massive sandstone units of particular significance, one of Lower Cretaceous age at a depth range of 4,265-4,775 ft., and the other of Middle Jurassic age at a depth range of 7,065-7,345 ft. were intersected. These clean, quartzose sandstones have excellent porosity and permeability but are salt-water saturated at the Magobu location.The electric log character, grain gradation, continuous dipmeter information, and depositional environment (determined by interpreting the lithologic sequence and faunal content of the Mesozoic) indicate that these sandstone units consist of northwest-trending barrier bar complexes. The basal member of the upper unit, in particular, is interpreted as having formed a barrier island.The seismic data support this interpretation with respect to both sandstone units. In addition, a second and thicker bar complex of similar trend, situated some 10 mi. down-dip to the northeast under Kiwai Island, is indicated by the seismic data and can be correlated with the upper sandstone unit at Magobu.Structural interpretations of the relationship between the upper barrier bar complexes at Magobu and Kiwai suggest that oil migrating up-dip would be trapped by the structurally lower bar build-up. This conclusion gives a lead to follow-up drilling in the search for oil-bearing sand trends.

DERIVING SYNTHETIC BULK DENSITY USING FAST NEUTRON CROSS-SECTION IN A LOG-INTEGRATED APPROACH FROM SLIM PULSED NEUTRON LOGGING IN CASED-HOLE ENVIRONMENT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Saleh ◽  
◽  
Aly Morad ◽  
Chiara Cavalleri ◽  
Emad Abdel Hakim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Fast Neutron ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
Capture Cross Section ◽  
Neutron Cross Section ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nuclear Property ◽  
Pulsed Neutron ◽  
New Formation

Recent advancement in logging technology and data analytics allows measuring a comprehensive set of formation petrophysical properties and rock composition in cased boreholes. State-of-the-art pulsed neutron logging technology and processing algorithms record capture and inelastic elemental spectroscopy for matrix parameters, and detailed mineralogy characterization, total organic content estimation, and carbon/oxygen analysis, simultaneously with formation sigma, neutron porosity, and fast neutron cross-section. The fast neutron cross-section (FNXS) is a new formation nuclear property introduced by the advanced pulsed neutron tool that is independent of thermal and capture cross-section and highly sensitive to gas regardless of hydrogen index. Unlike thermal neutron capture cross-section, for which certain isotopes have extremely high values (such as Cl, B, and Gd), fast neutron cross-sections of all isotopes are more or less similar. Thus, FNXS is approximately proportional to atom density. Therefore, this new nuclear property has functionality similar to that of the bulk density (gamma-gamma density measurement). A local relationship can be defined to convert the FNXS into bulk density when the lithology and fluid properties are known, and calibration is possible. Otherwise, a more comprehensive assessment of bulk density can be performed by integrating FNXS with the other outputs from the slim pulsed neutron logging into a mineral solver. While solving for rock and fluid volumes from the cased-hole logs, a reconstructed bulk density may be derived in a cased-hole environment. This synthetic bulk density can be used by geophysicists to develop synthetic seismograms to properly map formation tops with surface seismic data. Since the pulsed neutron measurements follow linear volumetric law equations, they can be directly integrated into a mineral solver together with the elemental spectroscopy outputs to create a synthetic bulk density, together with the other answers. A blind comparison was done between synthetic bulk density from the cased-hole log-based mineral solver and a measured openhole density, showing a strong correlation in a three-phase fluid reservoir (gas, oil, and water). A synthetic seismogram is an essential tool when geophysicists fine-tune surface seismic data. This seismogram is developed using bulk density and compressional slowness to derive acoustic impedance, where sometimes bulk density is missing. As a result, an old approach to estimate bulk density using Gardner’s equation has certain limitations in complex environments. The new formation nuclear property that is now available in the slim pulsed neutron technology can be leveraged to provide a more robust and quality-controlled synthetic bulk density derived through FNXS integrated with the other pulsed neutron and spectroscopy outputs.

Immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in positively stained frozen sections

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-169
Author(s):  
K. T. Tokuyasu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
The Other ◽  
Positive Staining ◽  
Frozen Sections ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ultrathin Frozen Sections ◽  
Definition Of

During the past investigations of immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in ultrathin frozen sections, we found that the degree of negative staining required to delineate u1trastructural details was often too dense for the recognition of ferritin particles. The quality of positive staining of ultrathin frozen sections, on the other hand, has generally been far inferior to that attainable in conventional plastic embedded sections, particularly in the definition of membranes. As we discussed before, a main cause of this difficulty seemed to be the vulnerability of frozen sections to the damaging effects of air-water surface tension at the time of drying of the sections.Indeed, we found that the quality of positive staining is greatly improved when positively stained frozen sections are protected against the effects of surface tension by embedding them in thin layers of mechanically stable materials at the time of drying (unpublished).

Sectarian struggle in the Middle East and the new Alliances

2019 ◽  
pp. 337
Author(s):  
Harith Qahtan Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Era ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
The World ◽  
Gulf States ◽  
Other World ◽  
Islamic Civilization ◽  
New Formation

Our Islamic world passes a critical period representing on factional, racial and sectarian struggle especially in the Middle East, which affects the Islamic identification union. The world passes a new era of civilization formation, and what these a new formation which affects to the Islamic civilization especially in Syria, Iraq, Yemen, and Lebanon. The sectarian struggle led to heavy sectarian alliances from Arab Gulf states and Turkey from one side and Iran states and its alliances in the other side. The Sunni and Shia struggle are weaken the World Islamic civilization and it is competitive among other world civilization.

scholarly journals Language Family Engineering with Product Lines of Multi-level Models

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan de Lara ◽  
Esther Guerra
Keyword(s):  
Software Engineering ◽  
Arbitrary Number ◽  
Formal Theory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Language Family ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Product Lines ◽  
Modelling Languages ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractModelling is an essential activity in software engineering. It typically involves two meta-levels: one includes meta-models that describe modelling languages, and the other contains models built by instantiating those meta-models. Multi-level modelling generalizes this approach by allowing models to span an arbitrary number of meta-levels. A scenario that profits from multi-level modelling is the definition of language families that can be specialized (e.g., for different domains) by successive refinements at subsequent meta-levels, hence promoting language reuse. This enables an open set of variability options given by all possible specializations of the language family. However, multi-level modelling lacks the ability to express closed variability regarding the availability of language primitives or the possibility to opt between alternative primitive realizations. This limits the reuse opportunities of a language family. To improve this situation, we propose a novel combination of product lines with multi-level modelling to cover both open and closed variability. Our proposal is backed by a formal theory that guarantees correctness, enables top-down and bottom-up language variability design, and is implemented atop the MetaDepth multi-level modelling tool.

Identity, Community and Belonging in gcc States

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-428
Author(s):  
Miriam R. Lowi
Keyword(s):  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
The Other ◽  
National Project ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
National Community ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Definition Of

Studies of identity and belonging in Gulf monarchies tend to privilege tribal or religious affiliation, if not the protective role of the ruler as paterfamilias. I focus instead on the ubiquitous foreigner and explore ways in which s/he contributes to the definition of national community in contemporary gcc states. Building upon and moving beyond the scholarly literature on imported labor in the Gulf, I suggest that the different ‘categories’ of foreigners impact identity and the consolidation of a community of privilege, in keeping with the national project of ruling families. Furthermore, I argue that the ‘European,’ the non-gcc Arab, and the predominantly Asian (and increasingly African) laborer play similar, but also distinct roles in the delineation of national community: while they are differentially incorporated in ways that protect the ‘nation’ and appease the citizen-subject, varying degrees of marginality reflect Gulf society’s perceptions or aspirations of the difference between itself and ‘the other(s).’

scholarly journals Note on osmotic pressure

1914 ◽  
Vol 90 (615) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Vapour Pressure ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
Capillary Surface ◽  
Pure Solvent ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Complete Account ◽  
Strict Definition

