scholarly journals Evaluation of Cortez Onestep Chlamydia RapicardTM Insta Test for the Detection of Chlamydia Trachomatis in Pregnant Women at Mbare Polyclinic in Harare, Zimbabwe

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Stephen, MSc ◽  
Chiwoneso Gwyneth Elizabeth Muchaneta-Kubara, PhD ◽  
Marshall Wesley Munjoma, PhD ◽  
Gibson Mandozana, PhD
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Neonatal Infection ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chlamydia Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Predictive Values

Background: Cervical chlamydia infection poses high risk of pregnancy complications and neonatal infection. Reference methods for the detection of chlamydia infection are not available for routine use in developing countries. Point-of-care (POC) tests can bridge this gap. This study evaluated Cortez Onestep Chlamydia RapicardTM insta test for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in pregnant women at Mbare Polyclinic and determined the prevalence of C. trachomatis.Methods: This was a cross sectional study in 242 pregnant women aged ≥18 years attending their first ANC visit at Mbare polyclinic in Harare, Zimbabwe. Data collection form was used to obtain demographic and predisposing factors to Chlamydia infection and two endocervical swabs were collected from each patient. One specimen was examined by the POC test at the clinic and the other by SDA method in the laboratory.Results: The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of the rapid kit were 71.4%, 99.6%, 90.9% and 98.3% respectively. Prevalence of C. trachomitis was 5.8% by SDA method.Conclusion and Global Health Implications: The kit’s sensitivity (71.4%) and specificity (99.6%) implies that the rapid test is an important test which needs further evaluations. The prevalence of C. trichomitis of 5.8% is comparable to studies done elsewhere in Africa.Key words: Chlamydia trachomatis • Antenatal Clinic • Point of Care Tests • Rapid Test • Cortez One Step Chlamydia TestCopyright © 2017 Stephen et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals Knowledge and understanding of obstetric danger signs among pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic at the National Referral Hospital in Thimphu, Bhutan: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saran Tenzin Tamang ◽  
Thinley Dorji ◽  
Sonam Yoezer ◽  
Thinley Phuntsho ◽  
Phurb Dorji
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstetric Danger Signs ◽  
Danger Signs ◽  
Obstetric Emergencies ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

Abstract Background The third Sustainable Development Goal for 2030 development agenda aims to reduce maternal and newborn deaths. Pregnant women’s understanding of danger signs is an important factor in seeking timely care during emergencies. We assessed knowledge of obstetric danger signs using both recall and understanding of appropriate action required during obstetric emergencies. Methods This was a cross-sectional study among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at Bhutan’s largest hospital in Thimphu. Recall was assessed against seven obstetric danger signs outlined in the Mother and Child Health Handbook (7 points). Understanding of danger signs was tested using 13 multiple choice questions (13 points). Knowledge was scored out of 20 points and reported as ‘good’ (≥80%), ‘satisfactory’ (60–79%) and ‘poor’ (< 60%). Correlation between participant characteristics and knowledge score as well as number of danger signs recalled was tested using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Association between knowledge score and participant characteristics was tested using t-tests (and Kruskal-Wallis test) for numeric variables. Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics associated with the level of knowledge ('good’ versus ‘satisfactory’ and ‘poor’ combined) were assessed with odds ratios using a log-binomial regression model. All results with p < 0.05 were considered significant. Results Four hundred and twenty-two women responded to the survey (response rate = 96.0%). Mean (±SD) knowledge score was 12 (±2.5). Twenty women (4.7%) had ‘good’ knowledge, 245 (58.1%) had ‘satisfactory’ knowledge and 157 (37.2%) had ‘poor’ knowledge. The median number of danger signs recalled was 2 (IQR 1, 3) while 68 women (20.3%) could not recall any danger signs. Most women were knowledgeable about pre-labour rupture of membranes (96.0%) while very few women were knowledgeable about spotting during pregnancy (19.9%). Both knowledge score and number of danger signs recalled had significant correlation with the period of gestation. Women with previous surgery on the reproductive tract had higher odds of having ‘good’ level of knowledge. Conclusions Most pregnant women had ‘satisfactory’ knowledge score with poor explicit recall of danger signs. However, women recognized obstetric emergencies and identified the appropriate action warranted.

