Upper-extremity Problems in Musicians Related to Age

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-134
Author(s):  
Joan Warrington ◽  
Ian Winspur ◽  
Daniel Steinwede
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Music Students ◽  
Nerve Compression Syndromes ◽  
Hand Therapy ◽  
Hand Pain ◽  
Degenerative Arthrosis ◽  
Over 40 Years ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Therapy Department

This is a review of 140 musicians referred to a specialist hand therapy department in London, England. Musicians are referred from different sources and represent a fair cross-section. The musicians were analyzed in three different age groups: under 25 years of age, 25–40 years of age, and over 40 years of age; and by three different pathological groups: “trauma,” “degenerative,” and “non-specific arm and hand pain.” The results highlight three points: 1) Musicians of all ages are injured in coincidental accidents (“trauma”). 2) As musicians age, they are more likely to develop “degenerative” upper limb conditions such as Dupuytren’s contracture, nerve compression syndromes, or degenerative arthrosis in critical joints. 3) Non-specific arm and hand pain is overwhelmingly prevalent in young musicians and music students but is much less prevalent in the older age groups. This last point is the most worrisome statistic and perhaps the most preventable.

scholarly journals Radon-222 from different sources of water and the assessment of health hazard

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet A. Ademola ◽  
Oluwaferanmi R. Ojeniran
Keyword(s):  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Health Effect ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Adult Child ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Radon In Water ◽  
Radon Concentrations

Water samples collected from different sources were analysed for radon concentrations in order to evaluate the health effect associated with radon in water. The radon concentrations were in the range of 3.56–98.57, 0.88–25.49, 0.73–1.35 and 0.24–1.03 Bq.L−1 for borehole, well, packaged and utility water, respectively. Samples from boreholes had the highest radon concentrations with about 67% being higher than the threshold value of 11.1 Bq.L−1 recommended by the USEPA. The mean annual effective dose (AED) due to ingestion for adult, child and infant ranged from 8.71 × 10−3 to 0.831 mSv.y−1 for the different sources. The mean AED calculated for consuming water from boreholes and wells for the three age groups were higher than the recommended reference dose level of 0.1 mSv.y−1. The mean AED due to inhalation of radon in drinking water was negligible, ranging from 0.13 to 6.20 μSv.y−1. The health burden associated with radon in water in the study is through ingestion of water directly from boreholes.

scholarly journals The diagnostic value of a change in bowel habit for colorectal cancer within different age groups

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-219
Author(s):  
Sofia M McCulloch ◽  
Imran Aziz ◽  
Annikka V Polster ◽  
Andreas-Bernd Pischel ◽  
Henrik Stålsmeden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Fast Track ◽  
Diagnostic Yield ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Bowel Habit ◽  
Cancer Prevalence ◽  
Alarm Symptom ◽  
Alarm Features ◽  
Over 40 Years

Background Change in bowel habit as a sole alarm symptom for colorectal cancer is disputed. Objective We investigated the diagnostic value of change in bowel habit for colorectal cancer, particularly as a single symptom and within different age groups. Methods This retrospective cohort study examined colorectal cancer fast track referrals and outcomes across four Swedish hospitals (April 2016–May 2017). Entry criteria constituted one or more of three alarm features: anaemia, visible rectal bleeding, or change in bowel habit for more than 4 weeks in patients over 40 years of age. Patients were grouped as having only change in bowel habit, change in bowel habit plus anaemia/bleeding or anaemia/bleeding only. Results Of 628 patients, 22% were diagnosed with colorectal cancer. There were no cases of colorectal cancer in the only change in bowel habit group under 55 years, while this was 6% for 55–64 years, 8% for 65–74 years and 14% for 75 years and older. Among subjects under 55 years, 2% with anaemia/bleeding had colorectal cancer, this increased to 34% for 55 years and older ( P < 0.0001). Change in bowel habit plus anaemia/bleeding gave a colorectal cancer prevalence of 16% in under 55 years and increased to 30% for 55 years and older ( P = 0.07). Conclusion Change in bowel habit as the only alarm feature has a low diagnostic yield for colorectal cancer in patients under 55 years.

scholarly journals Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis: presentation and comments on the new American College of Rheumatology guidelines

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 114-120
Author(s):  
Natalia V. Toroptsova
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
First Line ◽  
American College Of Rheumatology ◽  
Over 40 Years ◽  
Very High

The article presents a review of the clinical guidelines of 2017 American College of Rheumatology for prevention and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. The guidelines i contain fracture risk gradation not only for people over 40 years , based on the measurement of bone mineral density, 10-year probability of fractures by FRAX and prior osteoporotic fractures, but also for people under 40 years. The guidelines present , recommendations for initial and follow-up treatment for prevention of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis according the level of risk of fractures in different age groups of adults, and in children from 4 years of age, in patients with organ transplant and patients older than 30 years, receiving very high-dose of glucocorticoids . Oral bisphosphonates were recommended as first line treatment due to safety, cost, and because of lack of evidence for superior antifracture benefits from other OP medications. Oral bisohosphonates could be switched to another medication in case of intolerance. The issues of applicability of these recommendations in national clinical practice are being discussed.

