scholarly journals workloopR: Analysis of work loops and other data from muscle physiology experiments in R

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (43) ◽  
pp. 1856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikram Baliga ◽  
Shreeram Senthivasan
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Physiology ◽  
Work Loops

Application and Evaluation of Case-Based Learning as a Part of Early Clinical Exposure for Undergraduate Medical Education Program

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (08) ◽  
pp. 284-288
Author(s):  
Vandana Daulatabad ◽  
Prafull K. ◽  
Dr. Surekha S. Kadadi-Patil ◽  
Ramesh S. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Muscle Physiology ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Clinical Exposure ◽  
Clinical Scenarios ◽  
Case Based Learning ◽  
Nerve Muscle ◽  
Case Based ◽  
Early Clinical Exposure

Introduction: Medical Education is witnessing a significant transition and global shift towards competency based medical education (CBME) which includes early clinical exposure (ECE) program to help students apply and correlate principles of preclinical subjects with clinical scenarios, in various forms and in a variety of settings. One of the easy and feasible methods of ECE being Case Based Learning (CBL), our study aimed to design a case scenario and to evaluate impact of case base learning as a part of ECE module in first year undergraduate medical teaching program in nerve muscle physiology. Methods: The present study was conducted in 96 students at Ashwini Rural Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Solapur after obtaining institutional ethics committee approval. 3 hrs session of CBL was conducted for a case scenario on myasthenia gravis in the nerve muscle physiology module. The students’ responses on pre-test, post-test and their insights regarding the CBL were taken through a pre validated questionnaire using 5-point Likert scale. Results: High impact of CBL was seen as significant improvement in student’s performance. Maximum students felt CBL to be easy method of learning and was highly appreciated through their feedback. Conclusion: CBL was found to have positive impact on understanding and perception of topic. CBL helped students to understand, evaluate, analyze, diagnose and interpret the case, paving them towards newer approach of self-directed and vertical integrated learning. CBL is easier, feasible an effective method among other early clinical exposure methods as it involves students in deeper and self-directed active learning, encouraging and promoting them to reach higher levels of cognitive domain of Bloom’s taxonomy. This method will be very useful in its practical implementation during online classes for ECE module in the threat of COVID 19 situation as well.

Store-Operated Ca2+ Entry in Muscle Physiology

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-95
Author(s):  
Marco Brotto ◽  
Noah Weisleder ◽  
Jianjie Ma
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Physiology

scholarly journals Magnesium Deficiency Alters Expression of Genes Critical for Muscle Magnesium Homeostasis and Physiology in Mice

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2169
Author(s):  
Dominique Bayle ◽  
Cécile Coudy-Gandilhon ◽  
Marine Gueugneau ◽  
Sara Castiglioni ◽  
Monica Zocchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrocnemius Muscle ◽  
Magnesium Deficiency ◽  
Mitochondrial Dynamics ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Muscle Physiology ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Muscle Weight ◽  
Magnesium Homeostasis ◽  
Expression Of Genes

Chronic Mg2+ deficiency is the underlying cause of a broad range of health dysfunctions. As 25% of body Mg2+ is located in the skeletal muscle, Mg2+ transport and homeostasis systems (MgTHs) in the muscle are critical for whole-body Mg2+ homeostasis. In the present study, we assessed whether Mg2+ deficiency alters muscle fiber characteristics and major pathways regulating muscle physiology. C57BL/6J mice received either a control, mildly, or severely Mg2+-deficient diet (0.1%; 0.01%; and 0.003% Mg2+ wt/wt, respectively) for 14 days. Mg2+ deficiency slightly decreased body weight gain and muscle Mg2+ concentrations but was not associated with detectable variations in gastrocnemius muscle weight, fiber morphometry, and capillarization. Nonetheless, muscles exhibited decreased expression of several MgTHs (MagT1, CNNM2, CNNM4, and TRPM6). Moreover, TaqMan low-density array (TLDA) analyses further revealed that, before the emergence of major muscle dysfunctions, even a mild Mg2+ deficiency was sufficient to alter the expression of genes critical for muscle physiology, including energy metabolism, muscle regeneration, proteostasis, mitochondrial dynamics, and excitation–contraction coupling.

scholarly journals Functional Assembly of Kv7.1/Kv7.5 Channels With Emerging Properties on Vascular Muscle Physiology

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 1522-1530 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Oliveras ◽  
M. Roura-Ferrer ◽  
L. Sole ◽  
A. de la Cruz ◽  
A. Prieto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Physiology ◽  
Vascular Muscle

Abstract 426: Laminin Downregulation Facilitates Cardiomyocyte Coupling in situ to Increase Contractile Function

2016 ◽  
Vol 119 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayla Sessions ◽  
Gaurav Kaushik ◽  
Adam Engler
Keyword(s):  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Contractile Function ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Muscle Physiology ◽  
Heart Tube ◽  
Age Related ◽  
New Evidence

