Towards Consensus on Clinical Assessment of Embouchure in Brass Players: A Delphi Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-13
Author(s):  
Kees H Woldendorp ◽  
Elise Ploos van Amstel ◽  
Hans Boschma ◽  
Anne M Boonstra ◽  
Hans J Arendzen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Delphi Study ◽  
Delphi Technique ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Delphi Round ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Brass Players ◽  
International Experts

AIMS: The objective of this study was to determine the content validity of an assessment instrument for embouchure (the “CODE of Embouchure”) which covers the main aspects of the construct of embouchure in brass players. METHODS: The study design followed the Delphi technique. A select panel of 35 international experts gave their opinion via a three-round digital Delphi survey as to whether the instrument as a whole, and its items, adequately measure the construct of embouchure. Criteria for consensus and whether items should go through to the next Delphi round were pre-determined. Data were independently analyzed by two researchers. The CREDES guidelines were used for conducting and reporting of the study. RESULTS: Consensus was reached over 64% and 73% of the closed questions in the first and third rounds, respectively. A second round was necessary to resolve intra- and inter-expert contradicting information. Finally, 5 items were added to the instrument, 3 items were removed, and 23 items were adjusted. Consensus was reached in 63 items (98%). The final multi-item assessment instrument consists of 4 domains and 64 items. CONCLUSIONS: Content validity of most aspects of the “CODE of embouchure” instrument was established.

Fundamentals of Embouchure in Brass Players: Towards a Definition and Clinical Assessment

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 232-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kees H Woldendorp ◽  
Hans Boschma ◽  
Anne M Boonstra ◽  
Hans J Arendzen ◽  
Michiel F Reneman
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Wind Instrument ◽  
Brass Players ◽  
Literature Reviews ◽  
Wind Players ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Present Understanding

Brass players may experience problems producing an optimal sound (or range of sounds) in their instrument. Assessing and treating dysfunctional embouchure requires knowledge of functional embouchure, but peer-reviewed literature on dysfunctional and functional embouchure is scarce. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to provide a narrative overview of embouchure based on information from different scientific and clinical fields. This should be regarded as a first step in constructing a reliable, valid, and practical multi-item method to assess embouchure for brass players. METHODS: Literature reviews were conducted concerning: 1) the definition of embouchure, 2) physics and acoustics of embouchure, 3) functioning of embouchure-related structures, and 4) instruments to assess embouchure. Also, embouchure experts (clinicians, scientists, and elite wind players) were consulted for information and discussion. RESULTS: A proposal for a new definition of embouchure, an overview of the relevant physics and acoustics, functions of embouchure-related body structures, and the main methods to measure embouchure in brass playing are presented. CONCLUSION: Peer-reviewed information about the fundamentals of dysfunctional embouchure is scarce and sometimes contradictory. A new definition for embouchure is proposed: embouchure is the process needed to adjust the amount, pressure, and direction of the air flow (generated by the breath support) as it travels through the mouth cavity and between the lips, by the position and/or movements of the tongue, teeth, jaws, cheeks, and lips, to produce a tone in a wind instrument. An integrative overview is presented which can serve as a transparent foundation for the present understanding of functional and dysfunctional embouchure and for developing an evidence-based multi-item assessment instrument.

A Delphi Study to Establish an Expert Consensus Opinion on Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes, and Potential Complications of Diabetes, Including Brain Health Associations

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S649-S649 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Dolan ◽  
R. Glynn ◽  
B.A. Lawlor
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Delphi Study ◽  
Brain Health ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Complications Of Diabetes ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Health Complications ◽  
International Experts