scholarly journals Validation of the SavvyCheckTM Vaginal Yeast Test for Screening Pregnant Women for Vulvovaginal Candidosis: A Prospective, Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 233
Author(s):  
Philipp Foessleitner ◽  
Herbert Kiss ◽  
Julia Deinsberger ◽  
Julia Ott ◽  
Lorenz Zierhut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gram Stain ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Point Of Care Test ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Vulvovaginal Candidosis

Pregnant women have an increased risk of vulvovaginal candidosis. Recurrent candidosis is under debate as a contributor to preterm birth, and vertical transmission may cause diaper dermatitis and oral thrush in the newborn. Apart from cultural methods, the gold standard for diagnosing candidosis is Gram staining, which is time-consuming and requires laboratory facilities. The objective of this prospective study was to validate a point-of-care vaginal yeast detection assay (SavvyCheckÔ Vaginal Yeast Test) and to evaluate it in asymptomatic pregnant women. We enrolled 200 participants, 100 of whom had vulvovaginal candidosis according to Gram stain (study group) and 100 were healthy pregnant controls (control group). Of these, 22 participants (11%) had invalid test results. The point-of-care test of the remaining 85 and 93 study participants in the study and control groups, respectively, showed a sensitivity of 94.1%, specificity of 98.9%, positive predictive value of 90.3%, and negative predictive value of 99.4% when compared with Gram stain. In conclusion, we found a high correlation between the SavvyCheckÔ Vaginal Yeast Test and Gram-stained smears during pregnancy. This suggests a potential role of this point-of-care test as a screening tool for asymptomatic pregnant women in early gestation.

scholarly journals Awareness and perception of epidural labor analgesia among pregnant women visiting antenatal clinic in National Referral Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
Tandin Tshomo ◽  
Karma Tenzin ◽  
Jamphel Tshering
Keyword(s):  
Pain Relief ◽  
Epidural Analgesia ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Labour Pain ◽  
Good Method ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Labour Analgesia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Labour Epidural Analgesia

Aims: To assess the awareness and perception of labour epidural analgesia among pregnant women visiting the antenatal clinic. Methods: This was an observational cross-sectional study. Study participants included pregnant women visiting the antenatal clinic during 2nd and 3 rd trimester conducted from 21 st September 2018 till 20 th September 2019. Data were collected by using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Ethics approval was granted by the research Ethics Board of health, Bhutan. Results: Total 450 parturients participated in this study; 61.4% of the participants knew that labour epidural services were available and 37.5% got information through media. A total of 57.3% of respondents had severe fear about labour pain; 62.4% had severe fear about delivery complication; 85.2% thought that epidural labour analgesia was a good method of pain relief; and 67% were willing to accept it for their current pregnancy. However, 86.6% would recommend epidural labour analgesia as an option of pain relief to other pregnant women. Conclusion: Awareness about the availability of labour epidural analgesia services needs to be improved, as a majority of the parturient was keen to avail epidural analgesia after the information about its availability was provided.

scholarly journals Iron deficiency among pregnant women attending an antenatal clinic in Northern Uganda: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samson Udho ◽  
Joyce Nankumbi ◽  
Mariam Namutebi ◽  
Grace Ndeezi ◽  
Joshua Epuitai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Iron Supplements ◽  
The Third

Abstract Background Iron deficiency is a leading cause of anemia among pregnant women in Uganda. However, due to the high cost of biochemical tests required to determine iron deficiency, the prevalence and factors associated with iron deficiency remain largely unstudied in our setting. Therefore, this study aimed at determining the prevalence of iron deficiency and its associated factors among pregnant women attending an antenatal clinic, Lira District-Uganda.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 320 pregnant women attending an antenatal clinic at Lira Regional Referral Hospital. Maternal serum ferritin was used as a measure of iron deficiency and was determined using a Cobas 6000 Automated Analyzer. Iron deficiency was based on serum ferritin of <30 μg/L. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain the characteristics of the study participants. Binary and multivariate logistic regression were performed to identify the associated factors.Results The prevalence of iron deficiency was 45%. Non-adherence to iron supplements (AOR: 2.05 95% CI: 1.02-4.12) & third trimester pregnancy (AOR: 1.88 95% CI: 1.20-2.94) were significantly associated with iron deficiency during pregnancy.Conclusion Nearly 5 in 10 of the participants had iron deficiency. Iron deficiency during pregnancy was associated with non-adherence to iron supplements and being in the third trimester of pregnancy. Midwives should encourage pregnant women to adhere to iron supplements during pregnancy especially pregnant women who are in the third trimester.