Aging is associated with extensive remodeling of the heart, including basement membrane extracellular matrix (ECM) components that surround cardiomyocytes. Remodeling is thought to contribute to impaired cardiac mechanotransduction, but the contribution of specific basement membrane ECM components to age-related cardiac remodeling is unclear, owing to current model systems being complex and slow to age. To investigate the effect of basement membrane remodeling on mechanical function in genetically tractable, rapidly aging, and simple model organisms, we employed Drosophila melanogaster, which has a simple trilayered heart tube composed of only basement membrane ECM. We observed differential regulation of collagens between laboratory Drosophila strains , i.e. yellow-white ( yw ) and white-1118 ( w 1118 ), leading to changes in muscle physiology, which were linked to severity of dysfunction with age. Therefore, we sought to understand the extent to which basement membrane ECM modulates lateral cardiomyocyte coupling and contractile function during aging. Cardiac-restricted knockdown of ECM genes Pericardin , Laminin A , and Viking in Drosophila prevented age-associated heart tube restriction and increased contractility, even under viscous load. Most notably, reduction of Laminin A expression decreased levels of other genes that co-assemble in ECM, leading to overall preservation of contractile velocity and extension of median organismal lifespan by 3 weeks or 39%. These data provide new evidence of a direct link between basement membrane ECM homeostasis, contractility, and maintenance of lifespan.

The Sliding Filament Theory Since Andrew Huxley: Multiscale and Multidisciplinary Muscle Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph D. Powers ◽  
Sage A. Malingen ◽  
Michael Regnier ◽  
Thomas L. Daniel
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Contraction ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Muscle Physiology ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Multiscale Dynamics ◽  
Structural And Functional Properties ◽  
Muscle Research ◽  
Sliding Filament Theory

Two groundbreaking papers published in 1954 laid out the theory of the mechanism of muscle contraction based on force-generating interactions between myofilaments in the sarcomere that cause filaments to slide past one another during muscle contraction. The succeeding decades of research in muscle physiology have revealed a unifying interest: to understand the multiscale processes—from atom to organ—that govern muscle function. Such an understanding would have profound consequences for a vast array of applications, from developing new biomimetic technologies to treating heart disease. However, connecting structural and functional properties that are relevant at one spatiotemporal scale to those that are relevant at other scales remains a great challenge. Through a lens of multiscale dynamics, we review in this article current and historical research in muscle physiology sparked by the sliding filament theory. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Biophysics, Volume 50 is May 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

Functional implications of supercontracting muscle in the chameleon tongue retractors

2001 ◽  
Vol 204 (21) ◽  
pp. 3621-3627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Herrel ◽  
Jay J. Meyers ◽  
Peter Aerts ◽  
Kiisa C. Nishikawa
Keyword(s):  
Prey Capture ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Force Production ◽  
Retractor Muscle ◽  
Muscle Physiology ◽  
Large Prey ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ambush Predators ◽  
Full Body

SUMMARYChameleons capture prey items using a ballistic tongue projection mechanism that is unique among lizards. During prey capture, the tongue can be projected up to two full body lengths and may extend up to 600 % of its resting length. Being ambush predators, chameleons eat infrequently and take relatively large prey. The extreme tongue elongation (sixfold) and the need to be able to retract fairly heavy prey at any given distance from the mouth are likely to place constraints on the tongue retractor muscles. The data examined here show that in vivo retractor force production is almost constant for a wide range of projection distances. An examination of muscle physiology and of the ultrastructure of the tongue retractor muscle shows that this is the result (i) of active hyoid retraction, (ii) of large muscle filament overlap at maximal tongue extension and (iii) of the supercontractile properties of the tongue retractor muscles. We suggest that the chameleon tongue retractor muscles may have evolved supercontractile properties to enable a substantial force to be produced over a wide range of tongue projection distances. This enables chameleons successfully to retract even large prey from a variety of distances in their complex three-dimensional habitat.

Animal movement, mechanical tuning and coupled systems

1999 ◽  
Vol 202 (23) ◽  
pp. 3415-3421 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.L. Daniel ◽  
M.S. Tu
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Neural Control ◽  
Animal Movement ◽  
Coupled Systems ◽  
Force Generation ◽  
Muscle Physiology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Animal Physiology ◽  
Mechanical Tuning

Over the past two decades, there has been a growing interest in developing predictive models of animal movement and force generation in fluids. In a departure from past studies that have asked how prescribed motions of a propulsor (wing or fin) generate lift and thrust during swimming and flying, we are increasingly interested in predicting the propulsor's movement as well as the forces generated by it. This interest, motivated by a need to understand the control and dynamics of locomotion and its applications to robotics and animal physiology, requires that we develop integrative models and analyses of swimming and flying that incorporate neural control and muscle physiology into more traditional biomechanical studies of locomotion in fluids. This approach extends from whole-animal studies to the molecular basis of force generation. In this paper, we explore mechanical tuning from the level of the whole animal to the proteins driving force generation in muscle.

scholarly journals Role of STIM1/ORAI1-mediated store-operated Ca2+ entry in skeletal muscle physiology and disease

Cell Calcium ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 101-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Michelucci ◽  
Maricela García-Castañeda ◽  
Simona Boncompagni ◽  
Robert T. Dirksen
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Physiology
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