Quality of Online Pediatric Orthopaedic Education Materials

2014 ◽  
Vol 96 (23) ◽  
pp. e194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel P. Feghhi ◽  
Daniel Komlos ◽  
Nitin Agarwal ◽  
Sanjeev Sabharwal
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Orthopaedic ◽  
Orthopaedic Education

scholarly journals 1107 Supplementing Orthopaedic Education outside of the Medical Curriculum: The Utility of a 1-Day Orthopaedic Revision Course for Medical Undergraduates

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_6) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Argyriou ◽  
S Michael ◽  
K Nadeem ◽  
G Batra
Keyword(s):  
Medical Curriculum ◽  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Undergraduate Curriculum ◽  
Feedback Form ◽  
Medical Graduates ◽  
Surgical Trainees ◽  
Medical Undergraduates ◽  
Knowledge Levels ◽  
Orthopaedic Education

Abstract Introduction Orthopaedic undergraduate education is both minimal and variable across UK medical schools. Furthermore, the clinical skills required to treat musculoskeletal injuries have been found inadequate by several studies assessing UK medical graduates. Method Orthopaedic revision courses organized by the student surgical society consisted of lectures and workshops covering clinical orthopaedic knowledge and skills required for university assessments. Five identical courses were run between December 2017 and December 2019 following the completion of fourth year’s musculoskeletal clinical block. Course tutors ranged from foundation year doctors (57%) to orthopaedic consultants and trainees (43%). An anonymous feedback form was handed out at each event and 5-point Likert scale questioning assessed participant perceptions prior to and following the course. Results This course led to a significant mean increase in students’ perceived knowledge levels with an average increase of 0.96 (19.2%) across all clinical examinations and lectures (p < 0.01). Tutor grade did not affect mean participant self-reported value of station, with stations taught by consultants and surgical trainees showing similar results to stations taught by FY doctors (p = 0.776). Conclusions The feedback revealed significant increases in student self-reported knowledge levels while poor pre-course scores reported might suggest inadequate coverage of orthopaedics in the undergraduate curriculum. The similarity in results when assessing the quality of tutorship suggests that FY doctors can be equally as valuable teaching tools for such courses as surgical trainees and consultants. These results suggest 1-day orthopaedic revision courses of this format can be highly beneficial in supplementing the undergraduate curriculum.

Mobile Pediatric Orthopaedic Education (MoPOEd)

2011 ◽  
Vol 93 (22) ◽  
pp. e134(1)-e134(5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M Bernstein ◽  
Carol B Cozen ◽  
Hugh G Watts ◽  
William Hohl
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Orthopaedic ◽  
Orthopaedic Education

scholarly journals A Self-Reported Needs Assessment Survey of Pediatric Orthopaedic Education in Haiti

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rameez A. Qudsi ◽  
Heather J. Roberts ◽  
Abhiram R. Bhashyam ◽  
Elena Losina ◽  
Donald S. Bae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Needs Assessment ◽  
Pediatric Orthopaedic ◽  
Assessment Survey ◽  
Needs Assessment Survey ◽  
Orthopaedic Education

scholarly journals The Quality of Pediatric Orthopaedic Information on the Internet

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 474-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenton Winship ◽  
Margaret Grisell ◽  
Carolyn B. Yang ◽  
Rachel X. Chen ◽  
Andrea S. Bauer
Keyword(s):  
The Internet ◽  
Pediatric Orthopaedic

Accessibility and Quality of Online Information for Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery Fellowships

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 831-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Austin R. Davidson ◽  
Robert F. Murphy ◽  
David D. Spence ◽  
Derek M. Kelly ◽  
William C. Warner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthopaedic Surgery ◽  
Online Information ◽  
Pediatric Orthopaedic

Immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in positively stained frozen sections

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-169
Author(s):  
K. T. Tokuyasu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
The Other ◽  
Positive Staining ◽  
Frozen Sections ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ultrathin Frozen Sections ◽  
Definition Of

During the past investigations of immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in ultrathin frozen sections, we found that the degree of negative staining required to delineate u1trastructural details was often too dense for the recognition of ferritin particles. The quality of positive staining of ultrathin frozen sections, on the other hand, has generally been far inferior to that attainable in conventional plastic embedded sections, particularly in the definition of membranes. As we discussed before, a main cause of this difficulty seemed to be the vulnerability of frozen sections to the damaging effects of air-water surface tension at the time of drying of the sections.Indeed, we found that the quality of positive staining is greatly improved when positively stained frozen sections are protected against the effects of surface tension by embedding them in thin layers of mechanically stable materials at the time of drying (unpublished).

Lithography below 100 nm

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 96-99
Author(s):  
L. D. Jackel
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Scattering ◽  
Electron Beam Lithography ◽  
Substrate Material ◽  
Local Electron ◽  
Electron Dose ◽  
Positive Resist ◽  
Exposure Process

Most production electron beam lithography systems can pattern minimum features a few tenths of a micron across. Linewidth in these systems is usually limited by the quality of the exposing beam and by electron scattering in the resist and substrate. By using a smaller spot along with exposure techniques that minimize scattering and its effects, laboratory e-beam lithography systems can now make features hundredths of a micron wide on standard substrate material. This talk will outline sane of these high- resolution e-beam lithography techniques.We first consider parameters of the exposure process that limit resolution in organic resists. For concreteness suppose that we have a “positive” resist in which exposing electrons break bonds in the resist molecules thus increasing the exposed resist's solubility in a developer. Ihe attainable resolution is obviously limited by the overall width of the exposing beam, but the spatial distribution of the beam intensity, the beam “profile” , also contributes to the resolution. Depending on the local electron dose, more or less resist bonds are broken resulting in slower or faster dissolution in the developer.

Convergent Beam Electron Diffraction

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-315
Author(s):  
G. Lehmpfuhl
Keyword(s):  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Diffraction Pattern ◽  
Crystal Surface ◽  
Diffraction Spot ◽  
Crystal Thickness ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Microscopic Investigations

Introduction In electron microscopic investigations of crystalline specimens the direct observation of the electron diffraction pattern gives additional information about the specimen. The quality of this information depends on the quality of the crystals or the crystal area contributing to the diffraction pattern. By selected area diffraction in a conventional electron microscope, specimen areas as small as 1 µ in diameter can be investigated. It is well known that crystal areas of that size which must be thin enough (in the order of 1000 Å) for electron microscopic investigations are normally somewhat distorted by bending, or they are not homogeneous. Furthermore, the crystal surface is not well defined over such a large area. These are facts which cause reduction of information in the diffraction pattern. The intensity of a diffraction spot, for example, depends on the crystal thickness. If the thickness is not uniform over the investigated area, one observes an averaged intensity, so that the intensity distribution in the diffraction pattern cannot be used for an analysis unless additional information is available.

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