IntroductionType 2 diabetes (T2DM) has a multifactorial aetiology, and wide-ranging potential health complications, including brain health associations.ObjectivesA number of diabetes risk factors and complications have a strong evidence base. This study will address ambiguity in the literature regarding others.AimsResults will inform development of a questionnaire for use among the public and individuals with diabetes, assessing knowledge of diabetes and brain health associations and the role of modifiable risk factors. Aiming to ultimately inform effective preventative strategies for both dementia and depression.MethodsA systematic literature review preceded this two-round modified Delphi study. Respondents rated their agreement with risk factors for T2DM, and potential complications of diabetes on an e-questionnaire.ResultsOf 46 international experts invited to participate in round-one; 14 responded (30.4%). Thirteen respondents (92.9%) completed round-two questionnaire. Consensus was pre-defined as 70% or more agreement between respondents on questionnaire items. On completion, 11/18 risk factor items for T2DM met consensus criteria however ‘depression’ did not. Of diabetes complication items, 13/16 met consensus criteria (see Table 1).ConclusionsStudy results indicate that international experts consider a number of brain health complications to be associated with diabetes. Results will be incorporated in a diabetes and brain health knowledge questionnaire for use among vulnerable populations.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Rubrik Nursing Clinical Exercise: Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Kompetensi Klinis Pada Pendidikan Klinik Keperawatan

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 194
Author(s):  
Retno Sumiyarrini ◽  
Gandes Retno Rahayu ◽  
Yoyo Suhoyo
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Education ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Assessment Instruments ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Subjective Data ◽  
Nursing Clinical

Background: Clinical Skills is a fundamental ability that must be mastered by the newly graduated nurses. Therefore, assessment of clinical competence is essential to be considered by educators and education managers. It needs a valid assessment instrument, which is reliable and impactful on learning the process by giving a structured feedback so that qualified graduates can be produced. Some assessment instruments in the clinical nursing education have less evidence of validity and reliability and less feasible, so it requires a development of clinical assessment instruments. This study aims to develop a clinical assessment instrument in the nursing clinic and to test the content validity. Method: This study used a qualitative research design that includes drafting through literature review and expert review by the expert panel.Results: The process of drafting and reviewing produces a rubric named Nursing Clinical Exercise (NCEx) made of six domains consisting the assessment of subjective data, physical examination, diagnosis formulation, treatment planning formulation, communication and interpersonal relationships, and professionalism. The value of content validity is good (CVR of the entire domain = 1)Conclusion: The NCEx Rubric consists of six domains and has good content validity.

scholarly journals Items for consideration in a reporting guideline for mediation analyses: a Delphi study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aidan Gregory Cashin ◽  
James McAuley ◽  
Sarah E Lamb ◽  
Sally Hopewell ◽  
Steven Kamper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Delphi Study ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Consensus Meeting ◽  
Delphi Panel ◽  
Healthcare Outcomes ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
International Experts

ObjectiveMediation analysis is a widely used quantitative method for investigating how interventions and exposures in randomised controlled trials and observational studies have an effect on healthcare outcomes. This study aimed to assess the importance of items that should be considered in a consensus meeting aimed at developing a guideline for reporting mediation analyses. Study Design and SettingA Delphi panel of international experts were asked to rate the importance of a list of items for inclusion in a guideline for reporting mediation analyses. Thresholds for disagreement and consensus on importance for inclusion were specified a priori. We used the Research ANd Development/University of California Los Angeles appropriateness method to quantitatively assess the importance for inclusion and panel agreement. ResultsNineteen expert panellists (10 female) from seven countries agreed to participate. All panellists contributed to all three rounds conducted between 10/06/2019 and 06/11/2019. The panel reached consensus on 34 unique reporting items for study design, analytic procedures and effect estimates, with 3 items rated ‘optional’. Panellists added one extra item and provided 60 qualitative comments for item refinement and prioritisation. ConclusionThis Delphi study used a rigorous consensus process to reach consensus on 34 reporting items for studies that use mediation analysis. These results will inform a consensus meeting that will consolidate a core set of recommended items for reporting mediation analyses.

scholarly journals Validation of performance assessment instrument on futsal game in extracurricular activities

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Mahir Dwi Nugroho ◽  
Tomoliyus Tomoliyus
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Extracurricular Activities ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Delphi Technique ◽  
Research Evaluation ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Performance

