Hydrological Environment in Subsurface Steep Slope - Groundwater Flow Passageway on Slope Behind Kiyomizudera -

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junko Nakaya ◽  
◽  
Kazunari Sako ◽  
Shunsuke Mitsutani ◽  
Ryoichi Fukagawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Slope Failure ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Steep Slope ◽  
Ground Temperature ◽  
Mountain Slope ◽  
Anomalous Temperature ◽  
Hydrological Environment

The hydrological environment must be understood before water flow can be adequately controlled to prevent slope failure without impacting unduly on the hydrological mountain slope environment. We conducted field studies to determine current sites and measurement of ground temperature 1 meter deep to clarify groundwater flow passageways on the slope behind the cultural heritage temple Kiyomizudera in Kyoto. Results showed anomalous temperature 1 meter deep bands on the slope and several springs that are extensions of these bands. Several of these bands coincide with terrain deformations such as gullies and slope failure scars indicating the probability of relationships between groundwater flow and topological deformation.

scholarly journals A New Approach to Generate Source Terms, Distributed in Space and Time for Transient Groundwater Flow Models

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Klemens Fuchs ◽  
Johann Fank
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Ground Water Flow ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
Geostatistical Models ◽  
Distributed Recharge ◽  
Hydrological Environment

As presented in earlier papers (Fuchs and Fank, 1998; Fank, 1999) it is possible to generate initial and boundary conditions for transient ground water flow models using a set of measured groundwater hydrographs. In this paper we present² geostatistical models for the evaluation of spatial and time distributed recharge (RC) using measured ground water hydrographs,² limitations concerning the type of aquifer and the hydrological environment and² application to the western part of the “Leibnitzer Feld”, a shallow quaternaryaquifer south of Austria.

scholarly journals Implications of Self-Potential Distribution for Groundwater Flow System in a Nonvolcanic Mountain Slope

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tada-nori Goto ◽  
Kazuya Kondo ◽  
Rina Ito ◽  
Keisuke Esaki ◽  
Yasuo Oouchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
General Trend ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Mountain Slope ◽  
Infiltration Process ◽  
Groundwater Flow System ◽  
Self Potential ◽  
Sp Anomaly ◽  
Fft Analysis

Self-potential (SP) measurements were conducted at Mt. Tsukuba, Japan, which is a nonvolcanic mountain, to infer groundwater flow system in the mountain. Survey routes were set around the northern slope, and the reliability of observed SP anomaly was checked by using SP values along parallel survey routes; the error was almost within 10 mV. The FFT analysis of the spatial SP distribution allows us a separation of raw data into two components with shorter and longer wavelength. In the shorter (altitudinal) wavelength than ∼200 meters, several positive SP peaks of more than 100 mV in magnitude are present, which indicate shallow perched water discharges along the slope. In the regional SP pattern of longer wavelength, there are two major perturbations from the general trend reflecting the topographic effect. By comparing the SP and hydrological data, the perturbation around the foothill is interpreted to be caused by heterogeneous infiltration at the ground surface. The perturbation around the summit is also interpreted to be caused by heterogeneous infiltration process, based on a simplified numerical modeling of SP. As a result, the SP pattern is well explained by groundwater flow and infiltration processes. Thus, SP data is thought to be very useful for understanding of groundwater flow system on a mountain scale.

scholarly journals Numerical estimation of fracture network permeability based on GEOFRAC model for groundwater modeling in a tin mine

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-248
Author(s):  
Lei Lu ◽  
Chunxue Liu ◽  
Gang Chen ◽  
Liang Guo
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Slope Failure ◽  
Groundwater Modeling ◽  
Flow Simulation ◽  
Fracture Network ◽  
Fracture Plane ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Sample Data ◽  
Ore Distribution

Abstract Numerous geological research studies and mining operations have proved that fracture is one of the important factors controlling groundwater flow, mineralization, and ore distribution in metallic deposits. Most current approaches to groundwater flow simulation of naturally fractured media rely on the calculation of equivalent permeability tensors from a discrete fracture network (DFN). This study is aimed at developing a rational two-dimensional DFN by GEOFRAC, a geostatistical method of fracture direction and locations of sample data from a tin mine in the Gaosong area, Gejiu city, southwest China, and utilizing 3,724 outcrop fractures sampled on the ground of mountain Gaosong. Principal inputs of the DFN are density, direction, and continuity of disks that constitute a fracture plane. Fractures simulated by GEOFRAC were validated in that their directions corresponded well with those of the sample fractures. The permeability tensor of each modeling grid was then calculated based on the fracture network constructed. The results showed that GEOFRAC is valuable for two-dimensional DFN modeling in mines and other fracture-controlled geological phenomena, such as groundwater flow and slope failure.