The vapour pressure theory regards osmotic pressure as the pressure required to produce equilibrium between the pure solvent and the solution. Pressure applied to a solution increases its internal vapour pressure. If the compressed solution be on one aide of a semi-permeable partition and the pure solvent on the other, there is osmotic equilibrium when the com-pression of the solution brings its vapour pressure to equality with that of the solvent. So long ago as 1894 Ramsay* found that with a partition of palladium, permeable to hydrogen but not to nitrogen, the hydrogen pressures on each side tended to equality, notwithstanding the presence of nitrogen under pressure on one side, which it might have been supposed would have resisted tin- transpiration of the hydrogen. The bearing of this experiment on the problem of osmotic pressure was recognised by van’t Hoff, who observes that "it is very instructive as regards the means by which osmotic pressure is produced." But it was not till 1908 that the vapour pressure theory of osmotic pressure was developed on a finu foundation by Calendar. He demonstrated, by the method of the "vapour sieve" piston, the proposition that “any two solutions in equilibrium through any kind of membrane or capillary surface must have the same vapour pressures in respect of each of their constituents which is capable of diffusing through their surface of separation"—a generalisation of great importance for the theory of solutions. Findlay, in his admirable monograph, gives a very complete account of the contending theories of osmotic pressure, a review of which leaves no doubt that at the present moment the vapour pressure theory stands without a serious rival Some confusion of ideas still arises from the want of adherence to a strict definition of osmotic pressure to which numerical data from experimental measurements should he reduced. Tire following definitions appear to be tire outcome of tire vapour pressure theory :— Definition I.—The vapour pressure of a solution is the pressure of the vapour with which it is in equilibrium when under pressure of its own vapour only.

Two Commentaries on Euclid's Definition of Proportional Magnitudes

1994 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bijan Vahabzadeh
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Identical Manner ◽  
Definition Of

Euclid's definition of proportional magnitudes in the Fifth Book of the Elements gave rise to many commentaries. We examine closely two of these commentaries, one by al-Jayyānī (11th century) and the other by Saunderson (18th century). Both al-Jayyānī and Saunderson attempted to defend Euclid's definition by making explicit what Euclid had only implied. We show that the two authors explain Euclid's position in a virtually identical manner.

Correction to a definition of negation

1984 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederic B. Fitch
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Point ◽  
Personal Communication ◽  
The Other ◽  
Transfinite Induction ◽  
Original Form ◽  
Basic Logic ◽  
Double Negation ◽  
Original Letter ◽  
The Law ◽  
Definition Of

In [3] a definition of negation was presented for the system K′ of extended basic logic [1], but it has since been shown by Peter Päppinghaus (personal communication) that this definition fails to give rise to the law of double negation as I claimed it did. The purpose of this note is to revise this defective definition in such a way that it clearly does give rise to the law of double negation, as well as to the other negation rules of K′.Although Päppinghaus's original letter to me was dated September 19, 1972, the matter has remained unresolved all this time. Only recently have I seen that there is a simple way to correct the definition. I am of course very grateful to Päppinghaus for pointing out my error in claiming to be able to derive the rule of double negation from the original form of the definition.The corrected definition will, as before, use fixed-point operators to give the effect of the required kind of transfinite induction, but this time a double transfinite induction will be used, somewhat like the double transfinite induction used in [5] to define simultaneously the theorems and antitheorems of system CΓ.

Jainism in Danger? Temple entry and the rhetoric of religion and reform in post-colonial India

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-37
Author(s):  
MANISHA SETHI
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Colonial India ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Debates ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Open The Doors ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract A bitter debate broke out in the Digambar Jain community in the middle of the twentieth century following the passage of the Bombay Harijan Temple Entry Act in 1947, which continued until well after the promulgation of the Untouchability (Offences) Act 1955. These laws included Jains in the definition of ‘Hindu’, and thus threw open the doors of Jain temples to formerly Untouchable castes. In the eyes of its Jain opponents, this was a frontal and terrible assault on the integrity and sanctity of the Jain dharma. Those who called themselves reformists, on the other hand, insisted on the closeness between Jainism and Hinduism. Temple entry laws and the public debates over caste became occasions for the Jains not only to examine their distance—or closeness—to Hinduism, but also the relationship between their community and the state, which came to be imagined as predominantly Hindu. This article, by focusing on the Jains and this forgotten episode, hopes to illuminate the civilizational categories underlying state practices and the fraught relationship between nationalism and minorities.

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