scholarly journals The New Food Package and Breastfeeding Outcomes Among Women, Infants, and Children Participants in Los Angeles County

2014 ◽  
Vol 104 (S1) ◽  
pp. S112-S118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brent A. Langellier ◽  
M. Pia Chaparro ◽  
May C. Wang ◽  
Maria Koleilat ◽  
Shannon E. Whaley
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Los Angeles County ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Food Package

scholarly journals The neighborhood food environment modifies the effect of the 2009 WIC food package change on childhood obesity in Los Angeles County, California

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher E. Anderson ◽  
Catherine M. Crespi ◽  
May C. Wang ◽  
Shannon E. Whaley ◽  
M. Pia Chaparro
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Food Environment ◽  
Los Angeles County ◽  
Neighborhood Food Environment ◽  
Food Package

The role of income and neighborhood poverty in the association between the 2009 WIC food package change and child obesity among WIC-participating children in Los Angeles County, 2003-2016

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
M. Pia Chaparro ◽  
Shannon E. Whaley ◽  
Christopher E. Anderson ◽  
May C. Wang ◽  
Catherine M. Crespi
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Los Angeles County ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Child Obesity ◽  
Obesity Risk ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Neighborhood Poverty ◽  
Food Package ◽  
Supplemental Nutrition Program

Abstract Objective: To determine whether a previously reported association between the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC) food package change and reduced child obesity risk among WIC-participating children in Los Angeles County holds across levels of family income and neighborhood poverty. Design: Analysis of prospectively collected WIC administrative data. The outcome was obesity at age 4 (BMI-for-age≥95th percentile). Poisson regression was applied to a matched sample (N=79,502) to determine if the association between the WIC food package change and child obesity was modified by family income (<50% federal poverty level [FPL], 50-100% FPL, >100% but <185% FPL) and neighborhood poverty. Setting: Los Angeles County, California. Participants: Children who participated in WIC in Los Angeles County between 2003 and 2016; children were grouped as receiving the old WIC food package (2003-2009) or the new WIC food package (2010-2016). Results: Receiving the new WIC food package (i.e. post-2009) was associated with 7-18% lower obesity risk across all family income categories Neither family income nor neighborhood poverty significantly modified the association between the WIC food package and child obesity. However, certain subgroups seemed to benefit more from the food package change than others. In particular, boys from families with income above poverty but residing in the poorest neighborhoods experienced the greatest reductions in obesity risk (RR=0.77; 95%CI=0.66-0.88). Conclusions: The WIC food package revisions were associated with reduced childhood obesity risk among all WIC-participating families in Los Angeles County, across levels of income-eligibility and neighborhood poverty.

scholarly journals The 2009 Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) food package change and children's growth trajectories and obesity in Los Angeles County

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (5) ◽  
pp. 1414-1421 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Pia Chaparro ◽  
Catherine M Crespi ◽  
Christopher E Anderson ◽  
May C Wang ◽  
Shannon E Whaley
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Los Angeles County ◽  
Growth Trajectories ◽  
Obesity Risk ◽  
Supplemental Nutrition ◽  
Nutrition Program ◽  
Full Dose ◽  
Food Packages ◽  
Food Package ◽  
Supplemental Nutrition Program

ABSTRACT Background In 2009, for the first time since the program's inception in 1974, the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC) changed their food packages, providing food options better aligned with the 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the 2009 WIC food package change was associated with changes in growth trajectories from age 0 to 4 y or obesity at age 4 among children who participated in WIC in Los Angeles County between 2003 and 2016. Methods Children were grouped into 1 of 4 exposure groups: full-dose, new food package group (participating in WIC from birth to age 4, post 2009, N = 70,120), full-dose, old food package group (participating from birth to age 4, pre 2009, N = 85,871), late-dose, new food package group (participating from age 2 to 4 y, post 2009, N = 8386), and late-dose, old food package group (participating from age 2 to 4 y, pre 2009, N = 18,241). Children were matched across groups on gender, race/ethnicity, maternal education and language, family income, and initial weight status, and matched analyses were performed. Longitudinal growth trajectories were modeled using piecewise linear spline mixed models, and differences in obesity at age 4 were compared using Poisson regression models. Results Children receiving a full dose of the new food package had healthier growth trajectories and a lower obesity risk at age 4 than children receiving a full dose of the old food package (RR [95% CI]: 0.88 [0.86, 0.91] for boys, 0.90 [0.87, 0.93] for girls). Boys, but not girls, in the late-dose, new food package group had a lower obesity risk at age 4 compared with boys in the late-dose, old food package group (RR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.81, 0.98). Conclusions The WIC food package change appears to be associated with improved childhood obesity outcomes. These findings are important in informing policymakers considering further improvements to the WIC food packages.

The effect of the 2009 WIC food package change on childhood obesity varies by gender and initial weight status in Los Angeles County

2019 ◽  
pp. e12526 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pia Chaparro ◽  
Christopher E. Anderson ◽  
Catherine M. Crespi ◽  
Shannon E. Whaley ◽  
May C. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Los Angeles County ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Food Package

The Sunland Grizzly

2014 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
Josh Sides
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Los Angeles County ◽  
Southern California ◽  
Grizzly Bear ◽  
Science And Art ◽  
Founding Director

In 1916, Cornelius Birket Johnson, a Los Angeles fruit farmer, killed the last known grizzly bear in Southern California and the second-to last confirmed grizzly bear in the entire state of California. Johnson was neither a sportsman nor a glory hound; he simply hunted down the animal that had been trampling through his orchard for three nights in a row, feasting on his grape harvest and leaving big enough tracks to make him worry for the safety of his wife and two young daughters. That Johnson’s quarry was a grizzly bear made his pastoral life in Big Tujunga Canyon suddenly very complicated. It also precipitated a quagmire involving a violent Scottish taxidermist, a noted California zoologist, Los Angeles museum administrators, and the pioneering mammalogist and Smithsonian curator Clinton Hart Merriam. As Frank S. Daggett, the founding director of the Los Angeles County Museum of History, Science and Art, wrote in the midst of the controversy: “I do not recollect ever meeting a case where scientists, crooks, and laymen were so inextricably mingled.” The extermination of a species, it turned out, could bring out the worst in people.

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