The research is aimed at evaluating the content validity and performance of an assessment instrument, based on futsal games in extracurricular activities. This is very important because of its ability to review objectively and also the application as a material for coach evaluation. In addition, the method used was research evaluation, with documents as the subject, and Delphi technique was applied in data collection by 5 experts. Furthermore analysis involved the use of formula Content Validity Ratio (CVR), which was developed by Lawshe, and the results showed the values obtained to be above 0.05, with indicators of Decision Making being 1.00, Skill = 1.00, Support = 0. 60 and Re-position = 1.00. In conclusion, the performance assessment instrument based on futsal game in extracurricular activities was observed to have high value validity contents.

scholarly journals Primary Health Care Planning workshops: construction and validation of an assessment instrument

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tainá Nicola ◽  
Alísia Helena Weis
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Delphi Technique ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Care Planning ◽  
Methodological Study ◽  
Health Care Planning ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Final Instrument

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the stages of construction and content validation of an instrument to assess Primary Health Care Planning workshops. Methods: this methodological study focused on validating the instrument’s content. The instrument developed was assessed by a committee of experts using the Delphi Technique, in two rounds. For the degree of agreement, percentage agreement and Content Validity Index (CVI) were used. Results: in the first round, six experts participated, and the degree of agreement was 87% for clarity and 94% for representativeness. In the second round, five experts participated, the CVI was 0.95 for clarity, 0.97 for representativeness and 0.96 total CVI. The final instrument had 42 items divided into three chunks. Conclusion: the instrument has content validity to assess Primary Health Care Planning workshops, being a tool for the use of state and municipal administrations.

scholarly journals Content Validation Instrument Rating Factors Contributing to Low Back Pain in Sports

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-87
Author(s):  
Dinan Mitsalina ◽  
Tomoliyus Tomoliyus ◽  
Muhammad Imam Rahmatullah ◽  
Fitri Agung Nanda ◽  
Masnur Ali
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Delphi Technique ◽  
Sport Injury ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Research Subject ◽  
Content Validation ◽  
Validation Test

The purpose of this study was to test instruments for assessing the causes of back pain in sports. This research method uses evaluation methods. The research subject is a document. The content validity test used in this study is the expert judgment with the Delphi technique. Validation test uses Content Validity Ratio (CVR) which uses three experts.. The results of the study showed that the items and instrument indicators for assessing the causes of sport injuries on the back showed a high CVR value. The conclusion of the assessment instrument that causes back pain sport injury have high fill validity.This research aims to arrange the assessment instrument to the risk factors of back pain in sports.  

scholarly journals Development and Content Validity of the Physical Activity Questionnaire-Young Children (PAQ-YC) to Assess Physical Activity in Children between 5 and 7 Years

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 655
Author(s):  
Marta Amor-Barbosa ◽  
Montserrat Girabent-Farrés ◽  
Ferran Rosés-Noguer ◽  
Anna Ortega-Martínez ◽  
Almudena Medina-Rincón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Delphi Study ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Consensus Criterion ◽  
Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽  
Healthy Habits ◽  
Activity Questionnaire

Childhood is a critical period in the development and consolidation of healthy habits, such as the practice of physical activity (PA). It is essential to have valid instruments to measure PA from an early age. The aim of this study was to design and evaluate the content validity of the Physical Activity Questionnaire-Young Children (PAQ-YC) to measure the PA level in children aged 5–7 years. The first version of the questionnaire was tested by a 2-round Delphi study. It was established as a consensus criterion that the relative interquartile range (RIR) and/or the coefficient of variation (CV) were ≤20%. The most significant discrepancies in the Delphi survey (n = 11–13) were observed for items about hours of Physical Education or similar activities at school (item 7: RIR = 20, CV = 38.73) and for items about participation in Physical Education (item 8: RIR = 25, CV = 15.45). The cognitive interviews (n = 5) confirmed the version agreed by the experts. The results show that the PAQ-YC presents adequate content validity in terms of relevance, comprehensiveness and comprehensibility.

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