scholarly journals Methodology utilized in the socio-economic determinants of adolescent pregnancy in Katutura, Windhoek: Namibia

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 206
Author(s):  
Taimi Nauiseb ◽  
Susie-Ubomba Jaswa
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Adolescent Pregnancy ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Economic Determinants ◽  
Pregnant Adolescent

This study focuses on the methodology utilized in the study of the socio-economic determinants of adolescent pregnancy in Katutura, Windhoek: Namibia. The following aspects were explained, processed and methods use to conduct the study, the framework of the study, the procedures in selecting the participants and setting of the interviews. The aim of this study was to collect detailed information to explore the socio-economic determinants of adolescent pregnancy in Katutura, Windhoek: Namibia.The clinical study was a descriptive, cross-sectional study of three months duration. Semi-structured interviews methods were utilized to collect the data. A random sampling method was use to select the participant e.g. every second pregnant adolescent was interviewed.The interviews were done on specific days, Mondays and Thursdays, which were the follow-up days for antenatal clinic. Study participants were selected from a population of pregnant women attending the Katutura antenatal clinic. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were adhered in the selection process. Study population was all pregnant women attending the Katutura antenatal clinic during the time of the study. The study sample of 150 pregnant adolescent were accepted into the study. Data analysis; mixed methods analysis was used to interpret the data.Based on some the findings of the study 89% of the pregnant adolescent falls between the ages 17-21 who visited the ante -natal clinic. The majority interviewed represents 65% of the highest-grade completed grade 8-10. The mean age of the first intercourse is 16.5 years.

Prevalence and risk factors of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas vaginalis and other sexually transmissible infections among women attending antenatal clinics in three provinces in Papua New Guinea: a cross-sectional survey

Sexual Health ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Vallely ◽  
Pamela Toliman ◽  
Claire Ryan ◽  
Glennis Rai ◽  
Johanna Wapling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infections

Background Papua New Guinea (PNG) is estimated to have among the highest prevalences of HIV and sexually transmissible infections (STIs) of any Asia-Pacific country, and one of the highest burdens of maternal syphilis globally. The prevalence of curable STIs, such as Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) and Trichomonas vaginalis (TV), among pregnant women in PNG is relatively unknown. Methods: A cross-sectional bio-behavioural survey to investigate the epidemiology of CT, NG, TV and other STIs among pregnant women in three provinces of PNG was undertaken. Women aged 18–35 years attending their first antenatal clinic visit were invited to participate. Participants completed a short interview and provided self-collected vaginal specimens for CT, NG and TV laboratory-based nucleic acid amplification tests and a venepuncture specimen for laboratory testing for syphilis and Herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2) serology. Routine antenatal assessment was conducted according to national guidelines, including HIV counselling and testing and point-of-care syphilis screening. Results: A total of 765 women were enrolled. Overall, 43% (95% confidence interval (CI): 39.2–46.4) had one or more of CT, NG or TV infection. CT was the most prevalent STI (22.9%, 175/765; 95% CI: 19.9–25.9), followed by TV (22.4%, 171/765; 95% CI: 19.4–25.4), and NG (14.2%, 109/765; 95% CI: 11.7–16.7). The prevalence of active syphilis was 2.2% (17/765; 95% CI: 1.2–3.3), HSV-2 was 28.0% (214/765; 95% CI: 24.8–31.2) and HIV, 0.8% (6/765; 95% CI: 0.2–1.4). Prevalences were highest among primigravid women, women aged <25 years, and among those in Central Province. Conclusion: High prevalences of curable genital STIs were observed among women attending routine antenatal clinic services in PNG. These infections have been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes and could be important contributors to poor maternal and neonatal health in this setting.

scholarly journals Sociodemographic and Obstetric Characteristics of Anaemic Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic in Bolgatanga Regional Hospital

Scientifica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Ahenkorah ◽  
Kwabena Nsiah ◽  
Peter Baffoe
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Regional Hospital ◽  
Antenatal Visit ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Domestic Livestock ◽  
Obstetric Factors ◽  
Anaemia In Pregnancy

