SIZE COMPOSITION OF SUSPENSIONS AND BOTTOM SEDIMENTS

1972 ◽  
pp. 85-106
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Size Composition

ANALYSIS OF THE MODERN GRAIN-SIZE COMPOSITION VARIABILITY OF THE ANAPA BAY-BAR BEACH SEDIMENTS

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
В. Крыленко ◽  
V. Krylenko ◽  
Р. Косьян ◽  
R. Kos'yan ◽  
М. Крыленко ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Size Structure ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Potential Danger ◽  
Grain Size Composition ◽  
Beach Sediments ◽  
Sediment Particles ◽  
Sand Material

The results of realized in 2010 field researches of the spatial and time grain-size structure variability of beach and bottom sediments of the bay-bar Anapskaya southern part are presented in this paper. Irretrievable carrying out of sediment particles to depths more than 7 m intensifies with their size decrease to 0,1 mm. As over 70 % bottom and about 60 % beach sediments are presented by fractions less 0,16 mm on bay-bar Anapskaya southern part, namely at this part there is sand material massive carrying out to depth. Potential danger of the investigated site geosystem degradation is revealed.

scholarly journals Influence of inter-annual variability of river runoff on the bottom sediments of the Razdolnaya River estuary, Primorye, Russia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
В.М. ШУЛЬКИН
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
River Runoff ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Outer Part ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Amur Bay ◽  
The North

Изучены вариации гранулометрического и химического состава верхнего двухсантиметрового слоя донных отложений эстуария р. Раздольная, отобранных трижды в течение 2015–2019 гг., когда водный и твердый стоки реки выросли в 2–3 и 5–6 раз соответственно по сравнению с 2014 г. Показано, что значительный вынос осадочного материала сопровождается увеличением на 10–20 % доли пелитовых (<0,01мм) фракций в отложениях внешней части эстуария в северной части Амурского залива. Вариации гранулометрического состава являются главным контролирующим фактором и определяют 67 % общей изменчивости химического состава осадков эстуария. Еще 20 % изменчивости обусловлены примесью загрязненных отложений залива, содержащих повышенную концентрацию Сорг., Hg, Zn, Pb, Cd, Ag, Cu, Mo, V, а также восстановительным диагенезом, приводящим к обеднению осадков марганцем и кобальтом на разрезе река–море. Установить влияние коагуляционных процессов в зоне смешения на валовый состав донных отложений эстуария р. Раздольная не удалось. Grain size and chemical composition have been studied of the upper 2 cm layer of bottom sediments of the Razdolnaya River estuary sampled thrice in 2015–2019. It was a period when the river runoff increased by 2–3 and 5–6 times for the water and suspended solids, respectively, compared to 2014. It has been shown that significant subtraction of sedimentary material is accompanied by 10–20 % increase of pellite fractions (grain size <0.01 mm) in the deposits of the outer part of anestuary in the North part of the Amur Bay. Grain size composition is the main controlling factor determining 67 % of the total variability of the chemical composition of estuarine bottom sediments. Another 20 % of variability are due to the admix of polluted sediments of the Amur Bay, containing an increased concentration of Corg., Hg, Zn, Pb, Cd, Ag, Cu, Mo, V, as well as diagenesis, leading to depletion of sediments by the Mn and Co on a river-sea section. It is not possible to establish the influence of coagulation processes in the mixing zone on total concentration of trace elements in the bottom sediments of Razdolnaya River estuary.

scholarly journals Morphological properties of underwater soils of river deltas

2019 ◽  
pp. 62-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Tkachenko ◽  
M. N. Kozachuk ◽  
O. V. Tkachenko
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Soil Classification ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Difference

The results of the study of the morphological properties of underwater soils in the deltas of the Volga, Don and Kuban rivers are shown. This paper is based on field descriptions of profiles of underwater soils found in deltas. Genetic horizons have been identified, their basic properties (pH, Eh, electrical conductivity, grain size composition, organic carbon content) have been studied and the main types of soils, which are formed under different types of sedimentation and under different types of aquatic vegetation, have been described. Names of horizons and types of soils are given due to the classification of underwater soils (aquazems) of the Volga delta, that had been proposed previously. The diversity of underwater soils of three deltas has been studied, and the properties of the same soil types formed in different deltas have been compared. The features of underwater soils formation are described; the difference between the factors of underwater and terrestrial soil formation is discussed. It is shown that the number of occurring soil types depends on the diversity of the emerging types of aquatic landscapes and the contrast of the conditions of migration and accumulation of matter. Necessary conditions for the forming of underwater soils and the possibility of relating bottom sediments to soil formations are discussed. Our results are indicative of the need of studying bottom sediments with soil-like profile from the standpoint of soil science and the inclusion of aquazems into the modern Russian soil classification.