Flow and Radionuclide Transport From Rock to Surface Systems: Characterization and Modelling of Potential Repository Sites in Sweden

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kent Werner ◽  
Emma Bosson ◽  
Sten Berglund
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Exit Point ◽  
Flow Paths ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Mike She ◽  
Mike 11 ◽  
Surface Water Flow ◽  
Safety Assessments

The safety assessments of potential geological repositories for spent nuclear fuel in Sweden are supported by modelling of groundwater flow in rock, to predict locations (exit points) where radionuclides from the deep repository may enter land, surface waters and associated ecosystems above the rock. This modelling includes detailed rock descriptions, but simplifies the upper part of the flow domain, including representations of meteorological processes and interactions with hydrological objects at the surface. Using the Laxemar candidate site as example, this paper investigates some potentially important consequences of these simplifications. Specifically, it compares particle tracking results obtained by a deep-rock groundwater flow model (CONNECTFLOW) and by MIKE SHE-MIKE 11, which contains detailed descriptions of near-surface/surface water flow. Overall, the models predict similar exit point patterns, occurring as clusters along streams in valleys, at a lake, and in sea bays. However, on a detailed level there are some prediction differences, which may be of importance for biosphere-focused safety assessments. CONNECTFLOW essentially predicts flow paths through the repository that follow fractures and deformation zones, outcropping in valleys. In comparison, MIKE SHE-MIKE 11 provides more detailed information on near-surface water flow paths, including the associated exit points and inputs to assessments of radionuclide retention.

Glaciohydraulic supercooling: a freeze-on mechanism to create stratified, debris-rich basal ice: II. Theory

1998 ◽  
Vol 44 (148) ◽  
pp. 563-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard B. Alley ◽  
Daniel E. Lawson ◽  
Edward B. Evenson ◽  
Jeffrey C. Strasser ◽  
Grahame J. Larson
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Accretion Rate ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Steep Slope ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Ice Accretion ◽  
Flow Paths ◽  
Basal Ice ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Pressure Melting

AbstractSimple theory supports field observations (Lawson and others, 1998 that subGlaciol water flow out of overdeepenings can cause accretion of layered, debris-bearing ice to the bases of glaciers. The large meltwater flux into a temperate glacier at the onset of summer melting can cause rapid water flow through expanded basal cavities or other flow paths. If that flow ascends a sufficiently steep slope out of an overdeepèning, the water will supercool as the pressure-melting point rises, and basal-ice accretion will occur. Diurnal, occasional or annual fluctuations in water discharge will cause variations in accretion rate, debris content of accreted ice or subsequent diagenesis, producing layers. Under appropriate conditions, net accretion of debris-bearing basal ice will allow debris fluxes that are significant in the glacier sediment budget.

Geomorphology of a thermo-erosion gully, Bylot Island, Nunavut, Canada1This article is one of a series of papers published in this CJES Special Issue on the theme of Fundamental and applied research on permafrost in Canada.2Polar Continental Shelf Project Contribution 043-11.

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 979-986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Etienne Godin ◽  
Daniel Fortier
Keyword(s):  
Continental Shelf ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Snow Accumulation ◽  
Main Channel ◽  
Ground Temperature ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Bylot Island ◽  
Local Water ◽  
Length And Area

A thermo-erosion gully has been monitored in the valley of glacier C-79 on Bylot Island since 1999. The main channel of the gully reached 390 m in length a few months after its initiation and grew between 38 and 50 m/year over the following decade, for an overall approximated average of 75 m/year. In 2009, the total gully length and area, including the main and relict channels, were 2500 m and 25 000 m2, respectively. Gullies affect snow accumulation, and therefore ground temperature, local water flow, and drainage. Sinkholes, gully heads, pools, baydzherakhi, tunnels, and collapses were grouped as a function of time since gully formation in that area. Sinkholes and tunnels were formed every year after gully inception, and baydzherakhi were found in 3–10 year old sections of the gully. Stabilization of the gully floor and sides took about a decade.

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