Attitudes of String Teachers and Performers Toward Preparation for and Teaching of Private Lessons

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Fredrickson ◽  
John M. Geringer ◽  
David A. Pope
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Educational Opportunities ◽  
Music Students ◽  
Pedagogical Issues ◽  
Private Lessons ◽  
String Instrument ◽  
Private Lesson ◽  
String Teachers ◽  
Music Faculty

The present study was designed to examine attitudes toward private lesson teaching of a cross-section of string instrument instructors ( N = 1,617). The participant pool was drawn from the membership of the American String Teachers Association (ASTA). Results were similar in many ways to responses in previous studies also involving music faculty and music students. These groups indicated that they liked teaching, liked the challenges of teaching musicians, and believed preparation for teaching is important. Depending on the age of their students, they also enjoyed talking about pedagogical issues with students. Engaging the membership of organizations such as ASTA will be necessary if the profession is to find additional ways to provide educational opportunities for musicians interested in teaching.

Pictures and Their Colors: What Do Children Remember?

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 759-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yael M. Cycowicz ◽  
David Friedman ◽  
Martin Duff
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Brain Electrical Activity ◽  
Source Information ◽  
Brain Potentials ◽  
Brain Responses ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Content Information ◽  
Source Retrieval

Theories regarding children's reliability as witnesses suggest that children are more likely to confuse memories from different sources especially when the sources are highly similar. To investigate the developmental aspects of source retrieval, we measured brain electrical activity from children and adults while they retrieved content and source information. Similar brain responses among the age groups were found when participants were asked to retrieve content information. However, retrieval of source information improved with age and was accompanied by different patterns of brain potentials. The results implicate immaturity of frontal lobe structures in children's difficulty in retrieving source information.

scholarly journals Relative Crash Involvement Ratio Associated with Different Sources of Young Drivers’ Distraction

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Hana Naghawi ◽  
Shatha Aldalain
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Crash Risk ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Young Drivers ◽  
Different Sources

This paper aims to identify crash risk factors associated with young drivers’ distractions. Many factors were implicated including using mobile phones while driving or driving with passengers. Data needed for this study were collected from an online questionnaire survey. Beside young drivers’ distraction data, records on drivers’ demographics including age, gender and educational level were collected. Safety-related data on seat belt use were also collected. Each of the variables, contributing to young drivers’ distraction, safety, and educational level, was sorted into four categories according to young driver age (≤18, 19-22, 23-26, and 27-30 years old). The Relative Crash Involvement Ratio (RCIR) was estimated using the Quasi Induced Exposure Method (QIEM) using Microsoft Excel 2007. The results were then exported to the Statistical Package for Social Science Version 19 software. Paired t-test and ANOVA analysis were used to find the statistical significance in the RCIR values. Among the general findings, five outcomes were most prominent. The higher the educational level, the less likely young drivers would get involved in a crash. Young drivers ≤18 years old were almost 4.5 times more likely to get involved in a crash when 3 passengers travelled with them compared to 27-30 year-old drivers. Young drivers of all age groups were more likely to get involved in a crash when using mobile phones. Crash risk was reduced by up to 83 % when young drivers stopped using their mobile phone while driving. Crash risk was reduced by up to 93.43 % when young drivers used seat belt while driving. Finally, countermeasures to improve young drivers’ safety were proposed.

scholarly journals Validation of the Revised Ego-Resiliency Scale in a High-Vulnerable Colombian Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Giovanni Maria Vecchio ◽  
Barbara Barcaccia ◽  
Paolo Raciti ◽  
Paloma Vivaldi Vera ◽  
Michela Milioni
Keyword(s):  
Life Experiences ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Configural Invariance ◽  
Victims Of Violence ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Town Halls ◽  
Over 40 Years ◽  
Ego Resiliency