THE REGULARITY OF HEAVY METALS DISTRIBUTION AND BEHAVIOR IN THE BOTTOM SEDIMENTS ON THE PROFILE “NORTHERN DVINA RIVER – WHITE SEA”

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Zimovets ◽  
Alina Zimovets ◽  
Yury Fedorov ◽  
Yury Fedorov ◽  
Asya Ovsepyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
White Sea ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Marginal Filter ◽  
The White Sea ◽  
High Mercury ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Impact

A study was conducted to investigate the level of heavy metals in bottom sediments of the Northern Dvina mouth area and the White Sea in various seasons since 2004. Of greatest interest for the study was presented as such heavy metals as Hg, Pb, Cd, Cu, Ni, Zn, Cr, which belong to the priority group of toxic elements. The heavy metals concentrations were determined with atomic absorption spectrometer. Also the grain-size composition, concentrations of organic carbon and values of hydrogen ion exponent (pH) and redox potential (Eh) in bottom sediments were determined. It was found that the levels of heavy metals in sediments significantly changed in the lateral radial direction. There is a tendency to increased concentrations of some heavy metals downstream of the river. The high concentrations of heavy metals were found within the influence of cities and towns. So the extremely high mercury concentrations were found in the sediments of small and shallow channels crossing the Arkhangelsk city. The study of heavy metal concentrations in the bottom sediments along the profile “the Northern Dvina - Dvina Bay - White sea” showed that the marginal filter contributes to the coprecipitation with suspended metals of anthropogenic genesis. These processes greatly reduce the contamination risk of the White Sea. Thus, the impact of the river on the ecosystem of the White Sea outside the marginal filter is significantly less.

Influence of the Grain Size Composition of Bottom Sediments in Lake Baikal on the Distribution of Methane and Sulfide Sulfur

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-65
Author(s):  
Yu. A. Fedorov ◽  
D. N. Gar’kusha ◽  
N. S. Tambieva ◽  
Yu. A. Andreev ◽  
O. A. Mikhailenko
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Lake Baikal ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Sulfide Sulfur ◽  
Grain Size Composition

Grain-Size Composition of Bottom Sediments of the Simmy River in the Bolon Nature Reserve

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 179-186
Author(s):  
G. V. Kharitonova ◽  
A. V. Ostrouhov ◽  
Z. Tjugaj ◽  
V. O. Krutikova
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Grain Size Composition

scholarly journals Methane and sulfide sulfur in the bottom sediments of lake Baikal

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-439
Author(s):  
D. N. Gar’kusha ◽  
Yu. A. Fedorov ◽  
Yu. A. Andreev ◽  
N. S. Tambieva ◽  
O. A. Mikhailenko
Keyword(s):  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Lake Baikal ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Wastewater Discharge ◽  
Sulfide Sulfur ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mill ◽  
Sedimentation Conditions

The paper analyzes data on the distribution of methane and sulfide sulfur concentrations in the upper layer of the bottom sediments in different areas of Lake Baikal obtained during expeditions in 2014 and 2015. During the study, concentrations of methane and sulfide sulfur in lake sediments varied from <0.01 to 3.69 μg/g dry sediment (mean 0.34 μg/g) and from 0.002 to 0.830 mg/g dry sediment (mean 0.042 mg/g), respectively. The maximum concentrations of methane were typical of the Northern region, where the waters of the Upper Angara, Kichera rivers flow, and separate stations of profile along the estuary zone of the Selenga River, as well as stations located in the zone of underwater wastewater discharge of Baikalsk and the Baikal pulp and paper mill closed in 2013. A comparison of the distribution of methane and sulfide sulfur concentrations indicates an intense sulfate reduction at the stations with the highest methane concentrations, which suggests the conjugate processes of their generation. Variations of methane and sulfide sulfur concentrations in the studied upper layers of Lake Baikal sediments are caused by the differences in the anthropogenic impact and also by the variability of sedimentation conditions that determine the grain size composition and the content of organic matter, and, as a consequence, the intensity of methanogenesis and sulfate reduction.

scholarly journals Anthropogenic and natural factors controlling the composition of bottom sediments of the Vaskovskoe Lake, Eastern Sihote-Alin, Primorye

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-73
Author(s):  
В.М. Шулькин
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Natural Factors ◽  
Fold Reduction ◽  
Rate Of Sedimentation ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

