scholarly journals Engineering With Nature : the role of mangroves in coastal protection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tori Tomiczek ◽  
Anna Wargula ◽  
Nia Hurst ◽  
Duncan Bryant ◽  
Leigh Provost
Keyword(s):  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Hazard Mitigation ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Coastal Protection

The purpose of this Engineering With Nature technical note (EWN TN) is to review previous studies of mangroves as a nature-based adaptation alternative for coastal protection and flood hazard mitigation.

scholarly journals Cutting the costs of coastal protection by integrating vegetation in flood defences

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent T. M. van Zelst ◽  
Jasper T. Dijkstra ◽  
Bregje K. van Wesenbeeck ◽  
Dirk Eilander ◽  
Edward P. Morris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Coastal Flooding ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Coastal Vegetation ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Protection Strategies ◽  
Earth Observation Data

AbstractExposure to coastal flooding is increasing due to growing population and economic activity. These developments go hand-in-hand with a loss and deterioration of ecosystems. Ironically, these ecosystems can play a buffering role in reducing flood hazard. The ability of ecosystems to contribute to reducing coastal flooding has been emphasized in multiple studies. However, the role of ecosystems in hybrid coastal protection (i.e. a combination of ecosystems and levees) has been poorly quantified at a global scale. Here, we evaluate the use of coastal vegetation, mangroves, and marshes fronting levees to reduce global coastal protection costs, by accounting for wave-vegetation interaction.The research is carried out by combining earth observation data and hydrodynamic modelling. We show that incooperating vegetation in hybrid coastal protection results in more sustainable and financially attractive coastal protection strategies. If vegetated foreshore levee systems were established along populated coastlines susceptible to flooding, the required levee crest height could be considerably reduced. This would result in a reduction of 320 (range: 107-961) billion USD2005 Power Purchasing Parity (PPP) in investments, of which 67.5 (range: 22.5- 202) billion USD2005 PPP in urban areas for a 1 in 100-year flood protection level.

scholarly journals The role of the reef–dune system in coastal protection in Puerto Morelos (Mexico)

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1247-1260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemma L. Franklin ◽  
Alec Torres-Freyermuth ◽  
Gabriela Medellin ◽  
María Eugenia Allende-Arandia ◽  
Christian M. Appendini
Keyword(s):  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Coastal Flooding ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Dune System ◽  
Fore Reef ◽  
Extreme Water Levels ◽  
Reef Environments ◽  
Storm Impact

Abstract. Reefs and sand dunes are critical morphological features providing natural coastal protection. Reefs dissipate around 90 % of the incident wave energy through wave breaking, whereas sand dunes provide the final natural barrier against coastal flooding. The storm impact on coastal areas with these features depends on the relative elevation of the extreme water levels with respect to the sand dune morphology. However, despite the importance of barrier reefs and dunes in coastal protection, poor management practices have degraded these ecosystems, increasing their vulnerability to coastal flooding. The present study aims to theoretically investigate the role of the reef–dune system in coastal protection under current climatic conditions at Puerto Morelos, located in the Mexican Caribbean Sea, using a widely validated nonlinear non-hydrostatic numerical model (SWASH). Wave hindcast information, tidal level, and a measured beach profile of the reef–dune system in Puerto Morelos are employed to estimate extreme runup and the storm impact scale for current and theoretical scenarios. The numerical results show the importance of including the storm surge when predicting extreme water levels and also show that ecosystem degradation has important implications for coastal protection against storms with return periods of less than 10 years. The latter highlights the importance of conservation of the system as a mitigation measure to decrease coastal vulnerability and infrastructure losses in coastal areas in the short to medium term. Furthermore, the results are used to evaluate the applicability of runup parameterisations for beaches to reef environments. Numerical analysis of runup dynamics suggests that runup parameterisations for reef environments can be improved by including the fore reef slope. Therefore, future research to develop runup parameterisations incorporating reef geometry features (e.g. reef crest elevation, reef lagoon width, fore reef slope) is warranted.

Active Flood Hazard Mitigation. II: Omnidirectional Wave Control

1999 ◽  
Vol 125 (10) ◽  
pp. 1071-1083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett F. Sanders ◽  
Nikolaos D. Katopodes
Keyword(s):  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Hazard Mitigation ◽  
Wave Control

The Role of Flexible Neuroendoscopy in Spinal Neurocysticercosis: Technical Note and Report of 3 Cases

2019 ◽  
Vol 130 ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
Jaime Gerardo Torres-Corzo ◽  
Mario Alberto Islas-Aguilar ◽  
Dominic Shelby Cervantes ◽  
Juan Carlos Chalita-Williams
Keyword(s):  
Technical Note

Technical Note: Pineview Reservoir Nutrient Loading, Unloading, and the Role of Groundwater in the Estimates

2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 2219-2225
Author(s):  
T. N. Reuben ◽  
B. K. Worwood ◽  
L. D. Carrigan ◽  
D. L. Sorensen
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Loading ◽  
Technical Note

scholarly journals Effect of Variations in Water Level and Wave Steepness on the Robustness of Wave Overtopping Estimation

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Nils B. Kerpen ◽  
Karl-Friedrich Daemrich ◽  
Oliver Lojek ◽  
Torsten Schlurmann
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Wave Spectrum ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Physical Modelling ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Wave Steepness ◽  
Wave Overtopping

The wave overtopping discharge at coastal defense structures is directly linked to the freeboard height. By means of physical modelling, experiments on wave overtopping volumes at sloped coastal structures are customarily determined for constant water levels and static wave steepness conditions (e.g., specific wave spectrum). These experiments are the basis for the formulation of empirically derived and widely acknowledged wave overtopping estimations for practical design purposes. By analysis and laboratory reproduction of typical features from exemplarily regarded real storm surge time series in German coastal waters, the role of non-stationary water level and wave steepness were analyzed and adjusted in experiments. The robustness of wave overtopping estimation formulae (i.e., the capabilities and limitations of such a static projection of dynamic boundary conditions) are outlined. Therefore, the classic static approach is contrasted with data stemming from tests in which both water level and wave steepness were dynamically altered in representative arrangements. The analysis reveals that mean overtopping discharges for simple sloping structures in an almost deep water environment could be robustly estimated for dynamic water level changes by means of the present design formulae. In contrast, the role of dynamic changes of the wave steepness led to a substantial discrepancy of overtopping volumes by a factor of two. This finding opens new discussion on methodology and criteria design of coastal protection infrastructure under dynamic exposure to storm surges and in lieu of alterations stemming from projected sea level rise.

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