The ER89 (Block & Kremen, 1996) is a self-report scale measuring ego-resiliency in community contexts. The present study examined the psychometric properties of a brief version of the ER 89 (ER89-R: Alessandri, Vecchio, Steca, Caprara, & Caprara, 2007) in a Colombian high-vulnerable population. Participants were 947 young and adults (427 males, 520 females), ranging in age from 16 to 66 years (M = 32.4, SD = 11.6), living in fourteen town halls and beneficiaries of four programs for individuals in situations of extreme poverty or victims of violence. CFA supported the presence of the ER second-order factor and two first-order factors, named Optimal regulation (OR) and Openness to life experiences (OL). In addition, results showed full configural invariance of the scales across three age groups (16-25 years, 26-40 years and over 40 years) and partial strict invariance by gender. The construct validity of the ER89-R was further examined by zero-order correlations and multiple regression analyses: significant and positive association of ER, OR and OL with some relevant indicators of adjustment (self-esteem, optimism, and coping strategies) were found. Important implications for intervention programs aimed at people in disadvantaged contexts are discussed.

Children’s understanding of others’ emotional states

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 539-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandrine Gil ◽  
Marc Aguert ◽  
Ludovic Le Bigot ◽  
Agnès Lacroix ◽  
Virginie Laval
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Computer Game ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Emotional Prosody ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Situational Context ◽  
Natural Combination ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Complementary Study

The ability to infer the emotional states of others is central to our everyday interactions. These inferences can be drawn from several different sources of information occurring simultaneously in the communication situation. Based on previous studies revealing that children pay more heed to situational context than to emotional prosody when inferring the emotional states of others, we decided to focus on this issue, broadening the investigation to find out whether the natural combination of emotional prosody and faces (that is, paralinguistic cues) can overcome the dominance of situational context (that is, extralinguistic cues), and if so, at what age? In Experiment 1, children aged 3–9 years played a computer game in which they had to judge the emotional state of a character, based on two sources of information (that is, extralinguistic and paralinguistic) that were either congruent or conflicting. In Condition 1, situational context was compared with emotional prosody; in Condition 2, situational context was compared with emotional prosody combined with emotional faces. In a complementary study (Experiment 2) the same 3-year-olds performed recognition tasks with the three cues presented in isolation. Results highlighted the fundamental role of both cues, as a) situational context dominated prosody in all age groups, but b) the combination of emotional facial expression and prosody overcame this dominance, especially among the youngest and oldest children. We discuss our findings in the light of previous research and theories of both language and emotional development.

scholarly journals Coherence of Influenza Surveillance Data across Different Sources and Age Groups, Beijing, China, 2008-2015

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. e0169199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenyu Wu ◽  
Xiaoyu Sun ◽  
Yanhui Chu ◽  
Jingyi Sun ◽  
Guoyou Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Surveillance Data ◽  
Influenza Surveillance ◽  
Beijing China ◽  
Different Sources

scholarly journals Cross section determination for TAD materials in quasi mono-energetic neutron spectrum from p(Li) reaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 239 ◽  
pp. 20004
Author(s):  
Dusan Kral ◽  
Miroslav Zeman ◽  
Karel Katovsky ◽  
Elmira Melyan ◽  
Robert Holomb
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Neutron Field ◽  
Background Suppression ◽  
Integral Number ◽  
The Right ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Exfor Database ◽  
Energetic Neutron

Threshold activation detectors (TAD) are of great importance for a determination of neutron energy spectra and flux density. For different sources, it is necessary to choose the right combination of materials that cover the estimated spectra. Several different materials were irradiated in a quasi-monoenergetic neutron field with 29.1 MeV peak neutrons energy in the CANAM facility. Neutrons were produced in p + Li-7 reaction in a thin target and the foils were situated in the proton beam axis and close geometry to the Li target. The integral number of protons was established from accelerator telemetry and lithium target activation measurements after the experiment. During the experiment, one long irradiation was done for following foils: Al, Au, Bi, Co, Cu, Fe, In, Mn, Pb, Ta, V, Y and four short irradiations for foils: Cu, Fe, In, Ta, V, W, Y. The foils were irradiated in a sandwich configuration, sorted by cross-section where the materials with higher cross-section were placed in the back of the sandwich. Neutrons produced in the p + Li-7 reaction have a quasi mono-energetic spectrum which provides a suitable basis for cross-section determination. Experimental results were calculated for (n,xn), (n,p) and (n,α) reactions via the dosimetry foils activation method including a gamma-ray spectroscopy method. Several important spectroscopic corrections have to be applied to increase the accuracy of the obtained results, including neutron background suppression. Experimental data will be submitted to the EXFOR database.

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