Изучено вертикальное распределение Pb, Cd, Zn, Hg, Cu, Ni, Fe, Mn, Cорг, а также скорость осадконакопления, определенная по снижению 210Pb, в верхнем 50-сантиметровом слое донных отложений оз. Васьковского, расположенного на восточном макросклоне хр. Сихотэ-Алинь и находящегося под влиянием аэральных выбросов горно-рудных предприятий долины р. Рудная. Установлена скорость осадконакопления в центральной части озера 2.7±0.26 мм/год, что позволяет оценить изменение химического состава донных отложений за последние 160–180 лет. Верхний 8-сантиметровый слой, накопленный после 1983 г., обогащен Pb, Cd в 4.8–8.1 раза, а Zn, Cu, Mn и Hg – в 1.8–2.5 раза по сравнению с нижележащими отложениями, накопленными до 1960 г. В сочетании с данными по динамике добычи и переработки полиметаллических руд в долине р. Рудная это указывает на аэральное поступление техногенного газопылевого материала как на главный источник загрязнения верхнего слоя озерных донных отложений. Обнаружено, что даже при значительном, 2-кратном снижении объемов производства и выбросов в 90-х годах ХХ в., уровень загрязнения осадочного материала, накапливающегося в донных отложениях, остается высоким, и требуется дальнейший мониторинг для характеристики способности геосистем нижней части долины р. Рудная к самоочищению. Показано, что нормирование концентрации тяжелых металлов относительно Fe, учитывающее вариации гранулометрического состава и содержания гидроксидов Fe, позволяет отследить не только интенсификацию горнорудного производства в 70–80-х годах ХХ в., но и начало хозяйственной деятельности в конце ХIХ в. Установлено, что в отличие от тяжелых металлов, концентрация органического вещества (Сорг) в верхнем слое отложений отражает изменение природно-климатических условий на водосборе, соотношение автохтонных и аллохтонных источников Сорг и изменения трофического статуса водоема. The vertical distribution of Pb, Cd, Zn, Hg, Cu, Ni, Fe, Mn, Corg and the rate of sedimentation by 210Pb in the upper 50 cm layer of bottom sediments of the Vaskovskoe Lake has been studied. Vaskovskoe Lake is located on the eastern slope of Sihote-Alin range. It existed under the influence of the mining industry at the Rudnaya River Valley. The rate of sedimentation in the central part of the lake is set at 2.7±0.26 mm/year, which allows estimating the change in the chemical composition of bottom sediments over the last 160-180 years. The top 8 cm layer, accumulated after 1983, is enriched by Pb, Cd in 4.8-8.1 times, In the combination with data on the production and processing of polymetallic ores, it indicates the atmospheric deposition of technogenic dust material as the main source of pollution of the lake sediments. It has been found that even with a significant two-fold reduction in production and emissions in the 1990s, pollution levels of sediments remain high, and further monitoring is required to characterize the geosystem’s ability to self-purification. It is shown that the heavy metal concentration normalized by Fe, taking into account variations in the gran size composition and content of Fe hydroxides, allows us to track not only the intense mining production in the 70s and 80s of the twentieth century, but also the early beginning of economic activity at the Rudnaya R. valley at the end of the nineteenth century. It has been revealed that unlike heavy metals the concentration of organic matter (Corg) in the bottom sediments reflects the change in natural and climatic conditions at the catchment, the ratio of autochtonuos and allochtonuos sources of Corg and changes in the trophic status of the lake.

scholarly journals Features of the Hydrocarbon Distribution in the Bottom Sediments of the Norwegian and Barents Seas

Fluids ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 456
Author(s):  
Inna A. Nemirovskaya ◽  
Anastasia V. Khramtsova
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Barents Sea ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Geochemical Background ◽  
Svalbard Archipelago ◽  
Novaya Zemlya ◽  
The Barents Sea ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Point Discharge ◽  
Hydrocarbon Distribution

The results of the study of hydrocarbons (HCs): aliphatic (AHCs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in bottom sediments (2019 and 2020, cruises 75 and 80 of the R/V Akademik Mstislav Keldysh) in the Norwegian-Barents Sea basin: Mohns Ridge, shelf Svalbard archipelago, Sturfiord, Medvezhinsky trench, central part of the Barents Sea, Novaya Zemlya shelf, Franz Victoria trough are presented. It has been established that the organo-geochemical background of the Holocene sediments was formed due to the flow of sedimentary material in the coastal regions of the Barents Sea on shipping routes. The anthropogenic input of HCs into bottom sediments leads to an increase in their content in the composition of Corg (in the sandy sediments of the Kaninsky Bank at an AHC concentration up to 64 μg/g, when its proportion in the composition of Corg reaches 11.7%). The endogenous influence on the of the Svalbard archipelago shelf in Sturfiord and in the Medvezhinsky Trench determines the specificity of local anomalies in the content and composition of HCs. This is reflected in the absence of a correlation between HCs and the grain size composition of sediments and Corg content, as well as a change in hydrocarbon molecular markers. At the same time, the sedimentary section is enriched in light alkanes and naphthalene’s that may be due to emission during point discharge of gas fluid from sedimentary rocks of the lower stratigraphic horizons and/or sipping migration.

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