The study determined the sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics of pregnant women which contribute to the risk of developing anaemia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 pregnant women attending their first antenatal visit at the Bolgatanga Regional Hospital Antenatal Clinic. Anaemia was significantly associated (p<0.05) with younger maternal age, parity, gravidity, trimester of pregnancy, and source of drinking water. Multivariate logistic regression identified the following factors with adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI): unemployment (aOR = 4.76 (CI: 2.26–11.33);p<0.0001), rural dwelling (aOR = 3.10 (CI: 2.16–4.91);p=0.0071), primigravida (aOR = 2.13 (CI: 1.34–3.18);p=0.0201), nulliparity (aOR = 1.92 (CI: 1.23–2.86);p=0.0231), first antenatal visit at second trimester (aOR = 1.71 (CI: 1.33–3.12);p=0.0149) and first antenatal visit at third trimester (aOR = 2.73 (CI: 1.24–4.35);p=0.0017), drinking from well and boreholes (aOR = 2.78 (CI: 2.27–5.21);p<0.0001), and the presence of domestic livestock (aOR = 2.15 (CI: 1.33–3.68);p=0.0019). This study has shown the various sociodemographic and obstetric factors which significantly contribute to anaemia in pregnancy.

scholarly journals PERCEPTION AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS CAESAREAN SECTION - THE VIEWS ARE CHANGING: FINDINGS AMONG ANTENATAL ATTENDEES IN A NIGER DELTA TERTIARY FACILITY

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-244
Author(s):  
Abah MG ◽  
Umoh AV
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Outright Rejection ◽  
The Mean

Background: Aversion towards Caesarean section and its outright rejection by parturient have been widely reported in Nigeria. Objective: This study was conducted with the objective of assessing the perception and attitude towards Caesarean section by pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in a Niger Delta tertiary facility. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study involving 500 women interviewed using selfadministered semi-structured, pre-tested questionnaires with open and close ended questions. Their socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, perception and attitude towards Caesarean section were inquired Results: The mean age of the women was 29.1years

scholarly journals Self-medication among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at Tertiary Care Center of Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Ajit Kumar Sah ◽  
Anish Giri ◽  
Anjan Palikhey ◽  
Roshan Kumar Chaurasiya ◽  
Sudeep Kumar Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Tertiary Care Center ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tract Infections

Background and Objectives: Self-medication can cause significant challenges for the individuals and community, especially in women during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of self-medication among the pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in a tertiary care center of Nepal. Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 225 pregnant women were evaluated for the prevalence of self-medication during pregnancy. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used for statistical analysis of data. Results: The results showed that the prevalence of self-medication, in pregnant women was 41.3%. The leading illness/ symptoms which led to self-medication among pregnant women attending clinic were to relieve headaches 29 (31.2%), cough 21 (22.6%), vomiting 13 (14%), treat fever 11 (11.8%), urinary tract infections 11 (11.8%) and drugs commonly reported for self-medication were paracetamol (30.10%), cough remedies (19.30%), antiemetics (16.13%), analgesics (10.75%). Conclusion: Prevalence of self-medication among pregnant women is high in Nepal. This is a threat to the safety of the developing foetus and the pregnant woman. Therefore, it seems necessary to provide public trainings for all women of reproductive age and train them about the dangers and side effects of self-medication.

Prevalence and risk factors for Trichomonas vaginalis infection in pregnant women in South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nonkululeko Mabaso ◽  
Camille Naicker ◽  
Makandwe Nyirenda ◽  
Nathlee Abbai
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vaginal Swab ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional

There are insufficient data on the prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis infection in pregnant women in South Africa. The present study aims to determine the prevalence of T. vaginalis (TV) in pregnant women and identify the risk factors associated with this infection in pregnancy. This was a cross-sectional study which included 362 pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic at the King Edward VIII Hospital in Durban, South Africa. A self-collected vaginal swab was provided by the enrolled women for laboratory diagnosis by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The protozoan load was determined as the logarithm of gene copies per milliliter. The prevalence of TV infection was 12.9% and 59.6% of the women who tested positive were asymptomatic ( p =  0.011). Women who presented with abnormal vaginal discharge had a 4.6 times likelihood of testing positive for TV infection (odds ratio 4.62; 95% confidence interval 1.83 to 11.70; p =  0.001). TV infection was high amongst pregnant women. Therefore, routine testing for this sexually transmitted infection is encouraged for proper management.

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